The Effect of Temperature, Time, and Methanol Concentration on Enhancing the Yield of Biodiesel Production of Castor and Rapeseed Seeds via the Transesterification Process

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering and Renewable Energy Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.

2 Chemical Engineering, Canal High institute of Engineering and Technology in Suez, Suez, Egypt.

3 Chemical engineering department, Canal High Institute of Engineering and Technology, Suez, Egypt.

4 the chemical engineering department, The Canal Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology

5 Basic Sciences Department, Canal High Institute of Engineering and Technology, Suez, Egypt.

Abstract

Increased global demand for energy and fossil fuels in particular as a result of the noticeable increase in industrialization and modernization in the world However, the energy derived from this source is considered a major source of pollution. This prompted the hunt for a different energy source that produced from renewable, non-polluting raw materials, such as biodiesel, as an alternative, clean, and non-polluting fuel. Castor and Rapeseed seeds oil are considered waste in Egypt because their production exceeds the requirements of agriculture and industry. Therefore, they are considered an important and available source to produce biodiesel from their oils, and therefore they are sustainable, abundant, and cost-effective. In this paper, three primary parameters were examined in relation to the synthesis of biodiesel from each oil at 1% catalyst concentration: reaction time, reaction temperature, and methanol concentration. To speed up the conversion of free fatty acids (FFA), methanol potassium hydroxide (KOH) was added to the transesterification process as a homogenous alkaline catalyst. Exists in the oil to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The highest biodiesel mass yield for castor seed oil was 87.96 at the optimum condition: 20 wt.% methanol 90°C for 60 minutes. In addition, the highest biodiesel mass yield for rapeseed oil was 89.405% at the optimum condition: 20 wt.% methanol, 90°C reaction temperature for 45 minutes. A comparison study was made between ASTM biodiesel standard, commercial.

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Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 67, Issue 13 - Serial Number 13
In Loving Memory of Late Professor Doctor ””Mohamed Refaat Hussein Mahran””
December 2024
Pages 371-377

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 December 2023
  • Revise Date: 11 January 2024
  • Accept Date: 23 January 2024

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