Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Textile technology Dep, Faculty of Technology and Education, Beni-suef University
2
Head of Environmental Sciences and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62521, Egypt
3
Production Technology Department, Faculty of Technology and Education Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
4
Textile printing, dyeing, and finishing Department. Faculty of Applied Arts, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, 62521, Egypt.
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of disperse dyes in various applications including textiles, energy, and sensors, it is important to increase their surface area. Additionally, it is necessary to implement an environmentally sustainable approach to the milling process of these dyes. In this study, intermittent milling was utilized for the first time to mill Disperse Red 167 (DR 167) dye without the use of auxiliaries and/or additional chemicals to achieve an eco-sustainable milling approach. A comprehensive investigation was carried out to analyze the physico-chemical characteristics of DR 167 dye in its pristine and milled forms through a range of analytical techniques to uncover the effects of milling times, i., e. 2 and 10 h, on the dye properties. SEM and FTIR revealed that the pristine spherical shape of DR 167 dye deteriorated gradually with an increase in milling time, accompanied by significant variations in peak intensities and slight shifts that indicate a crystal form change. While NMR analysis indicated that there were no changes in the chemical structure of the dye. XRD data showed that the β-crystal phase of the pristine dye collapsed after 2 h of milling, followed by recrystallization to the α-crystal phase after 10 h of milling. The melting points of the β and α-crystal forms were approximately 135°C and 133°C, respectively, as revealed by thermal studies.
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