Elaborating 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazole Scaffold with A P-Tolyl Sulfonamide Moiety Enhances Cytotoxic Activity: Design, Synthesis, in Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation, Radiolabelling and in Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Elwahat Street, 6 october city, Egypt

2 Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, PO13759, Cairo, Egypt.

3 Radioisotopes Production Facility (RPF), Egyptian Second Research Reactor (ETRR‑2), Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt

4 Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy

5 Radioactive Isotopes and Generator Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt.

6 Department of pharmaceutical organic chemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

7 Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy

8 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

9 Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (3-5) were designed, synthesized, and screened for cytotoxic activity. Compound 3 bearing substituted benzenesulfonamide scaffold exhibited remarkable potency against breast cancer (MCF-7), hepatoma (HepG2), colon cancer (HCT116), and lung cancer (A549) cells and lower potency on the normal cells (WI-38), as well as, it possesses higher anticancer activity than starting 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-amine (2) and the positive control Staurosporine. The anticancer activity of compound 3 is at least partly attributed to the inhibition of the tumor-associated human carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII. The high selectivity of compound 3 for cancer cells over normal cells and for tumor-associated CA isoforms IX and XII over the off-target cytosolic isoform II reflects its safety. Pharmacokinetic study of compound 3 was evaluated in a normal mice model based on a radiopharmaceutical chemistry approach.

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