Principles of Solid State Synthesis Method And Their Applications For Inorganic Synthesis

Document Type : Review Articles

Authors

Department of Chemistry, Brawijaya University,Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract

This paper discusses the principle of solid state synthesis method including definition, steps of reaction, mechanism of crystal growth, advantage and disadvantage, influencing factors, and tools. This paper also presents the examples of inorganic material synthesis such as metal oxides, metal salts, silicon carbide, zeolite, carbon, kaoline, and their composites by solid state method. The metal oxides were prepared at high, low, and room temperature, with conventional furnace and microwave, for single crystal, polycrystalline, and glass (amorphous material). Usage of microwave in synthesis of MgAl2O4 increased the crystallinity (1.5 X larger) and SBET (4.4 X larger) and reduced the solid particle size (2.56 nm smaller) also synthesis time (5 h shorter) than usage of conventional furnace. The carbon was prepared by dry pyrolysis of various plant biomass, flours, coffee, and tea. The modified kaoline was made through substitution and intercalation. The carbon composites were created by impregnation of the CNS or CNM using spinels. CNM or CNS solid particles size was conditionized by dispersion of the activated carbon in the water using mixer, blender, stirrer, and sonicator.

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Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Volume 68, Issue 13 - Serial Number 13
(In Loving Memory of Late Professor Doctor”Zeinab M. Nofal” In progress
December 2025
Pages 37-55

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History

  • Receive Date: 05 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 29 August 2025
  • Accept Date: 30 August 2025

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