Electrochemical and Supercapacitive Properties of 4-((2-(5-((4-nitrophenyl)azo)-4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)-benzoic acid (NTBA): Modified Electrodes for Sensing and Biomedical Applications

Sarhan, Ahmed M.; Abdel-Latif, Ehab; Gomaa, Esam A.; El-Dossiky, Farid E.; Abdelghany, Amr M.; Badawy, Safa A.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.381843.11708

Electrochemical and Supercapacitive Properties of 4-((2-(5-((4-nitrophenyl)azo)-4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)-benzoic acid (NTBA): Modified Electrodes for Sensing and Biomedical Applications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.

² Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt.

³ Spectroscopy Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ElBehouth St., Dokki, 12311, Giza, Egypt

⁴ Basic Science Department, Horus university, International Coastal Road, New Damietta, Egypt

10.21608/ejchem.2025.381843.11708

Abstract

A novel thiazole derivative, 4-((2-(5-((4-nitrophenyl)azo)-4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)-benzoic acid (NTBA), was synthesized with an 89% yield and characterized using IR, UV-Vis, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The compound exhibited a highly conjugated structure, as confirmed by spectroscopic analyses. Electrochemical studies revealed that NTBA-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, enhanced with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), demonstrated superior supercapacitive performance, with a specific capacitance of 0.0916 F/g, significantly higher than that of conventional glassy carbon electrodes (0.05295 F/g). Cyclic voltammetry indicated selective interactions with Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺, and MnO₄⁻ ions, following diffusion-controlled mechanisms. Antioxidant assays (DPPH and ABTS) showed NTBA's potent radical scavenging activity, with IC₅₀ values of 29.26 mg/L and 36.94 mg/L, respectively, highlighting its potential for biomedical applications. Molecular docking studies using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software identified two binding poses of NTBA with the viral protein 7JWY (SARS-CoV-2 target), exhibiting free binding energies of -5.33 kcal/mol and -5.23 kcal/mol. Key interactions involved residues Lys129, Asn125, Val171 (Pose 1) and Lys529, Asn331, Gln580, Arg328 (Pose 2), suggesting potential antiviral properties. This study underscores NTBA's multifunctionality as a promising material for energy storage, environmental sensing, and biomedical applications, bridging advancements in electrochemistry, supercapacitor technology, and therapeutic research.

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