Absorptive removal of methylene blue from aqueous using Moringa Oleifera extract loaded activated carbon

Hemida, Hany; Ebrahium, Mohamed M; Alkabli, Jafar A; Alraddadi, Thamer S.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.384362.11756

Absorptive removal of methylene blue from aqueous using Moringa Oleifera extract loaded activated carbon

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Applied College at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

² Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 42351, Saudi Arabia

10.21608/ejchem.2025.384362.11756

Abstract

This study investigates the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions using activated carbon (AC) and Moringa oleifera leaf extracts loaded onto AC using hexane (MS-AC) and water (MW-AC). Key operational parameters such as dye concentration, contact time, pH, and adsorbent dosage were optimized. The MS-AC sample achieved 100% MB removal, showing superior performance compared to MW-AC and unmodified AC with a lower dose (0.05 g/L), indicating a much more efficient adsorbent. Adsorption equilibrium followed the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer adsorption, with high correlation coefficients (R² = 0.9931 for MS-AC). Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models supported additional surface heterogeneity and confirmed that the process is endothermic and physical in nature. These findings highlight the potential of MS-AC as a low-cost, effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.

Keywords