Exploring the Antiviral Potential of Single Garlic Oil Against COVID-19: A Natural Remedy for Viral Infections

Elsheikh, Walaa A; El Hawary, Seham; Kutkat, Omnia; Eldesoky, Ahmed Hamed; El-Raey, Mohamed A.; Ashour, Rehab; Fayed, Mohamed Fayed

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.369972.11495

Exploring the Antiviral Potential of Single Garlic Oil Against COVID-19: A Natural Remedy for Viral Infections

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Ministry of health and populations, Cairo, Egypt.

² Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University

³ National Research Centre, Water pollution Department, Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, 33 El buhouth Street, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt.

⁴ National Research Centre Pharmacognosy Natural Product Chemistry

⁵ National Research centre

⁶ Department of Pharmacognosy,Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University

⁷ Pharmacology department, medical division, national research centre

10.21608/ejchem.2025.369972.11495

Abstract

In recent decades, the incidence of viral pandemics has risen significantly. These pandemics not only result in millions of deaths but also hinder economic growth and development. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global health crisis in 2020. The disease is caused by the β-coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to investigate the in-vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 and in silico activities of volatile constituents from single clove garlic, as well as to identify these constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. A total of 27 compounds were identified. The major compounds detected were diallyl disulfide, allyl trisulfide, and 2-vinyl-1,3-dithi-4-ene. The in-vitro cell viability was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of the volatile constituents was established. Additionally, a geometry-based molecular docking approach (PatchDock) was employed to create docking modifications that result in favorable molecular shape complementarity.

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