Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Deprtment of Therapeutic Chemistry , National Research Centre (NRC),El Behouth St. , P.O.12622. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
2
Associate Prof. Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
3
Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre.
4
National Research Centre ,Cairo, Egypt
5
Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre; 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki –Giza-Egypt. P.O.12622, ID: 60014618.
Abstract
The current research aims to investigate the bioactivities of both petroleum ether and methanolic extracts of the flowers and aerial parts of Anthemis tinctoria L., along with characterizing its metabolomic profile. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects of the plant extracts were measured through quantitative colorimetric assays were evaluated, revealing that the methanol extract of flowers had higher activity than that of extract of aerial parts. Additionally, the antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay. The effectiveness of both petroleum ether and methanolic extracts from the aerial part and flowers of Anthemis tinctoria was investigated for their protective and therapeutic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties (500 mg/kg.b.wt/day for 7 days, orally) in monosodium urate (MSU)-induced arthritis in Wistar albino male rats joints. Serum uric acid, pro-inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor–α and interleukin 1β (TNF-α and IL-1β, respectively), oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxide, reduced glutathione and super oxide dismutase (MDA, GSH and SOD respectively) levels were all measured. According to our findings, the four extracts of Anthemis tinctoria markedly decreased uric acid levels and ankle swelling in both the protective and therapeutic groups, attributable to their anti-inflammatory properties that involve the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines. This effect is primarily mediated by a reduction in oxidative stress and an enhancement of antioxidant status. The improvements in all the aforementioned lesions were significantly observed in both the protected and treated rats receiving the extracts of Anthemis tinctoria, which was confirmed by our histopathological findings. Comparatively GC/MS analysis identified nineteen compounds in the flowers, representing 95.81% of the total composition. Heptacosane was the major identified compound (10.72%). Moreover, α-amyrin was noted as the principal sterol, with a concentration of 3.06%. While, the aerial parts contained twenty-seven compounds, accounting for 94.53%, with methyl isostearate being the most abundant at 9.84%. Moreover, quantitative evaluation of total phenolics and flavonoids in the methanol extract of the flowers showed greater concentrations compared to the aerial parts. HPLC analysis indicated the presence of 17 phenolics and flavonoids out of 22 standards for each extract, with predominance of diodzein in the flowers, with a concentration of 8585.311µg/g, while naringin was the most significant flavonoid in the aerial parts, measured at 3835.559 µg/g. Five flavonoids were isolated and identified from the flowers' methanolic extract as apigenin, 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3, 7-O-dirhamnopyranoside, chrysoeriol 7-O-glucopyranoside, and rutin. In conclusion, both petroleum ether and methanolic extracts from Anthemis tinctoria hold significant potential as protective and therapeutic agents for arthritis, assisting in the prevention and management of this chronic inflammatory disorder.
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