Anti-ulcer Potential of Myco-fabricated Copper Oxide and Ferric Oxide Nanoparticles Against Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcers in Male Albino Rats

Mansour, Doaa S.; Morsi, Reham M.; Mansour, Hoda A.; Mater, Salwa N.A.; Essam, H. M.; Mousa, Shaimaa A.; El-Sayed, El-Sayed R.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.360482.11315

Anti-ulcer Potential of Myco-fabricated Copper Oxide and Ferric Oxide Nanoparticles Against Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcers in Male Albino Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

² Biological Application Department, Cyclotron facility, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

³ Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

10.21608/ejchem.2025.360482.11315

Abstract

Gastric ulcers are a prevalent stomach disease that requires timely medical attention and appropriate treatment to prevent complications. In this study, the protective effects of myco-fabricated copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcers in rats were assessed. The rats were administered ethanol via gavage to create an acute gastric ulcer model, after which serum and stomach tissue samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The results indicated that pretreatment with CuO-NPs and Fe3O4-NPs significantly reduced the gastric ulcer index and increased the ulcer prevention rate. These findings suggest that both nanoparticles offer protection against gastric ulcers. Moreover, CuO-NPs and Fe3O4-NPs exhibited antioxidant properties by decreasing malondialdehyde levels and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide, as well as anti-inflammatory effects by reducing tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, myeloperoxidase levels, and increasing prostaglandin E2 levels in serum and gastric tissue, as confirmed by histopathological studies. Both CuO-NPs and Fe3O4-NPs improved ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcers in rats, primarily through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These findings suggest the protecting and therapeutic roles of the myco-fabricated CuO-NPs and Fe3O4-NPs from natural and green approaches.

Keywords