Magnetite Biochar Derived from Date Palm Tree Waste Leaves for Adsorption of Congo Red from Aqueous Solution

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Magnetite biochar was prepared from date palm tree waste by pyrolysis process. The modified biochar was utilized for the removal of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solutions as a model for organic pollutants. Bichar was characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR which confirms the incorporation of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) in biochar composite. Batch adsorption experiments reveal that magnetite biochar achieves 100% removal efficiency of CR at pH 7 within 30 min at initial concentration of 25. Isotherm studies indicate a maximum adsorption capacity of 93.1 mg/g, with the Langmuir model providing the best fit for the data with R2 = 0.9258. The pseudo-second-order reaction model fitted better for all the concentrations and observed reaction rates were found to be 0.0246 and 0.0019 g/mg.min for 20 and 100 mg CR/L, respectively. The findings underscore the potential of magnetite biochar as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for addressing dye-laden wastewater, promoting environmentally friendly practices in industrial applications.

Keywords

Main Subjects