Attenuating role of Cynara cardunculus leaves as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory: Chemical composition and isolation

A. Younis, Eman; Elbatanony, Marwa M.; Abd Elhady Deabes, Doaa; Aly, Hanan Farouk; El-Feky, Amal M.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2024.324049.10523

Attenuating role of Cynara cardunculus leaves as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory: Chemical composition and isolation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, P.O.12622 (ID: 60014618), Egypt.

² Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, P.O.12622 (ID: 60014618), Egypt

³ Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, P.O.12622 (ID: 60014618), Egypt.

⁴ Deprtment of Therapeutic Chemistry , National Research Centre (NRC),El Behouth St. , P.O.12622. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

⁵ Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre.

10.21608/ejchem.2024.324049.10523

Abstract

The present study aimed to clarify the chemical configuration and bio-investigate of Cynara cardunculus leaves different extracts as a natural promising therapeutic source. GC/MS analysis of dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) led to the identification of 20 compounds (95.96%). The main identified one was 8,11-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (17.22%). Ethyl acetate fraction (ETAF) recorded the greatest phenolic and flavonoid contents as 11997.48 ± 8.913111 mg GAE /g, and 8635.63 ± 16.53595 mg CE /g, respectively. HPLC results depicted that 16 flavonoids and 11 phenolic acids were identified in ETAF, with abundance of naringin (3851.756 mg/g), and 17 flavonoids and 12 phenolic acids were recognized in the aqueous fraction (AQF). TLC chromatography directed to separation of 8 compounds identified as lupeol, ergosterol, α-amyrin, taraxeryl acetate, stigmasterol, cycloartenol, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside and peonidin 3-glucoside. In vitro DPPH scavenging activity demonstrated that AQF exhibited the highest activity (88.90±6.11%). The anti-diabetic evaluation declared that ETAF showed the highest effect. Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory activity, AQF recorded the highest IC50 value of 120.10mg/L. Regarding the anti-inflammatory activity, AQF presented a potent efficacy against COX-2 (IC50 value 4.256±0.2 μg/ml). While, DCMF showed the most effective (IC50 value 3.485±0.18 μg/mL) on 5-LOX, comparing to reference drugs. It could be concluded that, Cynara cardunculus leaves may be used potentially as useful bioactive natural source.

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