Efficacy of Essential Oils Extracted From Cinnamon and Rosemary against the Rat Fleas (Xenopsyllacheopis) and Evaluate Their Effects on Some Vital Processes in Rat Fleas and Albino Rat

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Immunology Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt

2 Toxicology Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Control of fleas was an important public health topic, so the purpose of this research was to calculate the insecticidal effect of cinnamon and rosemary oils for controlling adult fleas. The examination of phenolic compounds by GC-MSof the cinnamon and rosemary oil revealed isolation of 10 and 14 compounds for cinnamon and rosemary oil respectively. The lethal concentration (LC50) of cinnamon was 0.290 mg /L compared with 3.680 mg /L for rosemary oils. This result revealed that the cinnamon oils had a greater insecticidal effect than the rosemary oil. Levels of total proteins and acetyl cholinesterase in fleas (AchE) were decreased in group treated with cinnamon oil more than group treated with rosemary oil compared with control group, but level of GST in fleas increased in group treated with cinnamon oil more than group treated with rosemary oil compared with control group. Also, the level of Alpha- and beta- esterase in fleas increased in the group treated with rosemary oil more than group treated with cinnamon oil in contrast to the control group. No notable changes in serum biochemical, hematological parameters and pro-inflammatory markers in male and female rats. Therefore, cinnamon and rosemary oil are considered an eco-friendly and safe insecticide to keep adult fleas under control (Xenopsyllacheopis) but cinnamon is more powerful than rosemary oil.

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History

  • Receive Date: 16 July 2024
  • Revise Date: 05 August 2024
  • Accept Date: 14 August 2024

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