Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
National Research Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University,Fayoum, Egypt.
3
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University
Abstract
An excessive accumulation of body fat to the point where a person's health is adversely affected is referred to as obesity. Obesity is associated to numerous health problems, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified obesity as an epidemic pathophysiologic condition due to its high prevalence rate. Also, if the obesity incidence kept rising in the present direction, WHO warning that by 2030, the percentage of overweight and obese cases would be 38% and 20%, respectively. As a result of the globally high obesity prevalence rates, concerns of its therapies including; synthetic molecules and surgery, side effects of used synthetic materials, long time treatment and significant financial cost depletion, alternatives with naturally origin are required for their expected role in pharmacotherapy. So, plants' natural products have been shown to be promising safe anti-obesity agents. Marine life showed to cover a wide range of potential therapeutic treatments. The green macroalgae Ulva lactuca showed variable bioactivities especially regulating blood glucose. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate the potential anti-obesity activity of Ulva lactuca extract through in Vivo. Also, to evaluate the biochemical and histological effects in obese rats fed high-carbohydrate and high-fat diets. This study was conducted using 40 albino male rats that were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 each): 1st control group, the 2nd rats fed on a high carbohydrate, high-fat diet (HCHFD), the 3rd rats fed on standard diet + the methanolic Ulva lactuca extract, and the 4th rats were fed on HCHFD + the methanolic Ulva lactuca extract. Using the Ulva lactuca extract in Vivo mitigates the HCHFD effects for blood glucose level, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol. Also, this extract overcame the negative effects the HCHFD effects for leptin, irisin, resistin, and adiponectin in the Ulva lactuca + HCHFD group. Also, the liquid-chromatography–electrospray onization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis of bioactive compounds of Ulva lactuca extract resulted in identification of ten known bioactive compounds including; Bromophenol derivative, Kojic acid derivative, Redoxcitrinin, sesquiterpenoid, fucoxanthin, aspergilsmin E, aldobiuronic acid, furaltadone, stigmasterol and arachidonic acid. These compounds are known to have many therapeutic efficacies such as: anti-obesity activity, anti-hyperglycemic effects, recognized as inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, protect β-pancreatic cells, improving insulin resistance, they also have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activities, regulate hyperlipidemia, regulating the absorption of triglyceride pancreatic lipase and cardiovascular diseases.
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