Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Field Crop Research Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., (Former El-Tahrir) 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
2
Seed Technology Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre,109 El-Gama St., Giza, Egypt
3
Botany Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth St., (Former El-Tahrir St.) 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
Legume field crops, involving groundnuts, in the Nubaria region, are exposed to salinity stress in irrigation water, where, most of time, relied for their irrigation on well water, which contains various levels of salinity (2500-3000 ppm), particularly in the event of a deficiency or delay for water in the Nubaria Canal. Laboratory and field experiments using groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L; Var Giza-6) were performed to mitigate water salinity stress on photosynthetic pigments, growth, germination, yield and yield components of groundnut. Laboratory experiment was conducted at Laboratory of Seed Technology Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt, and two field trials were carried out at Experimental Research and Production Station of National Research Centre, El-Emam Malak Village, El-Noberia District, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt during summer seasons of 2021 and 2022. Results of laboratory experiment displayed marked increases regarding implementation of various magneto-priming seed treatments (T1-T5; 0.05, 0.11, 0.19, 0.27, 0.32 Tesla) compared to untreated (implanting dry seeds). As an average of all magneto-priming treatments (T1-T5), the improvement percentages compared to untreated seed reached by 12.13% in seed germination (G), 12.13% in germination index (GI), 15.83% in speed germination index (SGI), 12.13% in germination energy (GE), 2.88% in germination rate (GR; day), 26.95% in seedling length (SL; cm), 38.35% in seedling weight (SW; G). In addition seedling vigor-I and seedling vigor-II of groundnuts they were increased by 42.75 and 55.71%, respectively. Similar positive impacts were noticed in Mean Germination Time (MGT; day) where the treated seeds were speedier germinated by 8.99% compared to untreated ones. The best magnetized-seeds treatment (T4) was applied under field conditions as general treatments, where irrigation with water passed through magnetic device ( Two inch, produced by NRC; 0.24 - 0.28 Tesla) induced positive significant effect on groundnut growth, total chlorophyll at 90 DAS, yield components, yield (ton fed-1) and nutritional value of seeds at harvest under sprinkler or drip irrigation systems. The percentage of improvement ranged between 9.78 – 15.97%, 14.04-15.97%, 5.15-22.17%, 16.25-20.26%, and 3.48-12.12% in the above-mentioned parameters, respectively. Under conditions of experiments, it could be concluded that the application of magnetized water and seed technologies alleviated salinity water stress which resulted in the improvement of growth and productivity of groundnuts under Nubaria region.
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