New Insight into the Anticholinesterase Potential of Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. and Cordia sebestena L. Leaves, Phenolic Characterization of their Active Extracts by HPLC-DAD and Molecular Modeling

Hussein, Hagar Mohamed; Mohsen, Engy; Abdelmonem, Azza Ramy; Abdel Kawy, Mostafa Ali; Al-Karmalawy, Ahmed A.; El-Shiekh, Riham Adel

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2024.256819.9007

New Insight into the Anticholinesterase Potential of Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. and Cordia sebestena L. Leaves, Phenolic Characterization of their Active Extracts by HPLC-DAD and Molecular Modeling

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Pharmacognosy department ,faculty of pharmacy ,cairo university

² Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo ,Egypr

³ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt.

⁵ Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Pharmacognosy Department

10.21608/ejchem.2024.256819.9007

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia with cognitive impairment. Genus Cordia has been reported in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to investigate the total phenolics (TPC), flavonoids (TFC) content and the phenolic composition of leaves of Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. (CDLME) and Cordia sebestena L. (CSLME) crude methanolic extracts. Subsequently, investigate the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition activities of two plant leaves crude extracts and their subsequent fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate). CDLME had a higher TPC and TFC than CSLME.HPLC-DAD analysis of CDLME and CSLME demonstrated the existence of ten and five phenolic compounds, respectively. Rosmarinic acid (21595.123ugg-1), rutin (5258.113 ugg-1) and dihydrokaempferol (3828.986ugg-1) showed high abundance in CDLME, while rosmarinic acid (22070.111ugg-1) showed high abundance in CSLME. C. dichotoma and C. sebestena ethyl acetate fraction displayed the highest inhibitory activity against AChE (IC50 =15.12 ± 1.05 and 25.52 ± 0.15 μg/mL, respectively) and BChE (IC50 =37.20 ± 2.12 and 37.57 ± 1.22 μg/mL, respectively). C. dichotoma and its subsequent fractions showed higher cholinesterase inhibition activity than C. sebestena and its subsequent fractions. The detected phenolic compounds achieved good binding scores towards AChE and BChE as reflected from molecular docking study. The obtained results stipulate that C. dichotoma and C. sebestena leaves contain highly valuable phenolic compounds, which may contribute to the determined anticholinesterase effects and can offer a scientific basis for additional research on anti-AD potential of those plants.

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