Document Type : Review Articles
Authors
1
Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre National Research Centre
2
National Research Centre
Abstract
Global pesticide use increased from less than 2.5 million tonnes (2,303,814 tonnes) of active ingredients (a.i.) in 1990 to more than 4 million tonnes (4,168,778 tonnes) of active ingredients in 2019, with an absolute change of +1,864. 964 tons and a relative change of +81%. In Africa, total use of pesticides was 65,943 tons in 1999 and increased to 107,864 tons in 2019. Insecticide use in Africa is greater than relative changes globally (+29% in Africa vs. +20% globally). . However, the total use of pesticides in Egypt's agricultural sector was 13,214 tons in 1999 and decreased to 13,178 tons in 2019. After application, there are gradually a lot of containers and pesticide waste. There are various types of pesticide waste: empty containers, surplus pesticide solution mixtures, surplus pesticide products, active ingredients, expired raw materials, ready-to-use formulations, rinse water from containers, application equipment, spill clean-up materials and obsolete pesticides. All developed and developing countries face the problem of pesticide waste; however, the problem is different in developed industrialized countries and in poor developing countries. The share of pesticide packaging collected in 2005 was 17.3% worldwide. Therefore, in 2019, CMPT will offer 56 container management programs worldwide. On the other hand, the innovative treatment technologies for the disposal of pesticide waste include various processes, i.e. H. chemical dechlorination, photocatalytic oxidation, thermal desorption, biodegradation, solidification and stabilization technologies. There are many difficulties with meter development, including a lack of national regulations, laws and awareness of pesticide waste and container disposal. In addition, there is insufficient control and regulation of pesticide imports, the lack of good storage facilities, and political and social problems that impede the development process.
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