A Review on: Biocidal Activity of Some Chemical Structures and Their Role in Mitigation of Microbial Corrosion

Microbial corrosion has developed a foremost problematic in the oil and gas industrial field. This problem is by reason of the continual usage of water swamping in promoting oil recovery. This water moistens the walls of oil pipelines. Microbial corrosion is also present in other industries such as nuclear power reactors and in most hydro-power applications. Increased corporate infrastructure also leads to increased microbial corrosion. Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) is considered as the main kind of bacterial which cause of pipeline corrosion. Because of microbial deterioration is not understood, until recently, there is no clear mechanism to explain why and how microbial corrosion occurs because of the complexity of this area. The new theory of bio-catalytic cathodic sulfate reduction is bio-electrochemistry based. In this theory, the bio-energetics can explain why microbial corrosion occurs, while the extracellular electron transference theory is capable of explain how microbial corrosion happens. The microbial corrosion can be caused by nitrate reducing bacteria, which led to an analogous bio-catalytic cathodic nitrate reduction theory. The electron mediator assessment intended to validate the extracellular electron transference progression which anticipated in bio-catalytic cathodic sulfate reduction. The electron mediators like riboflavin and flavin adenine di-nucleotide were accomplished of hastening the microbial corrosion by endorsing electron transport flanked by an iron surface and a biofilm. In case of deficient in organic carbon, the elemental iron substituted the organic carbons as an energy source/electron donor for SRB to get their conservation energy. Under unblemished undernourishment of organic carbon, the largest pit depth was accomplished, which was consistent with the estimate of bio-catalytic cathodic sulfate reduction. The developing request and crucial necessity in oil and gas industry is to find an effectual method to avoid and/or mitigate microbial corrosion at a rational cost.