Renal Protective Effect of Novel Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Chlorella vulgaris Algae Against Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats

Kandeil, Mohamed A.; Safwat, Ghada M.; Tawfeek, Asma S.; Abdel-Razik, Abdel-Razik H.; Mohamed, Doaa Sh.

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.433720.12488

Renal Protective Effect of Novel Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Chlorella vulgaris Algae Against Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62512, Egypt.

² Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.

10.21608/ejchem.2025.433720.12488

Abstract

Background: This study explored the renal protective effect of biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) derived from Chlorella vulgaris in rats with experimentally induced hyperuricemia. Methods: 30 adult male albino rats were acclimatized for one week and randomly allocated into three groups (n = 10/group). Group I (control) was given normal saline (0.9%) intraperitoneally. Group II (hyperuricemic) received intraperitoneal potassium oxonate (250 mg/kg per day) for six consecutive weeks, followed one hour later by oral 10% fructose solution (8 mg/kg/day) to induce hyperuricemia. Group III (hyperuricemic + SeNPs) received the same induction protocol as group II in addition to oral biosynthesized SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg/day) for six weeks. The expression levels of BAX, BCL-2, and Caspase-3 were quantified using RT-qPCR. Results: Treatment with SeNPs substantially reduced serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels compared to the hyperuricemic group (P < 0.05). SeNPs downregulated renal levels of URAT1 and GLUT9 and upregulated OAT1 and ABCG2, suggesting improved urate excretion. Moreover, SeNPs decreased renal malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, indicating strong antioxidant potential. They also suppressed pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB) and modulated apoptotic gene expression by reducing BAX and Caspase-3 and upregulating BCL-2. Conclusion: Biosynthesized SeNPs derived from Chlorella vulgaris effectively protect against hyperuricemia-induced renal injury through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities, suggesting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for hyperuricemia-related renal disorders.

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