Silver Nanoparticles as Fuel Additives: Influence on Gasoline Octane Number and Flash Point

Abdel-Hafeez, Aya Mohsen; Abdel-Goad, Mahmoud Abdel-Halim

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2025.396080.11929

Silver Nanoparticles as Fuel Additives: Influence on Gasoline Octane Number and Flash Point

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Petrochemical Engineering Department , Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt.

² Chemical Engineering Department , Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt

10.21608/ejchem.2025.396080.11929

Abstract

In this work an alternative of improving the quality of gasoline by the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as fuel additives is proposed, measured by two important parameters include octane number and flash point. The synthesis of AgNPs was done by a green technique and the solution was added into gasoline in different concentrations (0.1-5.0 g L-1), where the treated samples of the fuel were also subject to standard ASTM testing procedures. The findings showed that there was a significant change in octane number. The results revealed a notable increase in octane number from 80 % to 87 %.This was due to catalytic characteristics of AgNPs that promote efficiency in the combustion. At the same time, the flash point improved from – 43°C to –39.5 °C, being a sign of increased thermal stability and safer handling properties of fuels. The overall results of statistical analysis in a quadratic model supported the known fact that the concentration of nanoparticle was the greatest impact on both responses, whereas time and temperature had minor influence. The model was also valid as shown using diagnostic plots (R² = 0.986 for octane number, R² = 0.963 for flash point). This is evidenced by the results that the AgNPs has great potential of enhancing the fuel properties at low dose thus being scalable and environmentally friendly. This novel study highlights the growing presence of nanotechnology in the fuel engineering field, and shows one avenue towards future studies in the use of nanoparticle combustion enhancement methods.

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