National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401High-Performance Rheology Modifiers and Fluid Loss of Starch-Bentonite Mixed System in Mud Fluids: Experimental and Optimization Study1653166412900510.21608/ejchem.2020.49243.3010ENHany E.AhmedEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, EgyptMohamed A.BetihaEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, EgyptMonaEl-DardirEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, EgyptModather F.HusseinChemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P. O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi ArabiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, EgyptNabelNegmEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt0000-0002-7999-0179Journal Article20201109The capability of drilling fluid to endure high temperatures is an important characteristic of drilling fluids. Natural polymers are commonly used as additives for drilling fluids to improve their rheological properties. Starch is one of them, that is extensively used in the drilling due to economics. However, the thermal stability of water-based mud included starch is low. Herein, diethanolamine is used to enhance the rheological and filtration loss properties of the water-based fluids (WBF) through chemical modification of Lewis acid sites in bentonite framework and the formation of a cross-linked hydrogen bond with the starch compound. The effect of starch as an additive to WBF was studied at 0.56% and 0.94% in the bentonite-based fluid. The revealed data indicated an apparent improvement had been achieved after the addition of starch (0.94%). The effect of diethanolamine (DEA) on the rheological properties of starch-bentonite system, DEA was used as an additive at three ratios of 0.19%, 0.37%, and 0.75, at 300 °F, 325 °F, 350 °F, and 375 °F. The obtained data indicated that both rheological and filtration loss properties were enhanced, eventually at elevated temperature of 350 °F. The interaction in bentonite-starch, bentonite-DEA, and bentonite-starch-DEA WBF was studied using FTIR, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicated the formation of hydrogen bonds between all components, which increases the basal displacing between bentonite layers. That interaction leads to the enhancement of the rheological and filtration loss properties of the drilling fluid. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used with the central composite design to evaluate and improve the drilling fluid compositions in terms of various rheological parameters.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_129005_c220c51ae076711450b6a5d569805dae.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Preparation and Evaluation of Microencapsulated Fig Leaves Extract for Production Novel Processed Cheese Sauce1665167813152510.21608/ejchem.2020.52706.3087ENSamahElsayedDairy department, National Research Center, Cairo, EgyptHodaEl-SayedDairy scinceHeba H.SalamaDairy Department, National Research Centre, Egypt0000-0002-2978-6292NabilAbd-RabouDairy science, Food Industries and Nutrition Division, National Research CentreJournal Article20201207In the current study, microcapsules Functionalized with Lactobacillus helveticus with or without fig leaves extract were performed. The effects of fig leaves extract on probiotic strains; antioxidant/antimicrobial activities were studied. The morphological characteristics and efficiency of microcapsules were determined. The fig leaves extract possess total phenol content, antioxidant activity, and excellent antimicrobial properties against pathogens. All tested probiotics propagated well when using fig leaves extract especially with Lb. helveticus. The encapsulation efficiency was recorded 92.00 and 92.12 % for capsules form with alginate and skim milk, respectively. The impact of supplemented different microcapsules with cheese sauce on microbiological, physicochemical, melting, oil separation, coloring, and sensory properties were assessed during 50 days of cold storage. Supplemented cheese sauce with microcapsules loaded by Lb. helveticus with fig leaves extract eliminated molds and yeast growth and prolonged the shelf life. This supplemented improved physiochemical, melting, and sensory properties during the storage period.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_131525_ad236bc374506c293feae3c431bdb268.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Phenolic Profiling of Hyphaene thebaica by LC-ESI-Mass: Iron Nanoparticles Significance and Cytotoxic Activity1679168613152710.21608/ejchem.2020.53478.3109ENSahar Awad AllahHusseinHead of department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics,Division of Pharmaceutical Industries,National Research Center, El Buhouth st., Dokki
Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-6305-508XAmaniElmesallamyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.0000-0003-2853-6870MaiSeleimChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt.Journal Article20201215Phenolic profiling of edible parts Hyphaene thebaica ( Doum palm) are identified using LC-ESI-MS, the Overall polyphenolic constituents demonstrated by means of LC-ESI-Mass profiling . Twenty three isolated compounds were identified as ; caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, rhamnetin, catechin, quercitrin, vanillic acid , kaempferol 3-O-acetyleglucoside , cinnamic acid, apigenin-7-O-glucose , intricatin 3-O-htyrosol, luteolin, quercetin ,naringenin , kaempferol ,vanillic acid 4-β-D-glycoside coumaric acid, ferulic acid, luteolin-6-arbinose-8-glucose, p-coumaroyl malic acid eriocitrin, apigenin and hesperetin <br /> Iron nanoparticles (FeNps ) of H. thebaica fruit EtOAc extract was freshly prepared and characterized with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) with particles size 150.7 nm. The anti-proliferation activity of the crude extract of EtOAc and the synthesized Fe Nps was evaluated using MTT assay on human colon (Caco-2) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. <br /> The results declared that half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of EtOAc extract on colon (IC50 35.4 µg/ml) and on liver cancer cell lines (IC50 72.02 µg/ml) while nanoparticles portion of EtOAc was found more pronounced on colon cancer cell lines (IC50 19.44 µg/ml) and on liver (IC50 15.5 µg/ml). So, the Fe Nps of EtOAc of H.thebaica fruit extract with particles size 150.7 nm is more effective as antitumor than the crude EtOAc extract.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_131527_3e56d49145e402ae18eedb6f962c3b39.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Dielectric and Physico-Chemical Techniques to Evaluate the Nutritional and Quality Characteristics of Fino Bread Fortified with Sunflower Meal1687170013197610.21608/ejchem.2020.50954.3050ENAhmed SHusseinFood Technology Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0001-6297-3439Ayman AMahammadFood Technology Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, EgyptSalwa LAbd-El-MessiehMicrowave Physics and Dielectrics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, EgyptShimaaFaragMicrowave Physics and Dielectrics Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, EgyptFathyMehayaFood technology Dept, food industries and nutrition0000-0001-8434-1029Journal Article20201129The fortification of fino bread with sunflower meal (SFM), as a source of protein and bioactive compounds, at the levels of 5, 10, 15, and 20% was investigated. The chemical composition, amino acid, phenolic profiles, and fiber fractions of SFM were determined. The prepared flour blends and fino bread samples were subjected to physico-chemical, dielectric, rheological, and organoleptic analyses. The obtained results showed that SFM is rich in amino acids, fibers and phenolic compounds. The rheological tests indicated that the fortification of wheat flour with SFM weakened the dough and reduced its elasticity and extensibility. Also, dielectric properties (DPs) gradually decreased as the SFM level increased. Fortified bread samples had a dense structure and dark brown color compared to the control sample. Photomicrographs of tested bread showed that SFM ruptured the gluten network and allowed starch granules to leach out. Bread samples were acceptable overall the organoleptic properties. These findings revealed the potential applications of SFM as a low-cost, and nutritious food ingredient to improve the nutritional value of bakery products. It also demonstrated the close dependencies between the physico-chemical and dielectric properties of raw materials and the quality characteristics of the final products.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_131976_7745608b7d53c6d1e7995082489cee12.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Selective Separation of Cu(II) from A single Metal Ion Solution by Using O-amino thiophenol-modified flax fiberd1701170813360610.21608/ejchem.2020.50297.3029ENAya G.MostafaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptAhmedEl-MekabatyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptMohamed A.HashemDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptMagdaAklDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptJournal Article20201118A newly synthesized ortho-amino thio-phenol modified flax fibers (OATP-MFF) were prepared in two subsequent steps; at first flax fiber was pretreated with sodium periodate. Then the pretreated fibers were condensed with ortho-amino thio-phenol to form the modified flax fiber(OATP-MFF). The OATP-MFF was characterized by (FTIR) Fourier transform infrared spectra, SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The newly synthesized OATP-MFF chelating fibers were utilized for selective separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption methodology. The effects of pH, the initial concentration of metal ions, the adsorbent dosage, the interfering ions and the contact time on the adsorption capacity of OATP-MFF chelating fibers were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(II) at the optimum conditions was 92 mg/g. The adsorption process fitted well the second-order model kinetic of. The chemical (adsorption) reaction is the rate-limiting step that was proved from the kinetic model.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_133606_82266009e1ae1d2496b15e34b011a28b.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Comparative Study between Croton tiglium Seeds and Moringa oleifera Leaves Extracts, after Incorporating Silver Nanoparticles, on Murine Brains1709173113550710.21608/ejchem.2021.53777.3113ENWael M.AboulthanaBiochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618).0000-0002-4848-0731Ahmed M.YoussefPackaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618).0000-0002-6501-6658Mohamed M.SeifToxicology and Food Contaminants Department, Food Industry and Nutrition Division, National Research Center0000-0002-0131-003Noha M.OsmanCell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618).Ram KumarSahuUniversity College of Pharmacy, Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh, Raipur (C.G.), India.0000-0001-5671-6591MohamedIsmaelEnergy and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Egypt.Hatim A.El-BazBiochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618).0000-0003-3156-7870Nagwa I.OmarBiochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt affiliation ID: 60014618.Journal Article20201215Croton tiglium seeds and Moringa oleifera leaves extracts are rich in phytoconstituents with the antioxidant efficiency which can be enhanced by incorporating silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The present study was designed to compare the effect of C. tiglium seeds and M. oleifera leaves nano-extracts on brain tissues of murine models.<br /> During the current study, acetylcholine esterase (ACHE), β-amyloid (Aβ) content and inflammatory markers were measured in brain tissues. Moreover, native protein, lipoprotein and isoenzymes patterns were electrophoretically detected. Also, the interferon-gamma (INF-γ) receptor protein was studied by molecular dynamic simulation to evaluate the significant alterations on brain tissues.<br /> It was found that ACHE, Aβ contents and inflammatory markers increased in the C. tiglium nano-extract treated group at a dose of 6.5 ml/kg. Furthermore, it caused qualitative electrophoretic abnormalities represented by lowering similarity index (SI) values. Also, the resides range 119~127 represent the most reactive and flexible site in INF-γ receptor protein. On the other hand, it was shown that no significant differences were induced by silver M. oleifera nano-extract.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135507_1aadf2ada39024edc9e747fcdfe9e08a.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Innovation and Characterization of a New Multifunctional light weight and low cost construction material from foamed rubber blend1733174213550910.21608/ejchem.2021.54577.3141ENMarwaAbd ElKaderHousing and Building National Research center, Building physics institute, Giza, EgyptEmanTahaDepartment of Petroleum Applications, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, EgyptAsmaaEl DeebHousing and Building National Research center, Building physics institute, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201221New amendment in vulcanization process was used to prepare foamed rubber with enhanced physical properties other than expected and desirable thermal insulation properties. In this work the influence of foaming agent loaded NR/ SBR on thermal conductivity, density, water absorption swelling and mechanical properties was investigated. Different concentrations of foaming agent (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 phr) were added to rubber matrix. The morphology of selected samples was characterized using scan electron microscope (SEM). An experimental investigation was carried out to obtain low cost multifunctional construction material with desirable mechanical and thermal insulation properties. The addition of foaming agent led to a decrease in thermal conductivity and density values until the concentration of 8phr after that their values slightly changed. It was also observed that mechanical properties of blends were improved with the addition of foaming agent. The optimum concentration was found to be 8phr for all measurementshttps://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135509_3db39d67eef94bcea9133dfa8687d29e.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Optimization of The process Factors Affecting Extraction of Uranium from Acidic Solution Using Activated Carbon and Kinetics Studies of The adsorption Process1743175013686810.21608/ejchem.2021.53492.3105ENHany GamalAhmedpilot plant department, Nuclear Materials Authority0000-0002-3126-1364Journal Article20201213Activated carbon exhibits a great potential as an adsorbent because of its favorable physical/chemical surface characteristics. The objective of this research is to investigate the feasibility of activated carbon for the adsorption of uranium from aqueous solutions. All laboratory experiments were conducted at ambient temperature by following a batch adsorption technique. The impact parameters that affect the uranium adsorption such as stirring time, pH of the solution, initial uranium concentration have been optimized. The obtained results indicate that the adsorption is pH dependent. The maximum adsorption capacity of U (VI) took place at pH 5.0 for 60 minutes contact time and initial uranium concentration of 125 ppm. The experimental adsorption data was described using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir adsorption isotherm well with R^2=0.9773. The values of parameters calculated from the kinetic models were best fitted to the pseudo-second order kinetic model, with the correlation coefficient of R^2=0.9810.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_136868_631f7b706c25367fed1f3cb2ee1af2d7.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Cordierite Ceramic Through Glass and Ceramic Routes From Kaolin And Talc1751175813686910.21608/ejchem.2021.53853.3115ENAhmedYahyaGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt0000-0002-9996-2255BaherEl-KaliobyGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptAbdel MonemSoltanGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptSayedKanawy IbrahimRefractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, EgyptEsmatHamzawyGlass Research Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt0000-0002-0984-9911Journal Article20201216Based on kaolin and talc, cordierite was prepared through melt quench and ceramic process of two compositions. The sintering process of ceramics between 1000 and 1300 °C shows mainly the manifestation of cordierite with little ratios of spinel, enstatite, mullite and cristobalite. However, the sintering of their corresponding glasses between 1100 and 1200 °C shows the crystallization of cordierite as the main phases with little cristobalite and spinel. In microstructure, the sintering of ceramic samples gave nano size rounded- or rod- crystals either free or in clusters in glassy matrix but sintering of the corresponding glasses show clear euhedral to subhedral tetragonal to hexagonal crystals in submicron scale that are spread in residual glassy matrix. The density of the sintered ceramic samples was between 1.96 and 2.43 g/cm3 which corresponding to their porosity are between 29.34 and 5.46 % respectively, whereas as density of the sintered glasses were between 1.90 and 2.35 gm/cm3 which corresponding to their porosity between 36.20 and 3,30 % respectively. The sintered glass samples gave low and negative coefficient of thermal expansion values between 6.38 and -9.56 X 10-7 °C-1 (in the range ~ 24 -500 and 700 °C). The microhardness values were between 468 and 577 Kg/mm2. This cordierite ceramic can be used as refractoriness in electric heater supports, such as electric stove or heater cooling plate and ceramic heater base.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_136869_544ba275c537e6bff7541edf82f3b51b.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Development of a nanostructured double-layer coated tablet based on polyethylene glycol/gelatin as a platform for hydrophobic molecules delivery1759176713910310.21608/ejchem.2021.52019.3066ENAliAl-AniUniversity of Baghdad, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-Iraq0000-0003-1597-0344JalalJeberUniversity of Baghdad, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-Iraq0000-0001-6168-3309AliElewiUniversity of Baghdad, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-IraqJournal Article20201202The aim of the current study was to develop a nanostructured double-layer for hydrophobic molecules delivery system. The developed double-layer consisted of polyethylene glycol-based polymeric (PEG) followed by gelatin sub coating of the core hydrophobic molecules containing sodium citrate. The polymeric composition ratio of PEG and the amount of the sub coating gelatin were optimized using the two-level fractional method. The nanoparticles were characterized using AFM and FT-IR techniques. The size of these nano capsules was in the range of 39-76 nm depending on drug loading concentration. The drug was effectively loaded into PEG-Gelatin nanoparticles (≈47%). The hydrophobic molecules-release characteristics in terms of controlled-release duration and dissolution efficiency were examined in various dissolution media, such as physiological pH (7.4) and simulated stomach fluid (3.4). Consequently, the optimized double-layer for hydrophobic molecules delivery system showed a gradual release of hydrophobic molecules in the and in physiological pH, indicating its novelty for using as a platform for hydrophobic molecules delivery.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_139103_98a0ac946a5c2d3fa0a57dd95453e107.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Evaluation of Loratadine Liposomal Gels for Transdermal Treatment1769177613910410.21608/ejchem.2021.52023.3067ENNadia AshourAl-AssadyChemistry Dept., College of Education for pure Science, Basrah University, Iraq0000-0003-4717-5732Journal Article20201205Loratadine is a medication that is indicated for treating allergies. It is taken through the mouth. Side effects include dry mouth, drowsiness, and headache. Liposomes are an advanced formulation to deliver the loratadine and enhance its effectiveness to the target site through the skin while minimizing side effects. Loratadine liposomes were prepared from cholesterol, and lecithin, which are the main components in building liposomes. Different concentrations of both cholesterol and tween 80 have been used. The slow release of loratadine outside the body of the in vitro was studied in the neutral medium within the physiological range (pH = 7.2) and using the ultraviolet spectra at a constant temperature (37 ° C). The effects of cholesterol and tween 80 concentrations in the form of particles and the release of the drug outside the Vivo were studied. It was observed that increasing the concentration of them results in a decrease in the release of the drug. Chitosan was employed as a gel base and three different gel formulations, including loratadine, loratadine liposomal gel (L3G), loratadine liposomal gel with tween 80 (LT3G), and blank chitosan gel plus loratadine (G) were prepared. The results of the cytotoxicity test showed that the studied models were non-toxic.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_139104_f2e261d705eb90036d466f230a325278.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Therapeutic Potentials of Cyclic Peptides as Promising Anticancer Drugs1777178714379610.21608/ejchem.2021.58384.3255ENGaberO. MoustafaPeptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622-Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20210116This review focuses on studying the pharmacological effect of cyclic peptides as anti-cancer drugs. There are many examples which are already used to treat cancer, either directly or in the treatment of episodes associated with cancer tumors. Goserelin acetate; is an anti-cancer drug, trade name Zoladex, is an injectable gonadotropin releasing hormone superagonist. Leuprolide acetate; is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone or luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone analog used in the treatment of hormone-responsive cancers such as prostate cancer or breast cancer. Somatostatin, (SST), is a peptide hormone; the peptide hormone somatostatin regulates the endocrine system, affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones. Octreotide: is a somatostatin mimic, trade name sandostatin, Octreotide is also a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than the natural hormone. On the other hand there are many natural bioactive peptides: derived from different foods represent another source of health-enhancing or cancer fighting compounds. Different studies indicate that it is possible that many of these peptides may be released during digestion in the human stomach or during food processing from various plant and animal proteins, especially milk, soy, and fish proteins, for examples Depsipeptides and Argyrins.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_143796_7d888f9e456cca8eb1ceb27f891d5c2e.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Detection Of Some Hormonal And Enzymatic Disorders Associated To Experimentally Iodine Induced Hyperthyroidism1789179815455110.21608/ejchem.2021.63609.3361ENDoaa SFodaTherapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical Industries and Drug Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Noha EIbrahimMicrobial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210216Aim: This study aimed to observe and report the status and the reaction of the body organs in case of administration of excess iodine. <br /> Materials and methods: Mice were administrated intraperitoneally KI for forty days. <br /> Results showed that the different organs respond to KI administration with different reactions. The thyroid gland expressed a gradual increase in serum thyroid hormones (T4&T3) which was accompanied with a detected significant decrease in serum TSH in addition to an observed histological changes in the thyroid tissue.<br /> Liver was the most apparent organ that was affected by excess KI administration followed by the brain through expressing increasing significant T3 levels in tissues compared to control. On the other hand, the heart and the kidneys tissues displayed non significant decrease in T3 levels. The study evaluated some tissue specific enzymes which showed significant biochemical abnormalities in organs' functions.<br /> Conclusion: Our data detected the features of a subclinical hyperthyroid case and express the initiation of an iodine induced hyperthyroidism pattern.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_154551_818ddae49a1458e32dad15f8f4140bab.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Improving the performance of water-based drilling fluid using amino acid-modified graphene oxide nanocomposite as a promising additive1799180613197810.21608/ejchem.2020.52219.3075ENM.A.BatihaEgyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.M.M.DardirEgyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.H.AbusedaEgyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.N.A.NegmEgyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0002-7999-0179H.E.AhmedEgyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201204It is possible to take advantage of nanomaterials' properties to improve water-based drilling fluids' flux and physical properties. In this paper, glycine methyl ester hydrochloride was synthesized, and the chemical structure was verified to be used as a surface modifier of graphene oxide. At the same time, graphene oxide was prepared from graphite and chlorinated with thionyl chloride, and a nucleophilic substitution reaction was performed to increase the hydrophilicity of graphene oxide. FTIR, Raman, HRTEM, and XRD techniques have identified the prepared and obtained materials from chlorinated graphene oxide's reaction with glycine methyl ester hydrochloride. The glycine-modified graphene oxide (GO) was evaluated as drilling-fluid additives at different concentrations (2.66%, 5.32%, and 10.64%) to enhancement the thermal stability of water-based drilling fluid and reducing the filtration loss. The obtained results confirmed that the successful glycine-modified graphene oxide/bentonite to enhance both thermal stability (up to 350 °F) and filtration loss.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_131978_aaac61db370f6fd87092866deac67d2f.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-2285644202104014-Methylumbelliferone And Its Derived Compounds: A Brief Review Of Their Cytotoxicity1807181615266710.21608/ejchem.2021.59702.3281ENYasser FakriMustafaPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Mosul University, Mosul-41001, Iraq.0000-0002-0926-7428Noora ThamerAbdulazizPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Mosul University, Mosul-41001, Iraq.Mahmood HashimJasimPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Mosul University, Mosul-41001, Iraq.Journal Article20210125Many efforts have been directed toward the isolation of natural products, and using them to synthesize new chemical agents, and explore their cytotoxic attributes. However, finding new chemotherapeutic agents with towering potentials in the terms of high activity and target-selectivity, as well as minimal side effects is still out of hand. To satisfy that, medicinal chemists directed much of their research toward screening the cytotoxic activity of the isolated products and synthetic compounds. One of the most investigated bands of compounds is those belong to coumarin-family. Although most of these family members exhibited characteristic cytotoxic attributes, the compound termed 4-methylumbelliferone and chemically named 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin showed, with its derived compounds, an exceptional activity in cancer therapy. This effect included the ability of these compounds to counteract the mechanisms of the multidrug-tumor resistance, cover the side potentials of the currently used chemotherapeutic drugs, and boost the tumor sensitivity to phototherapy. In this report, we browsed the literature to report the recent advances for the application of 4-methylumbelliferone and its derived compounds as cytotoxic agents and identify the structural requirements for the maximum selectivity versus each cancer-phenotype. The outcomes of this report may help in the direction of research toward designing and synthesizing new 4-methylumbelliferone-derived products exhibiting the best selectivity and green-side potentials.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_152667_89d5cd1ab36863cd2e3da87a4a8f89ba.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Pathogenic Effects of Ethion Residues and the Expected Protective Role of the Ethanolic Extract of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Leaves in Male Rats1817182914728410.21608/ejchem.2021.59950.3282ENHassanAbdel-GawadApplied Organic Chem., Pesticides, NRC0000-0002-6166-1342SolimanSolimanApplied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, EgyptHamdyTahaApplied organic chemistry N R CMohamedAlyDepartment of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, National Research Centre, Egypt0000-0002-9547-9039MoniraA. Abd El Kader3Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, National Research Centre, EgyptBahiraHegaziApplied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, EgyptJournal Article20210126Organophosphate insecticides (OPI) poisoning remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the third world countries. The continuous use of these pesticides tends to leave residues of these pesticides in agricultural crops, which in turn may harm people. The present study aimed to investigate the pathogenic effects of the "ethion" residues and the expected protective role of the ethanolic extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (EER), in adult male rats. Feeding animals with Maize containing ethion residues (4 mg/Kg) caused elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities (Phttps://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147284_2d34479249b20b8627b09a4a0a13fcaa.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401High‑Performance Liquid Chromatography‑Fingerprint Analyses, In vitro Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts of Ceiba speciosa Growing in Egypt1831184315690210.21608/ejchem.2021.58716.3267ENAbdel-Wanes AnterAbdel-AzizTheodor Bilharz Research InstituteNehal MElwanchemistry department, faculty of science, cairo universityMagda AhmedAbdallahdepartment of chemistry, faculty of science, cairo universityRasha ShaabanShaabanBiochemistry department, TBRINadia SayedOsmanmedicinal chemistry, TBRIMona AbelMotegallyMohamedTheodor Bilharz Research InstituteJournal Article20210118ackground: Cancer diseases and microbial resistance are serious health diseases related to oxidative stress and infectious diseases. The risk can be reduced by using plants rich in polyphenols. Methodology: Different solvent extracts from leaves of Ceiba speciosa (C.s) were evaluated for their biological and chemical activities. Also, the chemical profiles were investigated via high‑performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint analyses. Results: the leaves from Ceiba speciosa collected from the Zoo garden in Egypt, showed a moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2 in extracts; petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, while weak-cytotoxicity in butanol, methanol extracts and non-cytotoxicity in water extract. Moreover, high antimicrobial activities were showed within dichloromethane, petroleum ether extracts, while a moderate antimicrobial activities were showed in methanol, ethyl acetate extracts, and low antimicrobial activities were showed in both of butanol and water extracts. On the other side, a strong antioxidant activities were recorded within extracts; dichloromethane and methanol while the least antioxidant activity was recorded within water extract. High performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint analyses is done for all fractions, this finding provides an insight into the usage of the tested species as a source of naturally occurring cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant agentshttps://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_156902_10a143aa432f4221da089dd6860e4f79.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Comparative phytochemical and biological studies of lipoidal matter of Ipomoea tricolor (Cav.) and Ipomoea fistulosa (Mart. Ex Choisy ) growing in Egypt1845185714866510.21608/ejchem.2021.61245.3316ENSehamEl HawaryPharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini Street, Cairo,11562, Egypt.0000-0002-6823Nabaweya AliIbrahimDepartment of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre; 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki –
Giza-Egypt. P.O.12622, ID: 60014618.0000-0001-6252-000xHanan FAlyDeprtment of Therapeutic Chemistry , National Research Centre (NRC),El Behouth St. , P.O.12622. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.0000-0003-3642-1571AzzaMatlobDepartment of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre; 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki –
Giza-Egypt. P.O.12622, ID: 60014618.Magdy MohammedDosokyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre; 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki –
Giza-Egypt. P.O.12622, ID: 60014618.DoaaAbd Elhady DeabesDepartment of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre; 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki –
Giza-Egypt. P.O.12622, ID: 60014618.Nabil MohamedSelimPharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini Street, Cairo,11562, Egypt.Journal Article20210203GC/MS of unsaponifiable matter (USM) of Ipomoea tricolor (Cav.) and Ipomoea fistulosa (Mart. Ex Choisy) leaves were characterized by the identification of 22 and 33 compounds represented (95.88 and 91.82 %), respectively. It composed mainly of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. The GC/MS of fatty acids methyl ester (FAME) led to the identification of 8 and 10 compounds for I. tricolor and I. fistulosa, respectively. Linolenic and palmatic acids were found as the predominant fatty acids. On the other hand, the petroleum erher extract of I. tricolor was fractionated on column chromatography to yield major compounds; 5-phenyldecane and 4-phenyldecane, as well as, triterpenes including β-amyrin, lupeol and simiarenol, in addition to α- amyrin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and α- amyrin acetate which isolated for the first time from this species. The petroleum ether extracts of I. tricolor and I. fistulosa showed a significant increase in DPPH inhibition activity at 0.01 and 0.05 ug/ml, respectively. Furthermore, I. tricolor extract exhibited a significant increase in cholinesterase inhibition activity at concentration 20 ug/ml and a significant anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 117.4µg/ml.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148665_bc4b8681a9932dde70c2d26e0ce7c0d2.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401RANTES as a novel biomarker for atherogenic dyslipidemia and metabolic disturbances in patients with Type 2 Diabetes1859186514062110.21608/ejchem.2021.55814.3177ENMoushiraZakiBiological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.0000-0002-5853-0050SanaaKamalBiological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Hala TEl-BassyouniClinical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Mona Abd Elmotaleb A.HusseinInternal Medicine National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, EgyptHend M.TawfeekInternal Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University- GirlsMina WassefGirgissMedical Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptNadiaAhmedMedical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt0000-0001-9151-5920Hisham A. AzizOrbanMedical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptAmrIbrahimMedical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptEmanYounessMedical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201230RANTES (Regulated upon Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and presumably Secreted) is a chemokine engaged in the pathophysiology of diabetes type 2 (T2DM), related cardiovascular complications, dyslipidemia and hypertension that are major modifiable risk factors of T2DM. VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) plays a role in diabetic vascular complications. Atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) is a lipid aberration defined as the incidence of raised triglycerides (TG) and dimished high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and associated with residual cardiovascular risk. However, the association between chemokine and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic disturbances is still unclear, and few data are available. The aim of this study was to estimate serum RANTES, serum lipid composition, VEGF, and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with T2DM and elucidate their relationship in a sample of Egyptian premenopausal women. Serum level of RANTES, VEGF, lipids and body composition were assessed in 100 premenopausal women with T2DM (mean age 35 years old) and 100 healthy controls. Significant increase in serum RANTES level and VEGF was observed in T2DM compared to the control group. Positive correlations between elevated RANETS and increased values of VEGF, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass, LDL-C, TG, total cholesterol and presence of MS were observed in T2DM patients. Elevated RANTES concentration is associated with AD risk, abnormal metabolic components and VEGF levels. This study pinpoints the importance of RANTES as a novel biomarker for dyslipidemia and metabolic disturbance in T2DM patients.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140621_5e1b7eb993f78d4057eff99fd25425ac.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Ionic Liquid as Water Soluble and Potential Inhibitor for Corrosion and Microbial Corrosion for Iron Artifacts1867187613550310.21608/ejchem.2021.43786.2887ENAshraf MEl-ShamyPhysical chemistry department0000-0003-3672-509XMohamed M.Abdel BarConservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Damietta University, Damietta El-Gadeeda City, Damietta Governorate, 34511, EgyptJournal Article20200922The interactions between the metal and its environment are responsible for the electrochemical reactions leading to corrosion. To avoid further degradation and in general the appearance of corrosion products, a corrosion inhibitor must be applied on the metallic surface to reduce or prevent the corrosion of exposed metal in a corrosive environment. Corrosion inhibitors are one of the different methods used by conservation-restoration professionals to preserve metallic cultural heritage. The present case study is concerned with preserve and controls the corrosion of the iron entrance door/gate of the clock tower of Muhammad Ali mosque at Salah Ed-din Cairo citadel, Egypt, which was erected in 1845 AD, by using an environmentally friendly Corrosion inhibitor. This inhibitor is of attentiveness since there has been a growth in ecological consciousness and a variation in guidelines that control the toxicity of systematic corrosion inhibitors. So, the natural products are becoming the main source of environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors. Furthermost their extracts comprising the required features of the traditional corrosion inhibitors such as oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. These elements are contributed to the adsorption process on the metal surfaces and arrangement of a protective layer, which shields the metal surface against environmental corrosion. Progress of green chemical knowledge compromises a new artificial approach for ionic liquids. These compounds are well-thought-out as new safe corrosion inhibitors which act in different corrosive conditions. Finally, applications of vapor-phase inhibitors and their role of action are recommended in the protection of iron windows under study.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135503_0858a0c658f4192a6dd18b9f91027052.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401An Eco-Friendly Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsification Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction of Nickel in Environmental Samples Coupled with Spectrophotometry1877188813550610.21608/ejchem.2021.51117.3047ENEl SayedAbo TalebChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMagedAntoniousChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.RagaaEl SheikhProfessor of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, EgyptAhmed OYoussefChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAymanGoudaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt0000-0001-5967-4585Journal Article20201129A new, simple, rapid, sensitive and environmentally friendly ultrasound-assisted emulsification dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UAE-DLLME) has been developed for trace nickel Ni(II) separation and preconcentration in environmental samples prior to spectrophotometric determination. The proposed method based on using non-ionic water-soluble surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) as a disperser solvent and tetrachloroethylene as an extractive solvent. A 6-(1,3-thiazolylazo)-2-nitrophenol (TANP) as complexing agent was used for complexation of Ni(II) at pH 7.0. The influence of various variables on the performance of the UAE-DLLME method was optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the rage of 1.0-300 μg L-1. The detection and quantitation limits of the method were determined as 0.3 and 1.0 μg L-1, respectively. The preconcentration factor and enhancement factor were obtained as 60 and 45. Relative standard deviation (RSD %) as precision at 100 and 200 µg L-1 of Ni(II) were 1.4 and 2.1%, respectively (n=10). The validation of the developed method was proved by analysis of certified reference materials. Finally, the developed UAE-DLLME microextraction method was applied to preconcentrate and determine of trace levels of Ni(II) in real water, food and tobacco samples with satisfactory results.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135506_270913b498e960659e6b4e0700314f43.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Age-Dependent Health Risk Assessment for Radon Concentrations from Drinking Water Available in the Iraqi Markets1889189514353610.21608/ejchem.2021.55039.3150ENNabeel A.KadhimMinistry of Education, Najaf Education Office, Najaf, IraqAbdullah S.iMdekilMinistry of Education, General Directorate for Wasit Education, Wasit, IraqHawraa H.AbbasPhysics Department, Collage of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, IraqAli A.AbojassimPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq0000-0001-5950-5220Journal Article20201224Radon is occurring naturally, odorless, colorless, radioactive, tasteless, and a noble gas. It is the second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking in many countries. The rate of lung cancers attributable to radon is estimated to range from 3 to 14%. The dose exposure relation is linear, i.e. the risk of lung cancer increases proportionally with increasing radon exposure. So, it is necessary to measure radon concentrations in the drinking water that is of direct contact with human life and health. The study included measurement of radon (222Rn) concentrations in some selected samples of drinking water (bottled water) are available in the Iraqi market. 222Rn concentrations have been measured the usage of alpha spectroscopy (RAD-7). The RAD-7 measuring process is based on detecting alpha particles produced from the disintegration of radon and its products using a solid-state alpha detector (usually silicon), and then converting alpha radiation directly to an electrical signal. The annual effective dose and lifetime cancer risk in six age groups (3 months, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, 15 years and adult) associated with the exposure due to an annual intake of 222Rn were calculated. Results show that the average value of radon concentrations in drinking water samples was ranged from 28.4±2.7 mBq/L to 283±0.34 mBq/L. Also, it is found the average value of annual effective dose in unit µSv/y for six age groups were 0.48±0.08, 0.62±0.11, 0.18±0.03, 0.22±0.04, 0.37±0.06, and 0.27±0.05, respectively. The average value of lifetime cancer risk in same age groups were (17.99±3.26, 31.13±5.65, 46±8.37, 107.33±19.41, 276.5±50, and 926.33±168)×10-9 respectively. The results of 222Rn concentrations in the present study were found lower than the data of the recommended reference WHO 2008 (500 mBq/L or Bq/m3). Also, the results showed that the annual effective dose from drinking water exhaustion in six age groups were found lower than the permitted limit of (1mSv) suggested by UNSCEAR 2000. As well as, values of lifetime cancer risk were within the accepted level (10-3). Therefore, there are no indications of significant threat from radon concentrations in bottled water brands, and it is safe as far as a health risk is concerned.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_143536_bf0d1b91465b996a0b32522df2b7661f.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Comparative Evaluation of Some By-products in Snacks: The influence on Volatiles Profile and Lessening Aflatoxins Formation1897190913315010.21608/ejchem.2020.52472.3086ENAhmed SHusseinFood Technology Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0001-6297-3439Gamil EIbraheimChemistry of Flavour &amp; Aroma Department, National Research Centerhttps://orcid.org/00Ahmed NoahBadr33 A El Behooth st., Dokki0000-0002-5588-6545Journal Article20201207Snacks are routine light-food, consumed between meals by children or adults. It is important to enhance their safety properties and shelf life, without losing the acceptability. This investigation aimed to achieve that, using a modified rice straw (MRS), stabilized rice bran (SRB), and barley bran (BB) to substitute wheat flour (WF) in functional snacks. The microbiological-safety impact of substituted materials and their aflatoxins-prevention were evaluated. Antifungal properties against toxigenic fungi were arranged to descend as MRS>SRB> BB. Organoleptic characteristics were significantly decreased at a higher SRB and MRS substitution-values. The best snacks-acceptability was recorded for a 10% substitution ratio. Therefore, volatiles content was identified using GC-MS analysis at 10 % substituted snack. The most predominant volatiles were 2,3-butanedione, 3-methyl butanal, and 2-methyl butanal by concentrations of 26.84%, 11.48%, and 7.94%, respectively in control snacks. These volatiles activities are explaining degradation of aflatoxin-secretion.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_133150_a2f29e5853e6c5e4af3c4ecdbf18bee0.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Effect of Elevated Temperatures on The Performance of Metakaolin Geopolymer Pastes Incorporated by Cement Kiln Dust1911192614036910.21608/ejchem.2021.50848.3041ENNourhanKassemFaculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University,
Asmaa Fahmi St Al Golf, Nasr City, Cairo, 11566, Egypt0000-0002-8164-7599DoaaAhmedFaculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University,
Asmaa Fahmi St Al Golf, Nasr City, Cairo, 11566, EgyptEssamKisharFaculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University,
Asmaa Fahmi St Al Golf, Nasr City, Cairo, 11566, EgyptJournal Article20201126The aim of the present work was to study the influence of elevated temperatures on the thermal behavior of geopolymer cements based on the incorporation of metakaolin with cement kiln dust. Geopolymer composites were synthesized by partially substituted metakaolin (MK) with 0, 20, 30 and 40 wt% of cement kiln dust (CKD). The mixture of liquid sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was used as alkaline activator solution with fixed ratio 2.5 and the concentration of sodium hydroxide was 10 Molar. The obtained geopolymer specimens were cured in water at ambient temperature (25°C) for 28 days and then subjected to various elevated temperatures 200°C, 400°C, 600°C and 800°C for 1hour. Geopolymer cements were characterized before and after temperature exposure via visual appearance, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and the compressive strength test. Some selected samples were investigated by using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG).The results show that, all geopolymer specimens loss their compressive strength from ambient temperature to 400°C, this is due to the escape of moisture and dehydroxylation of aluminosilicate gel from the geopolymer matrix. However, geopolymer samples gained strength upon heating to 600°C as a result of further polymerization of unreacted silicate species. At 800°C, the geopolymer mix with 20% CKD retained highest strength and thermal stability than other mixes due to viscous sintering process which induced crack healing thus enhanced the mechanical properties of geopolymer under high temperature. This suggests that geopolymer paste that contains 80%MK and 20% CKD can withstand high temperature as well as very suitable for refractory and fire resistance applications.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140369_540c3548bfc44aec5444679d0500e321.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Experimental Study for The Carbon Steel Corrosion Mitigation Effect of the Prepared Trimeric Cationic Surfactant in 1M HCl1927193914061610.21608/ejchem.2021.51558.3060ENN.El BasionyEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, EgyptS. A.SadeekChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptA.RedaQarun Petroleum Company (QPC), EgyptM.MigahedEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20201204Newly synthesized trimeric cationic surfactant namely; N,N'-(((2-(2-((1-(dodecyldimethylammonio)propan-2-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxysuccinyl) bis(oxy))bis(propane-2,1-diyl))bis(N,N-dimethyldodecan-1-aminium) bromide; (ADPC12) and its chemical structure has been certain by FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopic analysistechniques. Gravimetric and electrochemical testes suggested the inhibition affinity of the prepared tested compound. Tafel curves suggested that the tested ADPC12 acted as mixed-type effective inhibitor. The inhibitor efficiency increased by increasing the inhibitor concentration, reaching 90.03% at 1x10-4M. The inhibitor behavior study of ADPC12 is returned in to its adsorption affinity and follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Surface morphology study verified the adsorption of ADPC12 on X-65 steel surface. Thermodynamic activation parameters were calculated and discussed thoroughly.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140616_c4d68113a15d0e23ce70798b737a7f0a.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Novel Homo-and Co-polymers Based on 7-Methacryloyloxy-4-methylcoumarin: Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity, Pour-Point Depressants and Their Effects on the Rheology of the Waxy Crude Oil1941195514118910.21608/ejchem.2021.56228.3206ENAhmed M. K.HefnyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University; Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, A. R. EgyptAshrafAshmawyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), AL-Azhar University, 11884, A. R. Egypt0000-0002-8006-7605Samia R.ElazabawyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University; Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, A. R. EgyptAmiraAbdallahDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University; Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, A. R. Egypt0000-0002-6773-3634El Sayed M.ElnaggarDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), AL-Azhar University, 11884, A. R. EgyptJournal Article20210102This study aimed to synthesize new polymeric additives including homo- and co-polymers based on 4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl methacrylate monomer and evaluating their activity as potential antimicrobials and as pour-point depressants for modification of waxy crude oil rheology. The resultant compounds were characterized by their IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral data. The formation of the new polymers, namely, poly(7-methacryloyloxy-4-methylcoumarin) [poly(MAOMC)] homo-polymer, poly(7-methacryloyloxy-4-methylcoumarin-co-vinylacetate) [poly(MAOMC)-co-(VA)] and poly(7-methacryloyloxy-4-methylcoumarin-co- octadecyl 4-(methacryloyloxy)benzoate) [poly(MAOMC)-co-(OMAOB)] co-polymers was based on free radical polymerization. The polymerization reaction was carried at 70±2°C using 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator and dimethylformamide (DMF)/toluene as a solvent in the case of homo-polymer [poly(MAOMC)] and co-polymer [poly(MAOMC)-co-(VA)], while polymerization proceeds at the same temperature by using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator and toluene as a solvent in the case of co-polymer [poly(MAOMC)-co-(OMAOB)] <br /><br />The activities of the resultant compounds as potential antibacterial agents were evaluated against the two Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus), the four Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimrium) bacterial strains, and as antifungal agents against two fungal species (Aspergillus flavus and Candids albicans). The results showed that MAOMC monomer and poly(MAOMC)-co-(OMAOB) copolymer indicated moderate potent activity towards the bacterial and fungal strains used. At the other extreme, the influence of coumarin and octadecyl benzoate based compounds on the pour-point depression and on the rheological properties of crude oil with low asphaltene content was studied. The results indicated that all three polymers exhibited very good efficiency as additives to improve the flow-ability of the tested crude oil. Moreover, the poly(MAOMC)-co-(OMAOB) co-polymer was found to exhibit the highest performance to reduce and depress the pour-point of the tested crude oil and decrease the viscosity to a large extent due to the presence of two aromatic units with the long aliphatic carbon chain in its structure.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_141189_4cc4c2fbfa3b3b8a8954a2597ef56f33.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Development of a methodology for the study of polymer wound coatings for application characteristics1957196413407110.21608/ejchem.2020.34370.2718ENUrkimbayevaP.I.Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040 Almaty, KazakhstanKoshkinbayevZh.B.National Scientific Center of Surgery named after A.N. Syzganov, 050004 Almaty, KazakhstanGuzelAbilovaFaculty of Chemistry, al-Farabi Kazakh National University0000-0002-0028-4598KenessovaZ.A.Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040 Almaty, KazakhstanArailymYessirkepovaDepartment of chemistry and technology of organic matters, natural compounds and polymers, Faculty of chemistry and chemical technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakstan0000-0003-4092-3793SamenovaN.O.Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040 Almaty, KazakhstanLyazzatBekbayevaAsfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Department of Engineering disciplines, 88 Tole bi St., Almaty, Kazakhstan0000-0002-0804-1259Journal Article20200701This paper reports a research methodology for characterizing wound dressings in order to assess the application properties of medical devices as a whole. Wound dressing was based on grafting polymerization of N-vinyl caprolactam and 2-hydoxyethyl acrylate on polyvinyl alcohol. The obtained copolymer was characterized by FTIR. Cross-linked films of wound dressings were obtained by radiation treatment of the copolymers. The physico-mechemical properties of wound dressings were investigated. Testing included degree of swelling, elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. The radiation doses of the reaction affected physico-mechanical properties of wound dressings. As the dose of radiation increased, the yield of gel increased, degree of swilling and tensile strength decreased. Also, the results indicated that the yield of the crosslinked fraction increases, and the swelling capacity of polymer mesh decreases with increasing 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate content in the graft copolymerhttps://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_134071_c939ca63000d509ede44afefc352405f.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Distribution of Some Potentially Toxic Heavy Metals in The Soil of Shoubra El Kheima, Egypt1965198013887010.21608/ejchem.2021.55038.3149ENRandaOsmanGeological Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptAhmedMelegyGeological Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-5207-3821YehiaDawoodGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAhmedGadGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20201224This study aims to detect the effect of industrialization and urbanization on the soil content of some potentially toxic heavy metals. The soil of Shoubra El Kheima was considered one of the most fertile soils in the Nile Delta, Egypt. Forty samples from this soil were texturally categorized and chemically analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The data were treated statistically and by geographic information system technique. The agricultural soils in the study area are mainly classified as clayey soil, whereas urban and industrial soil samples are varied in their classification from clayey to loamy sand. As, Cd and Zn in the soil exceed the maximum permissible limits whereas, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb are within the permissible limit except for some samples. The obtained data show that the concentrations of Cu, As, Zn, Pb, Ni and Cr increase in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the study area. Urbanization, agricultural practices, and the atmospheric deposition from the different industrial activities are thought to be the main anthropogenic sources of heavy metals contamination in the study area.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_138870_65ffef16f74b2fa09ffe8f3bb8d986c6.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Effect of Crosslinker Amount on Properties of Poly Phenylacrylamide Gels1981198714138210.21608/ejchem.2021.44316.2900ENNoor AmerAbedDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science of Women, University of Baghdad, 10071 Al Jadria, Baghdad, IraqAmeen HadiMohammedDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science of Women, University of Baghdad, 10071 Al Jadria, Baghdad, IraqAminu MusaMusaDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Dutsin-Ma Road, P.M.B 2218, Katsina 820001, NigeriaJournal Article20200929The monomer phenyl acrylamide was synthesized by reacting acrylamide with chloro benzene in the presence of pyridine. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to characterize the resulting monomer. High conversion poly phenyl acrylamide (PPAM) containing 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt % (in conversion to mass of PPAA) of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) as crosslinker have been successfully synthesized. The effect of MBAA percentage on swelling parameters, clarity, mechanical and thermal properties of the prepared xerogels and hydrogels were studied. 1.5 wt % of MBAA is required to obtain clear xerogels and hydrogels. The water content (EWC), volume fraction of polymer (φ2) and weight loss during swelling decrease with increasing MBAA content. Young’s and shear modulus (E and G) increase as MBAA content increases, the values of E and G are 0.661–3.878 MPa and 0.423–2.588 MPa, respectively. The hydrogels were characterized in terms of modulus crosslinking density (ve and vt) and polymer-solvent interaction parameters (χ). The results are 0.252–0.661 mol/dm3 for ve, 0.211–0.541 mol/dm3 for vt, and 0.813–0.987 for χ. Thermal properties of polymers enhance (Tg increase) by adding MBAA. These types of polymers and their hydrogels possess new properties with potential uses in different medical applications.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_141382_75766d1c9841fb52a1ad54c0229843e6.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Inhibition of COVID-19 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase by Natural Bioactive Compounds: Molecular Docking Analysis.1989200114291210.21608/ejchem.2021.45739.2947ENNourhanAbdoFood Technology Department, City of Scientific Research and Technological ApplicationsOlfatMoheyeldinDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria UniversityMohamed GShehataCity of Scientific Research andTechnological Applications0000-0003-0760-5945SobhyEl Sohaimy1. Food Technology, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Borg El Arab, Alex., Egypt.
2. Department of Technology and Orginization of Public Catering, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsh, Russia0000-0002-1657-5162Journal Article20201013Currently, no approved treatment for COVID-19 exists. However, phenolic compounds exhibit antiviral activity. This study aimed to evaluate the activities of polyphenolic compounds (gallic acid, quercetin, caffeine, resveratrol, naringenin, benzoic acid, oleuropein, and ellagic acid) as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (PDB ID 6M71) inhibitors. Molecular docking simulations of these polyphenols were performed using Autodock 4.0 and Chimera 1.8.1. Druglikeness and pharmacokinetic properties were calculated using the SWISSADME prediction website. Remdesivir and ribavirin were used for comparison. The docking analysis results, ranked by the binding energy value (ΔG) of the tested ligands toward SARS-CoV-2 polymerase, were remdesivir > gallic acid > quercetin > caffeine > ribavirin > resveratrol > naringenin > benzoic acid > oleuropein > ellagic acid, with binding energies of −8.51, −7.55, −7.17, −6.10, −6.01, −5.79, −5.69, −5.54, −4.94, and −4.59 kcal/mol, respectively. All tested polyphenols were predicted to form hydrogen bonds with one or two of the nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) entry channels at ARG 553, ARG 555, or LYS 545, except caffeine and oleuropein, which may influence the entry of substrate and divalent cations into the central active site cavity, thereby inhibiting enzyme activity. It appears promising that gallic acid and quercetin exhibited higher binding affinity than ribavirin toward the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase and expressed good druglikeness and pharmacokinetic properties. Additionally, resveratrol, naringenin, and benzoic and ellagic acids exhibited some efficacy as potential polymerase inhibitors. Further research is required to investigate the potential uses of these polyphenols in the treatment of COVID-19.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_142912_a2420b3c13984e080983e6cdf9f172e1.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Emission rates of pollutants from Ready Mix Concrete plants in Cairo, Egypt2003201213550410.21608/ejchem.2021.47757.2976ENInasSalehAir Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research
Centre, Giza, Egypt0000-0003-0791-1475AtefMohammedAir Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research
Centre, Giza, Egypt0000-0002-2930-0168Journal Article20201026Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) plants mix cement, sand, aggregates and water to produce a ready-to-use material. In the present study, pollutants emitted from RMC plants as particulate matter (TSP, PM10 and PM2.5), and gaseous pollutants (CO, NO2, SO2, H2S and VOC) were monitored at working areas from five RMC Plants in Cairo, Egypt, during 2019. The mean concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 during different processes in RMC plants were 0.28-3.23 mg/m3, 0.11-1.45 mg/m3 and 0.07-0.64 mg/m3, respectively. The total emissions rate of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 from RMC plants were 0.78-1.42 g/s, 0.24-0.43 g/s and 0.03-0.06 g/s, respectively. Higher emission rates of gases were recorded at plants with higher working hours, higher generator consumption of diesel and higher equipment consumption of diesel. Finally, result shows that the main sources of PM and gaseous pollutants in RMC plants are mixer process, truck movement on unpaved roads and using generators. Recommendation for RMC plant are: it should be cover storage areas; use water sprayer system for loading sand and aggregates; use control system at mixer area; and roads inside RMC plant should be paved and washed every day.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135504_5d82326548335a58fb94472dbedd33fe.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Electro-reduction, Quantification and Pharmacokinetic Studies for the Anti-Hyperglycemic Drug Glibenclamide Using Stripping Voltammetric method: Development and Validation2013202413197510.21608/ejchem.2020.49056.3004ENMonaEl-AttarHigh Institute of Engineering &Technology, 31739 Tanta, Egypt.https://orcid.org/00MohamedGhoneimAnalytical Chemistry Research Unit, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityJournal Article20201107The electrochemical behavior of anti-hyperglycemic (glibenclamide, GBC) was investigated and discussed at HMDE in Britton-Robinson universal buffer using cyclic voltammetry. Its voltammogram at pH values 6-11 displayed a quasi-reversible redox couple one-electron peak corresponding to a catalytic hydrogen process. Based on this voltammetric peak, a validated and sensitive SW-AdCS voltammetric method was depicted for determination of GBC in the bulk form, diabetic drug (Daonil 5 mg) and in human serum. The (LOD) of 6×10-9 M (2.964 ng mL1) and (LOQ) of 2×108 M (9.88 ng mL1) bulk GBC were achieved, respectively, While for protein-free GBC-spiked human serum were (LOD) of 1.5x10-8 M (7.41 ng mL-1) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5x10-8 M (24.7 ng mL-1), respectively. The described analytical method was utilized to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of GBC in plasma of hospitalized volunteers after the administration of a single oral dose of Daonil 5 mg (p 0.05).https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_131975_d25a49cc6e3faea08f0143f946777aaa.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Biodegradation of Some PAHs by a Locally-Isolated Strain of Actinomycetes2025203613944410.21608/ejchem.2021.52241.3077ENImanSelimMicrobiology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptMohamed HassaninElgammalOrganic Pollutants Lab., RCFF, ARC, Giza, EgyptOlfat SayedBarakatMicrobiology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptAziz MohamedHigazyMicrobiology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201204Samples from the River Nile, the Mediterranean, and the Red Sea were chemically and microbiologically evaluated. The chemical analysis proved that cations and anions concentrations were of higher values in seawater samples in comparison with those of the Nile water. The microbiological analysis showed that Cairo University Nile Bus Station samples (GCB-19) recorded the increased total viable microbial counts (1.6x104 CFU/ml). Total coliforms highest counts were analyzed in GCB-19 samples (110 cells/ml), whereas fecal coliforms highest counts (15 cells/ml) were recorded in Cairo University Nile Bus Station samples (GCB-17) and (GCB-19). PAHs were determined in the collected samples using GC/MS. Seawater samples had increased concentrations of PAHs in comparison with River Nile water ones. Fluorene was the major PAH in all water samples, for it ranged from 25 to 50 ppt. An actinomycetes isolate from the collected samples underwent molecular identification through the pair-wise alignment of its 16S rDNA sequence with sequences in the database. It was indicated that it was identical to Streptomyces macrosporeus with a 98.65% homology sequence. Streptomyces macrosporeus was examined for degradation efficiency of 0.1, 0.05, 0.025, and 0.0125 ppm of PAHs standard mix and 200 ppm of naphthalene, fluorene, and anthracene, individually for 5 days/37 ֩C. It degraded all the detectable concentrations of the chemicals in the PAHs standard mix except for some non-degradable traces of naphthalene. Furthermore, it degraded naphthalene, fluorene and anthracene individually with a percentage of 99.99%, 94.88%, and 96.33%, respectively. Thus, the results of the current study reflected the biodegradation capability of Streptomyces macrosporeus for different PAHs.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_139444_ff8b133a2cdf08788588aec0b3c54202.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Utilization of Grape and Apricot Fruits By-products as Cheap Source for Biologically Active Compounds for Health Promotion2037204513550810.21608/ejchem.2021.54427.3132ENDoha AbdouMohamedNutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-0606-9378IbrahimHamedNutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-1995-4811ShaimaaMohammedNutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-3463-8945Journal Article20201221The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of nutraceuticals prepared from apricot kernel and grape seeds extracts. Different bioactive compounds were determined in the prepared nutraceuticals (total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, β-carotene, phytosterols and fatty acids). Acute toxicity of these nutraceuticals was evaluated. Apricot kernel showed the highest content of protein and fat, while grape seeds were rich in carbohydrates. Apricot kernel nutraceutical (AKN) showed the highest content of hydrocarbons, while grape seeds nutraceutical (GSN) showed the highest phytosterol content. Stigmasterol was the major phytosterol present in both nutraceuticals. Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the major unsaturated fatty acids present in AKN and GSN, respectively. GSN showed the highest content of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, while AKN showed the highest content of β-carotene (2.91mg/100g). GSN showed the highest antioxidant activity in all the studied methods (DPPH, reducing power and ferric thiocynate) compared with apricot kernel nutraceutical. Both nutraceuticals showed anti-cancer activity against liver carcinoma cells (HEPG2), breast cancer cells (MCF7) and lung cell cancer (H460). GSN was the most promising in all types of cancer cells. GSN showed complete safety, while AKN was completely safe up to 6 g/kg mice body weight.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135508_9caf7667504668dd50c06afbd4f4e092.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401A Novel RP – HPLC Analytical Method Development and Validation of Fulvestrant Injection as per ICH Guidelines2047205513687110.21608/ejchem.2021.56503.3215ENSomsubhraGhoshBiju Pattanayak University of Technology, Rourkela-769004, Odisha, IndiaSudipMandalDr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and AHS, Durgapur-713206, West Bengal, Indiaorcid.org/0000-0003-TathagataRoyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj road, Kolkata- 700109, IndiaB. V. V.RavikumarRoland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Under Biju Pattanayak University of Technology, Rourkela-769004), Odisha, IndiaJournal Article20210104In this present project, a novel, Reverse Phase - High Performance Liquid Chromatographic analytical method was developed for determination of Fulvestrant Injection, which is fast & economical too. Retention time of Fulvestrant was at 21 minutes, which quite fast by using the Zorbax XDB C18; 150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5, column as stationary phase with mobile phase consisted of a mixture of Mobile phase –A: Water, Acetonitrile and Methanol (410:320:270), Mobile phase-B: Acetonitrile, Methanol and Water (490:410:100) in a gradient elution and at a flow rate of 2 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 225 nm in HPLC. Newly developed method shows linearity in the range of 80-120 μg/ml & correlation co-efficient for this method was found to be 0.999. The accuracy studies showed % recovery of Fulvestrant injection, was in the range 99.7-102 % in the newly developed method. Validation parameters were within the permitted limits so this method was found to be precise, accurate and specific. Present method is better in terms of economical aspect, easy to perform & is very much specific towards the targeted drug, which is evidenced from the validation parameter. So this unique method can be efficiently employed for determination of Fulvestrant in commercial products, economically.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_136871_e810100a432336dc54da396e28e3e128.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401News Print from Corn Stalk Fiber: Industrial and commercial Trials2057206513407210.21608/ejchem.2020.47522.2971ENMamduhNassarChemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mania University, EgyptEbrahiemEbrahiemChemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mania University, EgyptHishamSherifChemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mania University, EgyptMohamedAliTechniacl Managing Director in Misr- Edfu for pulp and paper Co. Egypt.Journal Article20201024Abstract<br /> The chemical composition of corn stalk as well as fiber morphology, fiber length and diameter were carried out. Furthermore, Kraft pulping process using different cooking conditions (temperature, 125 – 170ºC, time, 15 - 40 min., and % alkali 9 - 12%) were done at laboratory scale. The obtained pulps were characterized with respect to %yield, %rejects, kappa number and rest alkali. Effect of chemical composition of corn stalk on yield and kappa number was discussed.<br /> The mechanical properties of hand sheet paper were explained in details, according to different cooking conditions. The high ash content and the relatively short fiber of corn stalk can attribute to positive effect with respect to bulk, opacity and the necessary strength of paper which are important properties in newspaper. <br /> Industrial trials were carried out using Pandia continuous digester(74 tons corn stalk kraft pulp was produced) and 90 tons newsprint paper (furnish: 86.5% bleached corn stalk pulp + 13.5 bleached soft wood pulp) was obtained using Furdirinier paper machine. The produced newsprint was printed and commercialized by four famous newsprint companies in Cairo – Egypt (about twenty tons for each).<br /> Comparison with the imported newsprint paper was done, the produced newsprint has better qualities with respect to opacity, and strength properties. Findings from industrial and commercialized trials in this study provide insights into new opportunities to utilize corn stalk pulp as better alternative to produce good quality of newsprint.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_134072_d36bd6f16e3ba461411f86cdb673b2b5.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Aescin Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Potassium Dichromate In Rat: Involvement of TLR 4/ TNF-α Pathway2067207414576010.21608/ejchem.2021.57553.3237ENAbeerSalamapharmacology, NRC0000-0001-9870-5583HebaElmaltbiochemistry, NRCJournal Article20210112Acute kidney injury (AKI) exhibited more than 1 million deaths every year worldwide; inflammation has a vital role in AKI development and considered as a risk factor in its progression. Aescin is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory vasoconstrictor and vasoprotective effects. The current study aimed to assess Aescin’s possible renal protective and therapeutic effect on potassium dichromate (PD)-induced AKI in rats. Single injection of PD was causing AKI (15 mg/kg; s.c). Rats were divided randomly into four groups. Group I: Normal control. Group II: Rats injected with PD and served as AKI group. Group III: Rats received a daily injection of Aescin for 2 weeks (3.6 mg/Kg; orally), prior PD injection and group IV after PD injection. Kidney functions, kidney contents of inflammatory and proliferative markers as toll-like receptor4 (TLR4), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were estimated. In addition, histopathological examination was performed. Aescin improves kidney functions, alleviated inflammatory and proliferative markers and ameliorated hyaline materials in the Bowman's space and necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules that induced by PD. The present study confirmed the effectiveness of use of Aescin in AKI protection or treatment.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145760_5b6f1c25c16640b1c22aa7a6bb073382.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Synthesis of Dibenzofuran Derivatives Possessing Anti-bacterial Activities2075209315691210.21608/ejchem.2021.65297.3398ENGaberO. MoustafaPeptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622-Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20210226Dibenzofuran (DBF) are typical heterocyclic aromatic compounds (O-HETs), which can coexist with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in combustion and pyrolysis conditions. In this review, Emphasis has already been placed on the reports on synthesis of dibenzofuran derivatives with possessing anti-bacterial activities. It is not a comprehensive discussion of all such compounds, but is instead intended to illustrate the range of anti-bacterial activity possessed by such compounds, the variety of sources from which they can be synthesized, and the various synthetic methods by which they can be prepared. Compounds with reduced benzene rings (such as morphine and its derivatives) are not included in this review, nor are compounds in which an aromaticity is disrupted by alkylation, as with usnic acid.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_156912_cadd701e76707e87ada72a59cd3b1a48.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Functionalization of Magnetic-Chitosan Nanocomposite for Enhancing Th(IV) Ions Sorption2095211113550510.21608/ejchem.2021.50311.3031ENSaid EissaMohamadyuranium ore processing, Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201119Designing new chelating sorbents for the sorption of thorium as (Th4+) has become an impending challenge. This study describes a simple one-pot in situ co-precipitation method was used to synthesize a multifunctional magnetic-chitosan nanocomposite core-shell for enhanced Th4+ ions sorption from aqueous solutions. The synthesized biosorbent was well characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, XRD, pHzpc, TEM, VSM and elemental analysis. The sorption behavior of magnetic-chitosan nanocomposite (R-I) is systematically compared to the performance of functionalized magnetic-chitosan nanocomposite (R-II). The magnetic nanocomposites sizes around 25.0 nm. The grafting of methylene phosphonic groups on chitosan increased Th4+ sorption efficiency. Maximum sorption capacities reach 89.7 and 142.3 mg Th g−1 for R-I, and R-II sorbents, respectively at pH 3.5. Kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic behaviors of Th4+ ions sorption into the synthesized nanocomposite from an aqueous solution were studied in detail. The studies showed that the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order model gave a better description for the sorption process. The sorption is spontaneous, endothermic and controlled by entropic change. EDTA solutions (0.25 M) can be efficiently used for metal recovery and sorbent can be recycled for at least 5 cycles without significant loss in sorption/desorption performances.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_135505_5a25eb43e76552e4e8945b6ac6867b30.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Using organic compounds for Fluorescence Photoactivation2113212614576410.21608/ejchem.2021.57807.3242ENSherifRagabPhotochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division,
National Research Centre (NRC), El behouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt0000-0003-0474-4755Journal Article20210112Fluorescence microscopy is an essential analytical tool in the biomedical laboratory to investigate cells and tissues. Diffraction, however, limits the resolution of this imaging technique to the submicron scale. As a result, the factors regulating biological processes and structures at the molecular level cannot be appreciated with conventional fluorescence microscopy. The photoswitchable luminescent probes offer the opportunity to overcome this limitation and permit the visualization of biological samples with a resolution at the nanoscale. Thus, our review article highlights some advanced organic molecules that can be utilized as invaluable molecular probes for super-resolution imaging and have a significant long-term impact on biomedical research in addition to other promising applications such as colorimetric identification of cyanide, photoactivatable barcodes, and saving papers with switchable ink.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145764_0e50cbd7bda6611d38c603db6b1ebbbd.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Production of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean protein isolate by a novel neutral protease from Enterobacter sp. NRCM1 to be used as a base precursor of thermal process flavours2127214014061510.21608/ejchem.2021.45983.2940ENRashaSaadChemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptMohsen SAskerMicrobial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-4321-0625ManalMahmoudMicrobial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptShereenLotfyChemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptFatmaAbd El-AleemChemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptMohamedAhmedChemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-9237-4979Eman AhmedElmansyMicrobial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptHodaFadelChemistry of Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0003-0363-1409Journal Article20201012A novel neutral protease from a newly isolated and identified bacteria Enterobacter sp. NRCM1 was used to produce the enzymatic hydrolyzed soybean protein isolate (E-SPM1). The protease was purified and biochemically characterized. The effect of hydrolysis time on degree of protein hydrolysis and released free amino acids was investigated. The enzymatic hydrolysates (E-SPM124, E-SPM148 and E-SPM172) produced after 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively were used as main precursors of beef-like flavours. The generated volatiles were determined by solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography- mass spectrophotometer (SPME- GC-MS). The results revealed that the optimum pH and temperature of protease activity were 7.0 and 50ºC, respectively. Sample E-SPM172 showed the highest degree of hydrolysis (43.71%) and content of free amino acids (5.78 g/mL). The headspace volatiles of the model mixture based on E-SPMI72 comprised the highest content of the most important compounds for meat aroma. The results of odour sensory analysis confirmed those of GC-MS for all investigated samples. The highest score of beefy note of sample E-SPMI72was mainly correlated to the significant increase of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, the most potent aroma compound in beef flavour. The gradual increase of savoury note was consistent with that of the disulfide compounds, which possess savoury aromatic note.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140615_23593556fac22429d12016db0dab8222.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Assessment of the Ameliorative Effect of Bacillus subtilis against the Toxicity Induced by Aflatoxin B1 in Rats2141216415959610.21608/ejchem.2021.67171.3450ENMohamed M.DeabesFood Toxicology and Contaminants Department, Food Industry and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt.0000-0001-7728-1371Wael M.AboulthanaBiochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt.0000-0002-4848-0731Kawkab A.AhmedDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.0000-0001-7376-7411Khayria M.NaguibBiochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt.Journal Article20210310Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic and common among the major types of aflatoxins. AFB1 is hepatoxic and has been implicated in an increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, also the effect of AFs on the brain chemistry have been documented. Probiotics have health benefits and provide of powerful benefits for the body and brain. The present study was designed to reveal efficiency of Bacillus subtilis NS4182-01 against the hematological, biochemical and histopathological alterations induced by AFB1 in rats. Both of AFB1 and B. subtilis were studied on the experimental animals (rats) that were divided into 6 groups as the following: Group 1 (control) received distilled water orally. Groups 2&3 (B. subtilis treated groups) received B. subtilis orally at a dose of 0.25 and 0.50 ml, respectively. Group 4 (AFB1 treated group) orally treated with AFB1 at a dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. Groups 5&6 (AFB1 + B. subtilis group) orally treated with AFB1 and then treated with B. subtilis at two studied doses respectively. It was noticed that the hematological measurements declined and the most biochemical measurements elevated significantly (P≤0.05) in AFB1 treated group. B. subtilis restored all studied measurements towards the normal values. Moreover, the native electrophoretic protein patterns showed that the physiological alterations occurred in the native protein and lipid moiety in addition to calcium moiety of native protein patterns as a result of AFB1 treatment were represented by hiding one or more of normal protein types with existence of abnormal ones. Therefore, the similarity index (SI%) and genetic distance (GD%) values were altered with protein (SI=40.00%; GD=60.00%), lipid moiety (SI=50.00%; GD=50.00%) and calcium moiety of native protein patterns (SI=75.00%; GD=25.00%) in AFB1 treated group. Although the treatment with B. subtilis at a dose of 0.25 ml showed ameliorative effect but could not restore the physiological state of the patterns to normalcy. While B. subtilis at a dose of 0.50 ml restored integrity of these native protein patterns by restoring the absent types with hiding the abnormal ones. Therefore, this group became physiologically similar to control group (SI=100.00%; GD=0.00%). These findings were supported by results of the histopathological examination in the most target organs (liver, kidney and brain) that were affected by AFB1 and the B. subtilis restored their histopathological integrity to normal structure and maintained architecture of these organs.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159596_612b655155779fdaaf9d604437f278c1.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Phenolic Profile: Antimicrobial Activity and Antioxidant Capacity of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.2165217214036210.21608/ejchem.2021.56495.3213ENAmaniElmosallamyProf.Dr. at zagazig university department of Organic chemistry0000-0003-2853-6870NaderEltawilDepartment of Nutrition , Central laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Cairo, EgyptShereenIbrahimDepartment of Nutrition , Central laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Cairo, EgyptSahar Awad AllahHusseinHead of department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics,Division of Pharmaceutical Industries,National Research Center, El Buhouth st., Dokki
Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-6305-508XJournal Article20210104The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of C. esculenta by HPLC and GC methods. The identification of phytochemical compounds is based on the peak area, retention time and pharmacological actions. The HPLC chromatogram of ethanol extract showed the presence of 13 compounds namely, 6,2',4'-trimethoxyflavanone, benzoic acid, gallic acid, luteolin-6,8-C-diglucoside, catechin, chlorogenic acid , astilbin, quercitin, kampferol, and major compounds with high concentration of absorbance are , rutin, , vitexin, ellagic acid and caffeic acid. The GC analysis of petroleum ether of C. esculenta extract showed presence 31 saturated fatty acid ,volatile organic hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes .The major components were determined as follows, saturated fatty acid, Stearic acid, Arachidonicacid, 8-Heptadecene, monounsaturated fatty acid, (S)-citronellic acid and volatile organic hydrocarbons, specifically, sesquiterpenes as D-Germacrene and Isoledene, The antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract showed characteristic zone of inhibition against six clinical pathogens. The highest zone of inhibition was observed at 100mg/ml concentration against , the (Gram Negative Bacteria) Proteus vulgaris (ATCC13315) at 15mm, while Escherichia coli (ATCC25955), at 13 mm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853) at 12 mm , while the zone of inhibition against (Gram positive Bacteria ) Staphylococcus aureus (RCMB010010), at 14 mm, Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), at 12 mm ,and no effect against Bacillus subtitis (RCMB 015 (1) NRRL B-543) , when compared with the standard drugs Gentamicin . The antifungal activity against six Fungi, was Cryptococcus neoformans ( RCMB 0049001) at 16mm, Aspergillus fumigatus (RCMB 002008 ) at 11mm, Syncephalastrum racemosum RCM 016001 (1) at 10 mm, and Candida albicans (RCMB 005003 ATCC 10231 ) at 9 mm . The zone of inhibition was observed at 100 mg/ml concentration when compared with the standard drugs Ketoconazole with (MIC) 100 mg/ml . The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging . ethanol extract of C. esculenta exhibited with IC50 value (22 µg/mL), while the standard ascorbic acid with IC50 (11.4 µg/mL) .This result is promising The above findings may justify the medicinal uses of the plants. The results suggest that the leaves of C. esculenta are a good sources of bioactive compounds with potent antimicrobial and antioxidant substances.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140362_2d41498e36eb34ffaf46d61f2792bbb5.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Design and Synthesis of New Curcuminoid Compounds and their Derivatives as Antioxidant Agents2173218314291310.21608/ejchem.2021.49070.3005ENRehabAboodDepartment of Chemistry, Education college for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq0000-0001-7048-1426Tahseen Abdul QaderAlsalimdepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Education for pure sciences, university of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq0000-0002-4838-511xEinas Abdul AzizAboodPolymer Research Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.Journal Article20201108A series of new curcumin analogues and their derivatives were synthesized by reacting curcumin analogues with various substituted hydrazine compounds to afford new pyrazol derivatives. The preparation of ether and ester derivatives was also carried out. All synthesized compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and MS-ESI. The evaluations of these compounds have shown a good inhibition activity as antioxidant agents against the stable radical of diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Findings from this work demonstrated a high inhibition activity in compounds substituted with hydroxyl phenol groups in comparison with compounds with other groups.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_142913_bd0d27567047768dcf6134fa99ae0508.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401New Strategy to Enhance Transfer printing and Functional Finishing of Polyester fabric2185219214062010.21608/ejchem.2021.54029.3123ENHebaKhalilFaculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20201218This research work is aimed to upgrade the transfer printability, the UV-protection and antibacterial functionalities of polyester woven fabric via alkali-treatment followed by post-loading of functional agents namely PVP, Triclosan, Chitosan, metal oxide nano particles MO-NPs i.e. TiO2, ZrO2, ZnO-NPs individually. The modified fabric samples were subsequently transfer printed with certain disperse dyes. The effect of treatment sequence and type of the used additive on the printability and functionality of the polyester prints were investigated. The results revealed that the creation of hydrophilic active sites namely carboxyl and hydroxyl end groups at the fabric surface, as well as loading and fixation of the used functional agents onto the finish/fabric matrix brought about polyester prints with a darker depth of shades, excellent antibacterial activity, and higher UV-protecting functionality compared with the untreated one.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140620_5b50c91d5a885ed417ed62c6d209212c.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Preparation and characterization of high chemical durability and low thermal expansion borosilicate glass-ceramics by recycling of borosilicate glass2193219914291410.21608/ejchem.2021.54579.3139ENOsamaSaadChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, EgyptAbdel Naby M.SalemChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, EgyptIbrahim H. A.BadrChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, EgyptJournal Article20201221Borosilicate glass recycling is a challenge because it has high melting point and different chemical structure which makes it non-recyclable in the glass industry. This work focuses on borosilicate recycling through the preparation of a low thermal expansion and chemically durable borosilicate glass-ceramic (BsGC). Low thermal expansion and high chemical durability ceramics are advantageous in many applications such as lab supplies, corning ware, automobile components, and other low expansion products that are resistant to thermal shock. Kaolin and borosilicate were chosen for the preparation of glass-ceramic, because they have low thermal expansion and good chemical durability. BsGC was prepared by sintering borosilicate glass waste (e.g., Pyrex laboratory glassware, household glass) and kaolin at different temperatures (750-900 ° C). Water absorption method was used to measure the apparent porosity of the prepared composites. Surface morphology of the prepared BCGs was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phase composition of the prepared BGC samples was characterized sing X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). The XRD results showed that at sintering of 750 °C a monocrystalline quartz was only existing. By increasing sintering temperature up to 800°C the quartz phase decreased, while at 850 oC the quartz phase completely disappeared. The sintered BCG composites obtained exhibited low coefficients of thermal expansion in the range of 48 x 10-7 oC-1 and exhibited high chemical durability.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_142914_f1d03009c25f2be8ef95774bbedd10d6.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Improving Some Irrigation Efficiencies, Soil Fertility, Yield and Quality of Wheat under Deficit Irrigation by Integrated N-Fertilization2201221213687010.21608/ejchem.2021.55891.3192ENH. G.GhanemFaculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo., EgyptEl-Gabry,Y. A.Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shames University, P.O Box 68. Hadayek Shobra, 11241
Cairo, EgyptEl-SayedOkashaWater Relation and Field Irrigation Dept., National Research Centre 33 El-Bohouth St., (formerly El-Tahrir
St.), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, Post Code 12311Shimaa K.GanzourDepartment of soil fertility and plant nutrition, Soils, water and environmental research institute, Agriculture
Research Center (ARC), Egypt.Journal Article20201230One of the most agricultural strategiesis improving irrigation and fertilization. Two field experiment were conducted for study the effect of deficit irrigation strategy and integrated N-fertilization on the water application efficiencies, soil organic matter content, soil electrical conductivity, yield and quality of wheat were investigated under arid and sandy soils in Egypt and field experiments were conducted during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the Research Farm of National Research Center (NRC). Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter content were increased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and decreased by increasing the volume of applied water but the average of electrical conductivity of soil were decreased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied and increasing the volume of applied water. The values of the grain yield “GYwheat” and protein content “PCwheat“and carbohydrates content “CCwheat” were increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and they decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition. Although most of the characteristics, especially crop yield, decrease with the decrease in the amount of added irrigation water, in this study there were no significant differences when irrigation with 100% or 80% of full irrigation( FI), so a decrease of 80% of FI may not have resulted in any effect on the moisture stress, on the contrary, most of the studied characteristics were slightly higher when irrigation by 80% FI than full irrigation. In spite of the highest values of the water productivity of the wheat crop, it was at irrigation with 60% of the total irrigation, but there were high significant differences in the values of the higher productivity when irrigation with 80% of FI with adding 50% organic N-fertilizers with 50% mineral N-fertilizers. Finally, the results of the study concluded that, the necessity of relying on organic nitrogen fertilization in addition to mineral nitrogen fertilization at 50% organic to 50% mineral in addition to the possibility of irrigation at 80% of full irrigation, i.e. saving 20% of irrigation water without any significant impact on the productivity and quality characteristics of wheat under arid and sandy soils conditions in Egypt.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_136870_d8b7bff4743c0dc1beb91e7e71a19988.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Production enhancement of bacterial cellulose nanofiber using local Komagataeibacter xylinus SB3.1 under static conditions2213222114061810.21608/ejchem.2021.52972.3096ENAhmed MohammedAlemamMicrobiology Dept.,Facultyof science, Al-azhar University, Cairo,Egypt.Tharwat IShaheenNational Research Centre, Textile Research Division,.(former El-Tahrir str.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, EgyptSaad El-DinHassanDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, EgyptSaid E.DesoukyDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, EgyptMamdouh SalemEl-GamalDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, EgyptJournal Article20201209Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a nanostructured material mainly produced by Gluconacetobacter. The excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties of BC have made it become regarded as a kind of highly functional biopolymer in the application fields of bio-medicine, cosmetics and food industry. However, application of bacterial cellulose faced one of the main big problems in industry, viz., low productivity. Herein, this work was undertaken with a view to enhance the BC production using Komagataeibacter xylinus SB3.1 under static condition through study the effective culture parameters that played a vital role in nanofiber production. Various parameters were investigated including, carbon and nitrogen sources, inoculum size, pH, temperature, and incubation time. Chemical and physical characterizations were investigated using state-of-art tools e.g. FTIR, XRD and SEM. Results revealed the successful production of BC nanofibers through using Komagataeibacter xylinus SB3.1 under static condition as obviously indicated from SEM image. FTIR and XRD affirmed both chemical structure and crystallographic nature of cellulose I of the produced nanofibers. In the seek of improvement, the maximum yield production of BC reached 6.54 g/l at optimum conditions including the use of mannitol and yeast extract as a sole carbon and nitrogen source during incubation period for 8 days at 30 ◦C with 8% inoculum size. These findings emphasize the potential use of a new locally isolated Komagataeibacter xylinus SB3. in production of BC nanofibers as cellulose type I with enhanced crystallinity index up to 82% occurred at optimum conditions which reveals to the increase in the fiber production 3.3 folded times than others with unoptimized condition under the same stationary conditions of growth. This also opens up the window for utilizing the domestic isolated Acetobacter bacteria in industrial manufacturing with potential features.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140618_52e3724f9986e074b40ea779ddcc0e8a.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Biochemical study of E-Cadherin and SATB1 in Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma of Egyptian Patients2223223413315110.21608/ejchem.2020.53106.3099ENArafa AhmedLotfyChemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt0000-0003-4919-4646Mohamed AliEl-DesoukyChemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt0000-0001-5007-5455Abeer AhmedBahnasyPathology Department,
Tissue Culture and Cytogenetic Unite, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, EgyptHend FouadAbdel-fattahPathology Department,
Tissue Culture and Cytogenetic Unite, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, EgyptMohamed HamedKobaisiPathology Department,
National Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Gothi, EgyptJournal Article20201210Bladder cancer was considered the third most common tumor in Egypt according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) registry. However, Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder represents about 90% of all bladder cancer cases. Method; The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression levels (mRNA and protein) of E-cadherin and special AT-rich sequence binding protein-1 (SATB1) as biomarkers for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) using immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) techniques of the Egyptian urinary bladder patients compared to the noncancerous bladder tissues. The study included 48 TCC tissues (41 males and 7 females) of different grades and stages and 12 noncancerous bladder tissues (7 males and 5 females). Results; A statistically significant association regarding smoking and gender were found between the bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) group and the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in comparing the presence of schistosomiasis in both studied groups. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly down expressed and SATB1 was significantly over expressed in TCC tissues compared to the noncancerous bladder tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. Decreased expression of E-cadherin and over expression of SATB1 were statistically associated with tumor stage, tumor grade, and tumor size. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was detected between the expressions of the two studied genes and either gender or age. A significant association was found between the protein expressions of E-cadherin and SATB1. Pearson correlation test showed significantly negative correlation between mRNA expressions of E-cadherin and SATB1. Conclusion; E-cadherin and SATB1 expressions may be considered as good biochemical markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma in urinary bladder of Egyptian patients.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_133151_2888d9cea51446157101205e3c1015e0.pdfNational Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228564420210401Inflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Clinical Manifestations of Organophosphorus Pesticides-Exposed Researchers2235224514061710.21608/ejchem.2021.52948.3094ENNermeen SaidAbdel AzizDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Division of Environmental Research, National Research CentreMohamed YehiaElawadyPublic Health and Occupational Medicine Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversitySanaa AboulmakaremRizkDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Division of Environmental Research, National Research CentreSally AdelHakimPublic Health and Occupational Medicine Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityEman MohamedShahyDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Division of Environmental Research, National Research CentreEbtesamAbdel-ShafyDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Division of Environmental Research, National Research CentreJournal Article20201209Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPs) exposure may be associated with increased risk of immunotoxicity in occupationally work place. The study was designed to investigate and compare the correlation between clinical symptoms with oxidative stress and immunomodulatory effects of OPs exposure among occupationally exposed researchers. Clinical manifestation associated with pesticides exposure were collected from 49 subjects occupationally exposed to OPs (exposed group), and 51 non-exposed subjects (control group). The levels of cholinesterase enzymes (AchE and BuChE) have been estimated as an exposure biomarker for pesticides exposure. The oxidative stress status has been evaluated by assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) could be an indication of antioxidant mechanism. We used IL-6 and IFN-γ as immunological biomarkers as well as TNF-α as a biomarker of cellular immune function. Our results revealed significant decline in AchE, BuChE and TAC level, while there was a significant elevation in MDA in occupationally exposed researchers versus control. Additionally, the IL-6, IFN -γ and TNF-α levels have been increased in exposed researchers. Through clinical examination, the chief morbidity was pertained to neurological disorders and bronchial asthma as a result of occupational exposure to OPs pesticides. The muscular weakness was significantly syndicated with the decline in AchE and BuChE levels. The bronchial asthma was highly correlated with MDA, IL 6 and TNF-α. Additionally, MDA, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, were significantly higher in numbness. This study also indicated that the levels of MDA, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly boosted up in exposed researchers that not wearing a mask. That could be a risk factor for some adverse health hazards.https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_140617_fc471ce0ddde75360e5d14c428c9a3e2.pdf