2024-03-28T19:04:32Z
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=2054
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Biological and Theoretical Studies of Nano Complexes Derived from Triazine Hydrazone
Fatma
Samy
Ali
Taha
The objective of this study is synthesizing of binary and mixed ligands complexes by reacting Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) ions with (E)-3-(2-(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)hydrazono)butan-2-one oxime (H2L) in presence and in absence of 8-Hydroxyquinoline ligand. The characterization of complexes are performed by analytical, spectral (IR, mass, UV-Vis, 1H NMR and ESR), magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity measurements and thermal gravimetric analysis techniques. The scanning electron microscopy is used for detection of the morphology of the ligand and some complexes. The analytical data, spectral studies and magnetic moments established octahedral geometries for all complexes. The ligand behaves as monobasic tridentate (C=Nazomethine, C=Ntriazine and OH) for binary complexes. On other hand, The ligand acts as monobasic bidentate (C=Nazomethine and OH), for mixed ligands complexes. and mixed ligands complexes, respectively. The optimized structures of the triazine ligand and its complexes theoretically have been done. The structural parameters were correlated with the experimental data. The activity of the triazine ligand and its complexes against Hepatocellular carcinoma, fungi and bacteria have been examined using the diffusion method. The Cu complexes have best activity than the ligand, Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes.
Binary and mixed ligands complexes
triazine
Monoxime complexes
Mixed-ligand
antimicrobial activity
2018
10
01
731
746
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_8097_9f515cce0f67d4f0ce9f9294cee45fe3.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Nano-coated Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by A Novel Chitosan Nanoparticles/silver Nanoparticles in Artificial Saliva Solution
Amany
Fekry
Mohamed
Sayed
This paper dealt with two newly done nano-composite films, the first composed of chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and the second composed of chitosan nanoparticles modified with silver nanoparticles (CNP+SNP), each one is coated on bare Ti alloy surface. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel tests were accomplished to identify the corrosion behavior of the bare Ti alloy surface and the synthesized nano-composite coatings on titanium alloy surface in artificial saliva solution. The morphology of the alloy surface coating was achieved. Besides that, the antibacterial activity for the nano-coatings were examined and linked with the bare Ti alloy. The overall results showed that both the two novel coatings enhance the corrosion protection and the antibacterial activity of the studied alloy, where the corrosion resistance and the antibacterial activity of (CNP+SNP) nano-composite coating is remarkably greater than CNP coating.
SEM
EDX
EIS
Chitosan nanoparticles
silver nanoparticles
2018
10
01
747
758
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9010_26ef3c134f21ab1153b1c60b4598a65d.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Boron Phosphate/Poly(p-phenylenediamine) as a Corrosion Inhibitive System for Steel Protection
Mahmoud
Abd El-Ghaffar
Amin
Baraka
Mohamed
Hefny
Elham
Youssef
Mahmoud
Aly
Corrosion never sleeps, therefore, industries rather than governments do their best to resist the different types of corrosion by all possible methods and techniques particularly in high-risk areas. Nevertheless, organic coatings are considered the most widely applied route for protection of metallic surfaces from corrosion and they are of a special importance in transport and infrastructure. Consequently, the main goal of this study is to provide a detailed overview of a protective pigment/inhibitor system based on boron phosphate and poly(p-phenylenediamine) as a new type of corrosion inhibitive coating that works holistically to obtain long-term performance for steel protection. However, characterization and investigation of boron phosphate and/or in-situ polymerized poly(p-phenylenediamine) were achieved via XRD, FT-IR, SEM and thermal analysis. Besides, different concentrations of boron phosphate/poly(p-phenylenediamine) were applied within controlled paint formulations based on epoxy resin, subsequently, they showed good physico-mechanical properties and high protection level against corrosion.
Boron phosphate
Poly(p-phenylenediamine)
Pigments
inhibitors
coatings
Surface treatment
corrosion protection
2018
10
01
759
771
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_10330_571d257a46473262634fd078187e3495.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Bioprospecting Certain Freshwater-derived Fungi for Phenolic Compounds with Special Emphasis on Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activity of Methyl Gallate and p-coumaric Acid
Marwa
Abdel-Wareth
Mosad A.
Ghareeb
Fungi naturally produce secondary metabolites which have been investigated as biologically active compounds. This work aimed at exploring phenolic compounds profile of three fresh-water derived fungi, and investigating the antimicrobial and larvicidal activity of methyl gallate and p-coumaric acid as two major compounds detected. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) revealed the presence of 22 phenolic compounds in the filtrate extracts of Penicillium implicatum, Aspergillus niveus and Aspergillus petrakii, although they varied in their concentrations from one species to another, methyl gallate was one of the major compounds in Penicillium implicatum and Aspergillus niveus filtrates, and the compound of the highest concentration in Aspergillus petrakii filtrate. While p-coumaric acid was the major compound in Aspergillus niveus filtrate. Methyl gallate was effective on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus sub sp. aureus (MRSA), while p-coumaric acid was only effective on Bacillus cereus. Regarding larvicidal activity, p-coumaric acid was more effective on Schistosoma mansoni cercariae than methyl gallate. The investigated fungi comprise a rich source of phenolic compounds, and methyl gallate and p-coumaric acid represent promising antibacterial and larvicidal agents.
Penicillium
Aspergillus
RP-HPLC
methyl gallate
P- Coumaric acid
Antimicrobial effect
larvicidal activity
2018
10
01
773
784
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_8096_fa94d8d225c05e39ad390872ce2a9a30.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Sequential Extraction of Some Heavy Metals in Southwest Giza Soil, Egypt
Salman
Salman
Elsayed
Abu El Ella
Ahmed
Elnazer
The pollution of agriculture soil in southwest Giza, Egypt with As, Cd, Pb and Cr were assessed by the application of Index of Geoaccumulation (Igeo) and five steps sequential extractions technique. The results indicated that the soils are muddy sand, alkaline (pH ≈ 8.3), calcareous (CaCO3>5%) and have low organic matter (3.1%). Soil contains about 142.8, 1.7, 123.5 and 209.1 ppm of As, Cd, Pb and Cr, respectively. The Igeo indicated that the soils of the study area ranged from uncontaminated-moderately to extremely contaminated. The sequential extraction explained the incorporation of Pb and Cr in the residual fraction and the incorporation of As and Cd in the carbonate fraction. The exchangeable fraction contains 9, 7.9, 5.1 and 2.6% of As, Cd, Pb and Cr extracts, respectively. The environmental risk in the study area comes from the presence of 10.4 ppm As in the exchangeable fraction. The risk assessment code illustrated that Pb ranged from low to medium risk, Cr medium to high risk, As high to very high risk and Cd shows very high risk. These results reflect the mixed sources (geogenic and anthropogenic) of metals in the soil of the study area.
Bioavailable
Giza
Egypt
Heavy metals
anthropogenic
sequential extraction
soil pollution
2018
10
01
785
797
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9009_9f7c167e74b63caae8713fd8172f89bb.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Adsorption of Chromium(Vi) from Aqueous Solution by Glycine Modified Cross-linked Chitosan Resin
Asmaa S.
Hamouda
Sayed A.
Ahmed
Nahla. M.
Mohamed
Mostafa
Khalil
The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto glycine-modified crosslinked chitosan (GMCCR) resin has been investigated. Batch experiments were performed to examine kinetics, adsorption isotherm, pH effect, and thermodynamic parameters. The effect of pH for the adsorption of Cr(VI) was studied at range from 2 to 6 and the equilibrium was accomplished within 150 minutes and maximum removal was achieved under the optimum conditions at pH 3 . The result obtained from equilibrium adsorption studies are fitted Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models and the data was found that the equilibrium data agreed very well with the Langmuir model . The maximum uptake was found to be 1.5 mmol/g (calc 1.75 mmol/g) at 250C. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption system were determined at 298 K, 308 K and 318 K (ΔH° =22.85 kJ•mol−1;ΔG° = −33.17 to −36.93 kJ•mol−1 and ΔS° = 188 J•K−1•mol−1). The positive values of ΔH° and ΔS° suggest an endothermic reaction and increase in randomness at the solid-liquid interface during the adsorption. The negative values of ΔG° indicating a spontaneous adsorption process. The kinetic process was described very well by a pseudo-second-order rate equation.
Modified Chitosan
Adsorption
Kinetics
Thermodynamics, Cr(VI)
2018
10
01
799
812
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9008_96c79233654478a31ad6006836ee4079.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Novel Starch Based Thickeners for Cotton Printing Using Vat Dyes
Amal
Abdelrahman
Manal
Rekaby
Ali
Hebish
Formic acid was reacted with different kinds of starch to yield O-Formate derivatives. Starches used included corn starch, rice starch, and oxidized corn starch. Thus obtained O-formates derivatives were submitted to assessment for acyl content, the degree of substitution (D.S), solubility and rheological characteristics. The highest%acyl and DS value were obtained with cornstarch and the least values with rice starch while oxidized corn starch stood in Mid-way position. All these starch formate derivatives displayed non-Newtonian thixotropy. Nevertheless, the degree of thixotropy and situation of the rheogram with respect to the rate of shear axis were determined by both natures of the starch before derivatization and storing the time of the paste. The degree of derivatization of starch via O-Formylation expressed as D.S., was a governing factor for the apparent viscosity of the pastes. Color strength (K/S) and fastness of cotton printed using the starch derivatives in question were very comparable, if not higher than those obtained with the conventional British gum thickener. This was observed irrespective of the D.S. of the formate derivatives of starch and time of printing paste storing and advocated current thickeners as good substitutes for conventional printing thickeners.
Key words: Starch
o-formylation
Vat dye
and Printing
2018
10
01
813
824
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9007_df55c45fff04fd0b7c71f7dc5f8203fb.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Study of Some Polypropylene Nanocomposite Properties
Abou Elfotouh
Abdel Hakim
Abdallah
El-sawey
Ahmed
Motawie
Alaa
Eid
Nael
Mahrous
The preparation of both polymer composites and nanocomposites by melt compounding of polypropylene (PP) with micro CaCO3 content 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% and nano CaCO3 content 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 wt.% using carboxylic acid as compatibilizer has been done. The presence of agglomerations of CaCO3 with increasing the content in the composites must be taken into account. The prepared composites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Mechanical, Electrical, Thermal, and Physical properties of PP composites and nanocomposites was obtained and compared to virgin PP.
polypropylene
Calcium Carbonate
Nanocomposite
physical
mechanical
electrical
Thermal properties
2018
10
01
825
842
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9011_c66cf36b8c07ea68f85056980ff61fe4.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Factors Affecting the Refining of Crude Yellow Cake using Synergistic Organic Mixture of di Ethyl Hexyl Phosphoric Acid (D2EHPA) and Octanol
Mostafa
Amin
I.
Helmy
H.
Gado
Mohamed
Nagar
Abd elhady
Rateb
AbstractThe present study deals with the purification of crude yellow cake produced through sulfate leaching of Gattar mineralization, Eastern Desert- Egypt. The Gattar yellow cake is purified through dissolving it in hydrochloric acid which dissolves about 95% of uranium content in the studied cake. Uranium extraction was obtained from the prepared pregnant solution using a synergistic organic solvent mixture of 0.5M di ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and 0.63M octanol in kerosene diluent. Different factors have been studied such as solvent concentration, stirring time, organic to aqueous phase ratio and temperature. The obtained loaded organic solvent was exposed to different concentrations of sodium carbonate to strip the uranium. After the stripping process, the uranium was precipitated using ammonia solution at pH 6.2. The product precipitate washed and dried then analysed. The analysis of the final precipitate shows upgrading of uranium concentration in the original cake from 46% to 76% while that of Fe has been decreased from 1.6% down to only 0.06% while that of Al and V have been totally removed .
Synergistic
D2 EHPA and octanol
Refining
Yellow cake
2018
10
01
843
856
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9012_41a0f61964957618d3d12ab3c017e2ed.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Chemical Characterization of Levan and Optimization of immobilized Bacillus tequilensis levansucrase onto κ-Carrageenan –CMC Gel Beads
Bassem M.
Salama
Mohamed E.
Hassan
Doaa
A. R.
ghada E.A.
Awad
Naziha M.
Hassanein
Wafaa A.
Helmy
Mona A.
Esawy
B acillus tequilens was a good levansucrase producer (222.2 U/mL) with levan yield (130 g/L). The levan yield was characterized by FT-IR and the results recorded that the product was mainly fructose. Levansucrase produced by Bacillus tequilens was immobilized by covalent binding on κ-carrageenan and carboxy methyl cellulose gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde. Then22 full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency to reach (14.01852 U/of enzyme/g gel beads).The free enzyme showed optimum pH at7 while immobilization process increased the tolerance of enzyme at both alkaline range pH3 and acidic range pH10. The apparent Km after immobilization was 2.85 mg/mL compared to 2.5 mg/mL for free enzyme. Maximum velocity Vmax was 71.4 mg.min−1 for free enzyme while it was 62.4 mg.min−1 for immobilized formula of enzyme. An inhibition of enzyme activity was recognized with all tested metal ion as well as EDETA for either free or immobilized formula of levansucrase.
Levansucrase
Immobilization
Response surface methodology
Bacillus tequilens
2018
10
01
857
866
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9013_8ede886f0158e86b2a15754429c6485c.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Fabrication, Characterization, and Dye Adsorption Capability of Recycled Modified Polyamide Nanofibers
Bahaa
Metwally
Amr Atef
El-Sayed
Emad K.
Radwan
Asmaa S.
Hamouda
M. N.
El-Sheikh
Mohamed
Salama
Utilization of electrospinning technique accompanied by chemical modification as well as, the production of low-cost adsorbent based on polyamide nanofibers is the aim of our current work. The electrospinning parameters (polymer conc., applied voltage, and collector distance) have been studied. The obtained polyamide nanofiber mats were modified with citric acid at various conditions (concentration, temperature and catalyst concentration). The optimum conditions of this modification were investigated by MB uptake efficiency. The obtained data illustrate a positive relationship between citric acid concentration and MB uptake using the modified polyamide nanofiber. The produced adsorbent was well characterized using SEM, ATR-FTIR, and surface area measurement. Scanning Electron Microscopy clarifies minor swelling of nanofibers during the modification process which attributed to the increase in fiber diameter and therefore reduction in the fiber surface area. The adsorption performance of the nanofiber mat was assessed as a function of pH, nanofiber mat dosage, contact time, and initial dye concentration. Kinetics and isotherms analysis were investigated as well. The MB separation capability of the modified PA-nanofiber was considerably higher than that of the PA-nanofiber. The kinetic data of both nanofiber mat was better fitted with the pseudo-second-order model. Also, the equilibrium data of PA-nanofiber was better fitted with Freundlich model and Langmuir model in case of the modified PA-nanofiber. The adsorption behavior was favorable chemisorption process as inferred from the kinetics, and the isotherms studies. The results of this study promote the modified PA-nanofiber as a potential adsorption filters for dyeing wastewater decolourization.
Polyamide fiber
Electrospinning
Citric acid
Adsorption
methylene blue
Wastewater treatment
2018
10
01
867
882
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9015_d2c3d20bd9f1c0904cf1ac4a50599c6e.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Membrane Bioreactor Technology for Wastewater Reclamation
Aly
Al-Sayed
Waled
El Senosy
Ahmad
Alherrawy
Mohamed
Abo Aly
Fatma
El-Gohary
Responding to the water shortage in Egypt, the use of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) for wastewater reclamation has been studied. The impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT), as the most influential operational parameter has been investigated. A bench-scale module was operated at three HRT: 6, 10 &15hs. The results demonstrated that total COD and BOD removal rates were not affected by changing the HRT or by variations in raw wastewater strength. Average residual COD values in the membrane permeate ranged from 14 to 20.3 mg O2 L-1. Corresponding residual BOD was below 3.0 mgL-1. Nitrification capacity of the SMBR was high. HRT was found to be a key parameter for fouling. Decreasing the HRT enhances membrane fouling. At HRT of 6h, fouling happened after 6 days. Corresponding values for HRTs 10 and 15 were 13 day and more than 42 days, respectively. Total coliform bacteria counts in most of the MBR permeate samples were below the detection limit of 10 CFU/100 mL. All protozoan parasitic stages detected in raw wastewater were removed by the SMBR. At HRT of 15h, both human rotaviruses and adenoviruses genome copies were reduced by 2 to 3 log10. This ratio was reduced by decreasing the HRT.
Wastewater reclamation
membrane bioreactor
pathogens reduction
membrane fouling
2018
10
01
883
896
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9018_682bb41ab5b1a28b23bd0de3a6824de1.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
A Review on Synthesis of Nitrogen-containing Heterocyclic Dyes for Textile Fibers - Part 1: Five and Six-membered Heterocycles
Tawfik
Khattab
Mohamed
Rehan
The significance of heterocyclic dyestuffs has recently increased due to their deep hues and brightness, high color strength and better colorfastness compared to benzene analogous dyes. In this review, we give details outlining the synthetic approaches of all recently synthesized nitrogen-containing five and six-membered ring heterocyclic dyestuffs and their dyeing efficiency on textile fibers.
Nitrogen heteroatom
Heterocyclic
dyes
Synthesis
dyeing
Fabric
2018
10
01
897
937
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9019_ae0d2fa7e890fd9975350ce9c94a88fe.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Synthesis of Conductive Cu-core / Ag-subshell / polyaniline-shell Nanocomposites and their Antimicrobial Activity
Ragia
Mohsen
Samir
Mohamed
Yosreya
Abu-ayana
Ahmed
Ghoneim
Core shell technique was used to synthesize conductive Cu-core / Ag-subshell / polyaniline-shell nanocomposites (NCs) and evaluating their antimicrobial activities. This was achieved through two stages, firstly different Cu/Ag core shell nanoparticles (Cu/Ag NPs) were prepared (C/A1, C/A3, C/A5), using electroless plating technique by reduction of AgNO3 in alcoholic dispersion of Cu NPs at three different weight ratios of AgNO3: Cu. Secondly, the prepared Cu/Ag NPs were further coated with polyaniline (PANI) by oxidative polymerization of aniline in their aqueous dispersions to form PANI/(Cu/Ag) NCs (NC1, NC3, NC5). XRD patterns of Cu/Ag NPs revealed their bimetallic crystalline structure. SEM micrographs and EDAX data proved formation of Ag thin shell on the surface of Cu core. The concentration of this silvery layer increased from ≈ 38% (C/A1) to 68% (C/A5). SEM and EDAX data of NCs, showed that PANI film wrapped 60% to 63% of Cu/Ag NPs surface that Cu nearly diminished. The synthesized NCs possessed good electrical conductivity that increased with Ag content from 0.52 S/m (NC1) to13 (NC5) S/m. Good antimicrobial activities (antibacterial and antifungal), of Cu/Ag NPs and their NCs were obtained. Such good conductivity and antimicrobial activity nominate the NCs to be applied in electronic and biotechnical fields.
Cu/Ag core shell nanoparticles
polyaniline nanocomposites
electrical conductivity
antimicrobial activity
2018
10
01
939
952
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_9946_554fd993acc5e120c5bbaa820b9b796f.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2018
61
5
Sharing via Low-Cost Discovery in Global Effort for Combat Diseases: Simple Chemical Routes for Lead Compounds Using Biomass Driven Building Blocks.
Galal
Nawwar
Hoda
Othman
Randa
Swellam
Among various participations in the global efforts for drugs, preservatives and pesticides discovery, there are cost-effective simple synthetic routes via productive methods to synthesize potent biologically active compounds, utilizing biomass driven starting compounds. This eco-friendly approach appropriates also researchers where shortage in research fund and facilities. Versatile precursors such as 3-oxoalkane carboxylates ,activated nitriles and ,β unsaturated ketones, were utilized for the facile synthesis of various biologically interesting small molecules. In this review, we highlight representative synthetic findings for bioactive leads arising from our continuous attempts with this approach. Further development by industry and academia through lead optimization will produce new active ingredients to face contiguous hazard biological challenges and resistance of microbes and insects. Many other researchers have made many great achievements in each of these subjects, but these are beyond the scope of this review.
Sustainability
Biomass
Organic Synthesis
Bioactive Small Molecules
2018
10
01
953
971
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_10063_8c5547dcd43955c2fd875a246b3db7b0.pdf