2024-03-29T07:50:41Z
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=10591
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Evaluation of Montmorillonite (MMT)/polymer Nanocomposite in Gap Filling of Archaeological Bones
Gomaa
Abdel-maksoud
Rokaya
Sobh
Ahmed
Tarek
Samaha
Radwan
Archaeological bones are exposed to various deterioration factors, so polymers are used to im-prove their properties and give more durability. Traditional pastes were applied and evaluated be-fore. This study aims to evaluate some modified pastes in order to improve the properties of tradi-tional pastes. Montmorillonite MMT was modified with amino acid and characterized in terms of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction XRD and scanning electron microscope SEM. Nanocomposites of modified MMT with paraloid as acrylic polymer were eva-luated using XRD to be used for gap filling and completion of archeological bones to give more re-sistance against surrounding environmental conditions. Accelerated ageing were used for evaluation of modified pastes and estimated through change of color by UV spectrophotometer, FTIR, mechanical properties (tensile, elongation and compressive strength) and surface morphology by SEM. The results confirmed that the modified pastes with modified mMMT nanocomposite showed good resistance against thermal ageing, and give high stability in terms of color change value, sur-face morphology and mechanical properties. As pastes with the mMMT gave negligible color dif-ference as 0.98. In addition, the contact angles measurements reduced with smaller ratios as 12% and 7.5% than their corresponding pastes with no mMMT 22% and 11%, respectively. Moreover, pastes with mMMT showed higher density, lower porosity and lower water absorption and exhibit more resistance against thermal ageing.
archaeological bone
clay/polymer nanocomposite
Physico-mechanical properties
2020
05
01
1585
1603
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54177_830e7b80c7b41f20deb90b7e067865e8.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Novel Green Coloration of Cotton Fabric. Part I: Bio-mordanting and Dyeing Characteristics of Cotton Fabrics with Madder, Alkanet, Rhubarb and Curcumin Natural Dyes
Nahed
Ahmed
Sahar
Nassar
Reda
M El-Shishtawy
It was envisioned that rendering the surface charge of cotton fabric cationic at acidic pH would allow it dyeable with natural dyes. For this purpose and with a vision for introducing a completely green process, the fabric was pretreated with tannic acid followed by padding in gelatin aqueous solution and curing. The factors that may affect this pretreatment process were investigated, as reflected by the color strength obtained of the dyed fabrics using madder dye. Furthermore, the pretreated fabric (bio-mordanted) was characterized by FTIR to confirm the success of chemical modification, and a tentative mechanism for the dye fixation is believed to be physical bonds (hydrogen bond and van der Waals bond) and chemical bond (ionic bond). The selected conditions obtained were comparatively applied using four natural dyes, namely, madder (CI Natural Red 9), curcumin (CI Natural Yellow 3), rhubarb (CI Natural Yellow 23), and alkanet (CI Natural Red 20). The successful results presented in this work and the excellent fastness properties obtained suggest its potential as a viable and ecological method for successful bio-mordanting and dyeing of cotton fabrics with natural dyes.
Ecological
Green dyeing
Natural Dye
Cotton
Bio-mordanting
Gelatin-tannic acid
2020
05
01
1605
1617
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69754_fcf394db4a5a84bbcfee66318e8ad0bf.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis of High Efficient CS/PVDC/TiO2-Au Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Carcinogenic Ethidium Bromide in Sunlight
Amr
El-Ella Hussein Gad
Ahmed
Youssef
Hala
Ghannam
Abdallah
Zedan
Wael
Aboulthana
Al-Sayed
Al-Sherbini
Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is one of the most broadly used dyes in molecular biology laboratories. It was considered a strong mutagenic, carcinogenic and possesses a major safety problem for the researchers and environmental hazards during the disposal process. In the current study chitosan (CS) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) based on different morphologies of TiO2-Au nanocomposites were prepared, namely as CS/PVDC/TiO2-Au nanocomposites. Firstly, the titanium dioxide nanowires (TiO2-NWs, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) and TiO2-NWs doped by Au-NPs (TiO2-Au) were successfully fabricated and well-evaluated using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Furthermore, chitosan was prepared from crabs shell wastes and blended with PVDC then different loadings of TiO2-Au nanocomposites were incorporated onto the nanocomposites films. The prepared CS/PVDC/TiO2-Au nanocomposites films were characterized using UV-Visible spectra, Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), XRD and TEM. Moreover, the CS/PVDC/TiO2-Au nanocomposites were used for photodecomposition of EtBr under sunlight irradiation from~ 400-600 W/m2 with and without aeration as well as assaying integrity of the EtBr after decomposition by horizontal gel electrophoresis. The results established that the CS/PVDC/TiO2-Au nanocomposites were sufficient to remove ~70-90 % of the EtBr through the irradiated time course and ~ 60 % of the dye was degraded in the first one hour.
Chitosan
TiO2-NWs
Au-NPs
Thin-film
Ethidium Bromide
Nanocomposites
Gel Electrophoresis
2020
08
01
1619
1638
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69527_5cd1a37978ac0acdaa1b925df90ecbef.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Preparation and Evaluation of Polyamides for Printing Ink
ahmed
ramadan
Abdelaziz
Gomaa
mohamed
abdallah
Non-reactive polyamides were prepared by reacting dimer fatty acids and, two different diamines such as ethylenediamine and isophornedimine, to obtain a product. The dimer fatty acid used was of dimer/trimer/ Monomer mixtures, ≥80/≤18/≤5. all the polyamides prepared, the number average molecular weight (Mn) ranged from 2479-2803, weight average molecular weight (Mwt) from 6761-10220, Z weight average molecular weight(Mz) from 13532-26876, and the most fundamental characteristic of a polymer its molecular weight distribution(PDI) degree of polymerization ranged from 2.727-3.713, and the glass transition was 76.46-98.9°C. Evaluation gloss and color strength polyamides in ink on films (paper, polyethylene milk, and polyvinylchloride). Most of these polyamides have properties comparable to the commercially available polyamides used in flexographic inks.
polyamides
dimer-fatty acid
aliphatic and cycloaliphatic diamines
2020
05
01
1639
1653
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_56201_46da4e72bde5948ca80a28617f21f4bd.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
The Analysis of Adsorption Phenomenon for Nano silica with Some Radionuclides Released in The Primary Coolant of PWR
Mahmoud
Abdel-Goad
Narmine
Mahmoud
Basma
Saad
Nano silica particles were tested to remove some radionuclides (R.Ns) from primary coolant water through different experiments. A simulation of the R.Ns such as Strontium (Sr), Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co) was conducted by using the same chemical elements. From experiments, the adsorption capacity values at elements of concentration 400mg/l were 19128, 18270 and 19728mg/g, respectively. The analysis of the adsorption phenomena was described through different kinetic factors, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamic parameters. From the data of experiments, The amount of elements adsorbed by nano particles (qe cal ) was the same for three elements and equal 20000 mg/g in the pseudo second order model. By the intraparticle diffusion model, the qe cal values were equal 19024, 18006 and 19131mg/g, respectively. It meant a very strong chemical adsorption process. In Freundlich isotherm, the calculated correlation factors of three elements were 0.979, 0.992 and 0.990, respectively. These results confirmed the heterogeneity of nano-silica surface and the adsorption was multilayer and cooperative process. From D-K-R isotherm, the calculated energies were 316.23, 316.23 and 353.55 kJ mol-1, respectively. From the thermodynamic results, the reaction for the three elements was spontaneous. This work confirmed that the nano silica could be good adsorbent material for removing R.Ns.
Thermodynamic
sorption
Nano silica
Sr
NI
Co
kinetic
2020
05
01
1655
1667
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54242_b0aec71dee5f503fbcf695c638bc6501.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Novel Green Coloration of Cotton Fabric. Part II: Effect of Different Print Paste Formulations on The Printability of Bio-mordanted Fabric with Madder Natural Dye
Nahed
Ahmed
Sahar
Nassar
Reda
M El-Shishtawy
Gelatin-tannic acid (bio-mordant) treated cotton fabric was printed with natural and synthetic thickeners. Madder natural dye was used with different thickeners include meypro gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, or acrylate-based synthetic thickener. Different factors such as pH, steaming temperatures, time, auxiliaries (urea, salt, and binder) presence or absence in the print paste formulations were investigated. The data indicated good quality prints using natural thickeners and without auxiliaries compared with the synthetic one. The printed samples reveal very good to excellent fastness properties. Hence, the present process of printing cotton fabric with green print paste formulation and without auxiliaries may find wide application in textile coloration.
Ecological
Green printing
Natural Dye
Cotton
Bio-mordanting
Gelatin-tannic acid
2020
08
01
1669
1677
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69755_2badfb40079c83f4d3b1f048e8b0ef54.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Chemical Functionalization Graphene Oxide for The Adsorption Behavior of Bismarck Brown Dye from Aqueous Solutions
Alaa
Mizhir
Ali
Abdulwahid
Hadi
Al-Lami
The adsorption behaviour of cationic dye Bismarck brown BB onto graphene oxide GO, graphene oxide derivatives 3,3ˊ-Diaminobenzidine GODAB, and Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-modified graphene oxide GODABE as adsorbents from aqueous solutions were investigated and characterized by various techniques, like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Adsorption of BB dye on modified graphene oxide was explored in a series of batch experiments under various conditions. The data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich, models. The Langmuir model was found to be more suitable for the experimental data than other adsorption models. The maximum adsorption capacities were 714.28, 1428.5, and 1111.1 mg/g for GO, GODAB, and GODABE at optimum pH 3 for GO and GODAB, 5 for GODABE and the optimum agitation time were chosen as 45min for GO and 30min for both adsorbents GODAB and GODABE. Kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order model showed the best fitting to the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters imply that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic.
Adsorption isotherm
Bismarck Brown BB
graphene oxide
Pseudo-second-order model
2020
05
01
1679
1696
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69926_487c8deb5b11366d0ce831ef2f51a8e9.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Sulfate Reduction and Heavy Metals Removal from Industrial Wastewater via Advanced Calcium-Aluminum Precipitation Method
M. Hamdy
El Awady
Mona
Ahmed
A.
Dahaba
The reduction of sulfate ions from the industrial wastewater using advanced calcium-aluminum precipitation method (ACAPM) has been evaluated. The ACAPM involved the precipitation of sulfate ions as minerals like gypsum and ettringite via calcium/ aluminum compounds. Factors affecting the reduction of sulfate ions such as: pH, Ca(OH)2 and NaAlO2 dosages have been investigated, while the optimal experimental conditions for sulfate ions reduction were determined. The precipitated solids have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Experimental results indicate that the ACAPM was effectively reduced sulfate with removal efficiency exceed 98%. It also effectively removed heavy metals including: Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn & Zn, with removal efficiencies up to 99%. Results showed that the ACAPM has remarkable sulfate ions removal efficiency with high concentrations.
Sulfate Reduction
Industrial Wastewater
chemical treatment
Heavy Metals Removal
2020
08
01
1697
1712
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_58168_576c1dc6b8008780b1a713188a6c90ce.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Salicornia fruticosa L.
Rasha
Elatif
Manal
Shabana
lamyaa
fawzy
Ragaa
Mansour
Hanem
Awad
Mahmed
sharaf
Abstract Plants have been used as a source of traditional medicine to treat many diseases and conditions for many years. They considered as excellent source of phytochemicals which showed antioxidant and anticancer activities. The aim of the present study is to investigate the chemical composition and to determine the anticancer activity of Salicornia fruticosa (Chenopodiaceae) methanolic extract. S. fruticosa proved to be a source of isorhamnetin and its glycosides and showed anticancer activities. Seven major flavonoids were isolated and identified from the cytotoxic methanolic extract. The isolated compounds were identified, as quercetin 3',4'-dimethyl ether (1), isorhamnetin (2), isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnoside (3), isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside (4), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (5), isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside (6), isorhamnetin 3-O-rhamnosyl(1-2)arabinoside (7), by chromatographic analysis, chemical and spectroscopic tools (acid hydrolysis, UV, 1H and 13C NMR). Compounds 1 and 3-7 were isolated for the first time from the plant under investigation. The evaluation of cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract against HCT-116, HepG2, A549 and MCF-7 human cancer cells, by MTT assay, revealed the higher potency of S. Fruticosa extract with IC50 [2.6. 10.9, 37.9, 5.4 (g/ml)] respectively, comparable to that of doxorubicin. The obtained results suggested that the investigated plant could be used for future development of naturally occurring anticancer agent. Subclinical and clinical trials on polar fractions of S. fruticosa are mandatory to pave the way for its use in treatment of cancer diseases (HCT-116, HepG2, A549 and MCF-7).
Keywords Salicornia fruticosa
Chenopodiaceae
flavonoids. isorhamnetin derivatives
Anticancer activity
2020
05
01
1713
1721
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_56196_c6107e0a26d41a66dabebf2fa83fdb94.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Cyclic Pentapeptides Based on Phthaloyl Chloride with Expected Anticancer Activity
Fatma
Mohamed
Ahmed
Shalaby
Hanan
Soliman
Ahmed
Abdelazem
Marwa
Mounier
Eman
Nossier
Gaber
Moustafa
A series of Nα-phthaloyl bridged cyclic pentapeptide derivatives were synthesized and characterized on the basis of spectral and elemental analyses. A preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation of all novel compounds was carried out against four human cancer cell lines, human lung (A-549), colon (CaCo-2), prostate (PC-3) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells at 100 μM concentration using MTT growth inhibition assay. Compound 3 gave the highest cytotoxic activity towards the human colon (CaCo-2) cancer cell line (Growth Inhibition = 72.4 %). Further molecular docking of the promising derivative 3 was developed to study its binding mode within the active site of EGFR enzyme. The docking results suggest good fitting through different hydrogen bond interactions with the protein residues to elicit anticancer activity
amino acid
linear peptide
cyclic pentapeptide
Nα-phthaloyl-bis-peptides
Cytotoxicity
2020
05
01
1723
1736
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_58172_1a00fe97564f76dae5bebd252d05c2a5.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Microstructure-Hardness Relationships in Subzero Quenched and Aged TC21 α/β Titanium Alloy
Rania
El-Shorbagy
AbdelHamid
Hussein
E.
El-Banna
Z.
El-Baradie
M.
Waly
Titanium alloys have long been recognized as outstanding strong, light and corrosion resistant alloys. TC21 alloy has recently received considerable attention due to its high strength, toughness, damage-tolerance properties and low crack propagation rate. Similar to steels, titanium alloys have demonstrated their capacity to produce martensitic microstructure upon suitable heat treatment. Their martensite and its transformations upon subsequent heat treatment proved to be an important tool to obtain controllable properties. The martensite (start) characteristic temperature (Ms) has received some attention as regards its dependence on composition. On the other hand, no similar attention was given to the dependence of the other important martensitic (finish) characteristic temperature (Mf) on composition. In view of the foregoing, this work was thus planned to fulfill this lacking information via subzero hardening treatments of TC21 α/β alloy. Detailed analysis of the so obtained microstructures via optical and scanning microscopy, and x-ray diffraction data has led to a quantitative estimation of the Mf temperature and its composition dependence. Additionally, the hardening effect of those subzero hardening treatments was studied via hardness and microhardness measurements. Significant findings were recorded which are expected to help reaching useful property levels such as strength, wear resistance and damage-tolerance.
TC21 α/β titanium alloy
Subzero hardening
Titanium martensite
Phase transformation
aging
hardness
Microhardness
2020
05
01
1737
1756
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_58174_52cdaaf511aa0b7f70307f5457f0846b.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Effect of Geometrical Yarn Parameters: Conventional and Compact Ring Spinning on Certain Functional Properties of TiO2NPs Treated Woven Cotton Fabrics
Ahmad
Salman
Fattema
Metwally
Manal
El-bisi
Ghada
Emara
Abstract Nanotechnology became a core of many research works specially in textiles field as it is being applied to obtain such effective properties that were not exist until its applications in smart textiles. The development of fibers spinning techniques have created a relationship between the geometrical parameters of yarns and performance properties of the resulted fabrics. Fabrics woven using compact cotton yarns found to have better UV protection and water-vapor transmittance than those of combed yarns. The compactness, evenness and low hairiness of such yarns have created an integrated structure that enhanced fabrics UV protection and water-vapor passage through fabrics. TiO2NPs have improved total fabrics performance specially for UV protection, while samples of compact yarns had a better result for both properties.
Fabric wettability
Geometrical yarn parameters
Nanoparticles
Self-cleaning
UV protection
2020
05
01
1757
1766
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_56186_84a8ab2e4ca3404b13bdddb943bdd65f.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis, DFT and Antimicrobial Studies of 5,6,7,8- Tetrachloro Phthalazin-1-ol and 2,3-Benzoxazin-1(2H)-one Derivatives
Sameh A.
Rizk
Mohamed Fathy
Youssef
Ahmed M.
Mubarak
2-Aroylbenzoic acid was allowed to react with hydrazine hydrate, hydroxyl amine and methylhydrazine to afford the corresponding 5,6,7,8-tetrachlorophthalazin-1-one. The antimicrobial effect of the phthalazin-1-one in the water of the swimming pool and river can be discussed. DFT based on quantum chemical computational of the new compounds were synthesized with the objective of studying their antimicrobial activity. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral (1H-NMR, Mass spectrum, IR and Elementary analysis
phthalazine
DFT
Antimicrobial
2020
05
01
1767
1777
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53265_47271931dcf948cbc8ead999ddc5d53d.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Adsorption Modes of Natural Organic Matters on Fabricated Calcite Ooids Surfaces Using Molecular Dynamic Simulations Study
Al-Sayed
Bakr
Khaled
Zakaria
One of the major challenges in seawater reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants is the feed water quality which causing a significant RO membrane fouling. Natural organic matter (NOM) is mainly consisting of humic substances (HSs) which derived from natural degradation of some organic substances within the ecological systems and from human activities and vastly meet fouling species in natural water resources. The significant reduction (63.4%) of total organic compounds (TOC) on surface of calcite ooid grains after 3 hrs. has been studied. According to the molecular dynamic simulations (MDS), the interaction between different main molecular building blocks forming HSs and CaCO3 crystal of fabricated calcite ooids surfaces was accomplished to interpret the action of its adsorption modes.
Seawater treatment
Calcite ooids
Desalination plants
Molecular dynamic simulation
Humic substances
Natural organic matter
TOC
2020
05
01
1779
1785
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53278_c54b91df7086e8ed93c160c467e5f735.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Dunaliella salina Extract Alleviates The Toxic Impact of Dioxin Induced Endocrine Disruption in Nile Tilapia
Samah
Bassem
Marwa I.
Abd El Tawab
Tarek
Temraz
Wagdy
Bassaly
Farouk K.
El-baz
Gamila
Ali
Fagr
Abdel Gawad
Pollution of lakes and seas in Egypt become a severe problem as it produces a lot of wastes and toxic chemicals. The water pollution induces a lot of endocrine disruptions in aquatic organisms. Several endocrine organs are influencing by pollution such as testes, ovaries, pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, and adrenal organs. Propositions of upsetting endocrine chemicals (EDCs) can meddle with fish larval advancement affecting the delicate balance of the biological ecosystem. Endocrine disruption effects on reproductive cycles may affect reproductive behaviour and the development of secondary sexual characteristics. So the main objective of this research is to use marine algae, Dunaliella salina, extract in fish immunity enhancement against pollutants. Nile tilapia fish were exposed to Dioxin (as the main pollutant in the Egyptian environment) after feeding on algae extracts for one month. The results revealed that Dunaliella salina was able to protect the fish against pollution as it enhances the immune capability of Nile tilapia fish due to increase the levels of the antioxidant enzymes and decrease the protein oxidation. Additionally, Dunaliella salina extract was able to decrease the alteration in the expression of genes encoding endocrine hormones such as LH and FSH in the pituitary of Nile tilapia exposed to Dioxin in comparison to control fish. Moreover, the Dunaliella salina extract decreased significantly the DNA damage in brain tissues of Nile tilapia exposed to Dioxin compared with control fish. The results conclude that Dunaliella salina could be used as ameliorative compounds against toxicity of Dioxin.
Marine algae extract
Water Pollution
endocrine disruption
Gene expression
DNA damage
2020
05
01
1787
1798
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53690_2898646a5256b5f5c130b23fcca2adff.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Electrochemical Performance of Screen Printed Sensors for Potentiometric Determination of Anticholinergic Oxybutynine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids
Maysa
Mohammad
Gehad
Mohamed
Tamer Awad
Ali
Eman
Farag
Marwa
Mohammad
New potentiometric sensitive and selective modified screen printed electrodes (MSPE) which based on phosphotungestic acid (PTA), sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB), phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) or ammonium reineckate (RN) ion pairing agents for determination of oxybutynine hydrochloride (OBCH) were developed. The proposed electrodes have Nernstian slope values of 59.20±0.52, 58.00±0.22 and 58.52±0.22 mV decade-1 for electrodes modified with 7.5, 17.5 and 7.5 mg of RN (electrode I), NaTPB (electrode II) and PTA (electrode III) ion pairing agents, respectively. It is found that the dynamic drug concentration range at 25 (C was 1.0x10-5 - 1.0x10-2 mole L-1 with detection limit (LOD) equal 1.0× 10-5 mol L-1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) equal 3.33×10-5 mol L-1. The response of MSPEs was pH independent in the range 2.0-6.0. The investigated electrodes have fast response time of 10, 9 and 8 s for electrodes I, II and III, respectively. These electrodes have good Nernstian response in the temperature range 10–60 °C. The slope of the straight–line obtained represented the isothermal coefficient of MSPEs which were found to be 1.594 ×10-3, 2.151×10-3 and 2.377×10-3 V/ for electrodes I, II and III, respectively. The small values of the isothermal coefficient indicated the high thermal stability of the electrodes. The MSPEs showed a relatively long life time of 36 days. Pure, biological fluids and pharmaceutical formulation of OBCH were quantified using calibration and standard addition methods and the obtained results agreed with that of the official HPLC method. Validation parameters were optimized according to ICH recommendations.
MSPE
ion pairing agents
oxybutynine HCl
pharmaceutical formulation
biological fluids
2020
05
01
1799
1809
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54367_2f8f7a8db916a48f2b68d0ed263748b1.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Antimicrobial Assessments of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) Clioquinol Complexes
Hammad
Fetooh
Our goal in this article is to synthesize of four novel clioquinol (Clio) drug complexes for the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) in addition to Pb(II) . On the basis of spectroscopic, magnetic, conductance and thermal studies, the complexes have been characterized. Free ligand acts as abidentate chelate with metal ions through its two atoms Oxygen in addition to nitrogen. Structural formulas for Clio complexes have chemical formulas [Co(Clio)2(H2O)2].2H2O, [Ni(Clio)2(H2O)2].H2O, [Cu(Clio)2(H2O)2].H2O in addition to [Pb(Clio)2].2H2O . The thermal decomposition of all complexes contains metal oxides as a residue in its final degradation steps. The antimicrobial activities of the complexes are in a good assessment and the synthesized complexes have a higher activity with lipophilic nature against bacteria and fungi.
Clioquinol
FTIR
thermal analyses
electronic spectra
antimicrobial activity
2020
05
01
1811
1822
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53692_e7cd999899d57bd2032c0b5095d8eb7c.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Effect of Incorporation of Lanthanum and Cerium-doped Hydroxyapatite on Acrylic Bone Cement Produced from Phosphogypsum Waste
Tamer
Hamdy
Sahar
Mousa
Marwa
Sherief
This study demonstrates the utilization of phosphogypsum waste for preparation of hydroxyapatite, lanthanum-doped hydroxyapatite and cerium-doped hydroxyapatite. Three concentrations of doping for each rare earth elements were prepared (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 weight %( respectively to be used as nanoparticles fillers additive to enhance the antibacterial activity, mechanical properties and bioactivity of conventional polymethyl methacrylate based bone cements. The prepared nanoparticles fillers are incorporated manually in 20 weight % to conventional polymethyl methacrylate bone cement to achieve polymethyl methacrylate cement composites. The results revealed that cerium-doped in 0.5 weight % with hydroxyapatite / polymethyl methacrylate cement composite permits remarkable increase in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while preserving a reasonably adequate compressive strength, and showed much higher calcium and phosphorus ions release (P-value ≤ 0.05). Within limitation of this study, the results are indicating the opportunity of the innovative bone cement for dental and orthopedic applications.
Hydroxyapatite
Lanthanum
Cerium
PMMA
phosphogypsum
Acrylic
Bone cement
2020
05
01
1823
1832
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_56188_8c43e6f16f8654cf103c46661d7b783b.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Development of Carbon Paste Electrodes for the Selective Determination of Venlafaxine and Its Metabolite Desvenlafaxine in their Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations
shimaa
Mousa
Nahla
Ismail
mohamed
Zayed
Abstract Desvenlafaxine succinate anhydrous is a cyclohexanol and phenol derivative and metabolite of venlafaxine that functions as a Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI) class and is used as an anti-depressive agent. This research introduces design and construction of four ion-selective carbon paste electrodes for fast and simple determination of Venlafaxine and its metabolite Desvenlafaxine in pure and in their pharmaceutical formulations. The best electrodes performance were obtained with a paste composition of 55.8% graphite, 37.2% dibutylphethalate (DBP), and 7% ion-pair for Desvenlafaxine-borate electrode DV-TPB and 46.5% graphite, 46.5% o-NPOE, and 5% ion-associate for Venlafaxine-borate electrode V-TPB, and paste composition of 46.5% graphite, 46.5% DBP, and 7% ion-associate for Desvenlafaxine–phosphotungistate electrode DV-PT and 47.5% graphite, 47.5% o-NPOE, and 5% ion-associate for venlafaxine–phosphotungistate V-PT electrode. These four electrodes illustrated fast, stable and Nernstian response over concentration range of 5.96×10-5-1.00×10-2 mol L-1 for both V-TPB and V-PT sensors and 5.66 ×10-4 -1×10-2 mol L-1 for both DV-TPB and DV-PT sensors. Validation of methods shows suitability of the sensors for application in quality control analysis of drug in pharmaceutical formulation. The obtained results were compared with official method using F- and t-tests.
Venlafaxine
Desvenlafaxine succinate
ion-selective electrodes
metabolite
and ion-associate
2020
05
01
1833
1848
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_58176_28d42bbc317d83dbd63045d648118566.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Docking Study of Studying The Wetting agent Impact in The Porous Silicon Production
Marwa
Nabil
Hussien
Motaweh
Newly, porous silicon (PS) powder has been developed to meet the requirements of various fields due to its unique physical and chemical properties. In this research, the PS powder is produced using a combination of both (alkali chemical etching and ultra-sonication techniques) from commercial polycrystalline silicon powder. It shows the dependence of the crystal structure and the morphology on the value of wetting agent concentration, which is controlled on the rate of each chemical reaction in the formation process. For the first time, the PS pines shape is a product at using the preparation conditions (7 wt %KOH, 3 hours, and 15 Vol% NPA). On the other hand, the (PS) micro-rod clusters are produced with different values of both the diameter and the pore size at wetting agent concentrations variation (20, and 25 Vol% NPA). The most stable crystal structure of silicon surface is Si (111), it has a rhombohedral unit cell. By changing the wetting agent concentration value, then the crystal structure of the product powder is changed too, from rhombohedral plane Si (111) to the hexagonal plane Si (211). So, this increases the chances of using the PS product in many fields whether medical or engineering.
Porous pine silicon
Porous rod silicon
crystal structure
2020
05
01
1849
1855
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54345_1e1111eee9806e548e26fed7316e4dfd.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Structural Characterization, Thermal Analyses, Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activity of Cocaine Complexes with Mn(II) and Cu(II)
Nadia
Zaki
Walaa
Mahmoud
Ahmed
El Kerdawy
Abanoub
Abdallah
Gehad
Mohamed
Reaction of cocaine (Cn) with Mn(II) and Cu(II) chloride salts afforded complexes of the [M(Cn)Cl(OH2)3]Cl type which were structurally characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements, spectroscopic methods and mass spectroscopy. Their thermal properties were studied. The in vitro antitumor activity of the newly synthesized complexes was investigated by MTT assay on MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines. Both complexes exhibited promising cytotoxic activity on both cell lines with high safety on normal human cells. Their antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli were also included.
Cocaine
Transition metal complexes
thermal analyses
Antiproliferative activity
antimicrobial activity
2020
05
01
1857
1868
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53228_3c630101f9acb524bbed58938cca9006.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis, Characterization, Morphology and Adsorption Performance towards Cu+2 Ions of Nano-Sized Copolymers of Anthranilic Acid and o-phenylenediamine Poly(AA-co-o-PD)
Abdel-Fattah
Shaaban
Amal
Metwally
Mohamed
Azab
Amaal
Mahmoud
Hager
Ali
Nanorodes, nanosheets, nanospheres and nano-amorphous shape with different particles size of copolymer of anthranilic acid with o-phenylenediamine poly(AA-co-o-PD) were synthesized by redox polymerization initiated by FeSO4.7H2O as redox initiator and ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) as oxidant in different concentrations of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid. The influence of synthetic parameters such as acid concentration and the presence of redox initiator were investigated. The morphology and particles size were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the morphology and average particle size of polymeric nano particles according to SEM and TEM analyses were different based upon the conditions of the copolymerization. The physico-chemical characterization of the prepared nanoparticles was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Which FT-IR confirmed the structure of poly(AA-co-o-PD) nanoparticles in emeraldine form. The molecular weight was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The surface area of nanocopolymer particles was determined also by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The competition of the prepared nano-sized copolymers particles towards the adsorption of copper ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity was based on particle size of nanocopolymers and their surface area. The adsorption capacity increased with decreasing the particle size. On the other hand the adsorption capacity increased with increasing the surface area of the prepared nano-sized copolymers of poly(AA-co-o-PD).
Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs)
copolymerizetion
anthranilic acid
o-phenylenediamine
ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS)
FeSO4.7H2O
Adsorption
2020
05
01
1869
1880
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_52502_64080b604d779188331d49bafe7c1353.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Encapsulation Techniques of Food Bioproduct
Amal
Abd El-Kader
Hassan
Abu Hashish
Encapsulation is a technique in which the liquid droplets individual shells can be packed with solid particles by the continuous system. Shells may be called wall, the shells are designed to protect the material from factors that may cause deterioration. The wall design controls the release of encapsulation material core under the required conditions. The applications of encapsulation in the food industry have their importance. Sensitive materials such as essential oils and oleoresins protect from chemical reactions, oxidation and evaporation, by encapsulation in the dry form. Encapsulation of aromatic compounds preserve the organoleptic profile of the product until use and this can ensure the high quality and commercial value of the product. In this review article, several encapsulation techniques that are used commercially or are being applied in the food industry are discussed. This includes spray drying, spray cooling, spray chilling, fluid bed, extrusion, co-crystallization, co-acervation, molecular inclusions and liposome.
Encapsulation
Shells
Food industry
Bio product
Encapsulation techniques
2020
05
01
1881
1909
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53684_e386b6206eb222e3d184bb5bafb60bbf.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Effect of Acrylic Acid on The Mechanical Properties of PVA/ Starch Blend Films
El-Sayed
Negim
Bakytzhanuly
B
Urkimbaeva
P.I.
Lyazzat
Bekbayeva
Muhammad
B.H.O.
Mohamad
Mohamad
Galiya
Irmukhametova
Mun
G.A.
Grafting polymers based on acrylic acid (AA) with blend copolymer were synthesized with different ratio of AA (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5% by mass of blend copolymer) using ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The blend copolymer (PVA/S) was prepared by blending poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with starch (S) in ratio (1: 1 wt.%), in presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. The obtained polymers (PVA/S/AA) were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DTG, SEM and mechanical test. The results showed that the mechanical properties of blend films are strongly dependent on the AA. Moreover, an increase in the ratio of AA in grafted polymers, increase thermal stability, tensile strength and elongation at break.
PVA
Starch%
blend
grafting
mechanical
2020
05
01
1911
1919
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69919_cbad1a5222a8041ed2336770bd1433fd.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Date Palm Extracts phoenix dactylifera Siwi Variety
Nabil
Elsayed
Ahmed
Soliman
Aboel-magd
Abdelwahab
Walid Ahmed
Elsayed
The investigation of four extracts of Siwi date fruit (70% methanol, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and chloroform) showed good antibacterial, antifungal activities. This study includes evaluation of the antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities with determination of MIC for the four prepared extracts. Moreover, their cytotoxicity was determined against HeLa and HEK293T cancer cell lines by MTT 3-(4 , 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The antioxidant activity was determined by diphenyl-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) iminoaxonium (DPPH) method. New findings are the important elements as Ni and Si beside the essential valuable amino acid valine, and the pentoses xylose and arabinose all proved to exist in Siwi fruit never reported in any other Egyptian date varieties. Other important elements and secondary metabolites are seven unsaturated fatty acids, one phenolic acid, five flavonoids, sixteen amino acids, twenty monoterpenes and five sesquiterpenes beside an appreciable amount of dietary fibers, were also detected. No aflatoxins or pesticides were found in Siwi date fruit. Separation of all compounds was done through extensive chromatographic analysis on PC, CC and HPLC, while final purification was allowed through Sephadex LH-20. Identification of all compounds was performed by UV, Co-PC with standards, amino acid analyzer, atomic absorption, GCMS and ESIMS. HPLC was used for the test of aflatoxins with aflatoxins standard, according to association of analytical communities AOAC. Furthermore, the test for pesticides was done using LC/MS/MS according to the European Standard method EN 15662: 2008.
Key words: Phoenix dactylifera
Antibacterial
Antifungal
antioxidant
Cytotoxicity
Hela
Hek293T
2020
05
01
1921
1930
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53737_1000f8323eefe241d74c5fa7e203c4ec.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
A Comparative Study of Ultraviolet and Electron Beam Irradiation on Acrylate Coatings
Mervet
Mohamed
Heba
Mohamed
Moustafa
Moustafa
Asmaa
Eid
Talaat
Younis Mohamed
Radiation curing is the polymerization of a chemical system which is initiated by ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) irradiation. The curing, the transformation from a liquid into a non-tacky solid, is very fast and occurs in less than one second. In this work, the optimum irradiation time on curing urethane acrylate coating by using UV and the best cured dose by using EB irradiation was studied. Coating formulations were prepared by physical mixing of aliphatic urethane acrylate (AUA) and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) at different ratio (60:40), (70:30), and (80:20) to choose the optimum concentration. Cured coating films were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), and swelling properties. The wood surface that cured by UV or EB were tested for their end use performance properties like pencil hardness, adhesion, bending, chemical resistance, steam resistance, stain resistance, and cigarette burn resistance test. superior results and excellent mechanical performance of acrylate films on the surface of wood induced by EB were found compared with those induced by UV irradiation.
ultraviolet irradiation
electron beam
acrylate coatings
wood surface
2020
05
01
1931
1940
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54179_cd4bce107d9b5cb9382859387248cf81.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Improvement Wilson Equation (K-Values) of Gas-liquid Equilibrium for Advancing Estimating Bubble Point Pressure
eman
mansour
saad
desouky
Knowing the bubble point pressure of the oil reservoirs is a key factor for the petroleum engineers in order to optimize the development of the oil field starting from the discovery phase till the abandonment. Thus any considerable error in estimating the bubble point pressure will lead to errors in the production and reservoirs engineering calculations. More than six hundred Egyptian oil samples of PVT analysis were used to improve the Wilson equation (K-Values) for estimating bubble point pressure. None of the published bubble point pressure correlations is particularly accurate when applied to Egyptian crude oils. Experimental work was conducted in PVT- Services Center of Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI). In this work, the K-values correlation proposed by Wilson equation was modified by adding new terms such as API, GOR, and heptanes plus-fraction (C7+) of compositional analysis of the reservoir fluid. Multiple non-linear regression analysis is used to calculate the new equation constant after adding the new terms. The statistical error analysis shows that the Correlation coefficient , the average percent relative error , the standard deviation and the average absolute percent relative error of the modifying are 99.75 %, 1.77%, 8.08%, and 6.84 %, respectively. This correlation of K-factor can be applied not only to low and moderate pressure but also to higher pressures up to (4500 psi) by this modification. Evaluation among the bubble point pressure calculated from the modified Wilson equation and the literature published ones were done. Results confirm that the modified Wilson equation is more accurate one and it can be used for estimating the reservoir fluids characteristics in the absence of data measurement.
: bubble point pressure correlations
reservoir fluid
multiple regressions
PVT tests
gas liquid equilibrium
2020
05
01
1941
1954
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_53224_cd3c57cbfd29cd9e713ec24560cd5216.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Preparation and Characterization of Phosphate Glasses Co-doped with Rare Earth Ions
Aya
Adel
Mohammed
Farag
Mohamed
El-Okr
Tarek
Elrasasi
Mabrouk
El-Mansy,
Abstract Samarium zinc sodium phosphate glasses doped by different Er2O3 concentrations were prepared using a conventional melt quenching technique. The structural properties due to the influence of Er+3 ions on the presented glass network were investigated. XRD pattern confirms samples amorphousity. Surface morphology using SEM proved the non-crystallinity and the homogeneity of the samples. The elemental composition using EDAX analysis gave an acceptable mass percentage of the constituent's elements. FTIR revealed the formation of Non-Bridging oxygen (NBO). The measured density, molar volume, ion concentration, interatomic distance, polaron radius and field strength have been studied with respect to the concentration of Er+3.
Rare earth element
Phosphate glass
structural properties
2020
05
01
1955
1964
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_52507_044af0bd6ab48884c0933456170c219f.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis and Characterization of Low-density Polyethylene Decorated with Ag/rGO Nanocomposite for Packaging Applications
Sahar
Mohamed
A.
Abdou
A.
Shalaby
R.
Mohsen
A.
Zikry
Films of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) either blended or coated with different weight percentage (2, 4 and 6 %) of silver-modified reduced graphene oxide (Ag/rGO) have been prepared. Neat LDPE and LDPE blended with Ag/rGO nanocomposite films were prepared by simple casting method while LDPE films coated by Ag/rGO nanocomposite were prepared by applying corona discharge to the as prepared neat LDPE. The prepared samples have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, TEM, DSC and TGA. The mechanical properties and the antimicrobial activities have been examined and compared with that of neat LDPE. From the obtained results, the mechanical properties of polyethylene film were enhanced by blending with very small amount of the as-prepared nanocomposite. The tensile strength of the LDPE film increased up to 60% when added just 4 wt% of Ag/rGO nanocomposite. Coating LDPE by Ag/rGO nanocomposite did not improve the mechanical properties but exhibited antimicrobial activities against E.Coli and S.Aureus. As the % of Ag/rGO nanocomposite increased in the surface coating layer the antibacterial efficiency increased.
LDPE
Ag/reduced graphene
coating
Blending
Antimicrobial
2020
05
01
1965
1976
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_55971_e1cc84c84131a38007ac1074dd897f1b.pdf
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
Egypt. J. Chem.
0449-2285
0449-2285
2020
63
5
Synthesis of Nanoparticles Based on pH-sensitive Alginate-g-polyacrylonitrile Copolymer and Its Application in Drug Loading
Magdy
Sabaa
Riham
Mohamed
Yassmen
El-Gabry
Soliman
Soliman
Different samples of sodium alginate grafted by polyacrylonitrile copolymer were synthesized via the grafting process through a free radical polymerization mechanism. Graft structures were characterized and confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the graft copolymers acquired higher thermal stability compared to native alginate. Moreover, its solubility in several solvents was examined as compared to that of native alginate. The main outcome of this paper was that a grafted copolymer with hydrophobic enrichment (Wt% = 150 %) of polyacrylonitrile as a core was sufficient to form stabilize colloidal system within nanoparticles have Z-average diameter equal 55 nm and sodium alginate as a shell. The SA-g-PAN graft copolymer showed a higher degree of swellability in the basic medium than in acidic medium. The consequence of that was the SA-g-PAN graft copolymer exhibited pH-responsive properties. Moreover, the formed nanoparticles were loaded by a hydrophobic model and proofed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Sodium alginate
Polyacrylonitrile
Graft
Nanoprecipitation
pH-sensitive
Encapsulation
2020
05
01
1977
1988
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_54350_9ac1f8aea6e47819a4efdb7562b188df.pdf