National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Alternative and efficient method for the preparation of 2-acetamidobenzimidazoles
2247
2252
EN
Asqar
Sheraliyevich
Abdurazakov
0000-0002-5677-6794
Laboratory of technologyof the synthetic preparations, S. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
asqar2606@mail.ru
Sarvar
Sadriddinovich
Saidov
0000-0002-3993-5669
Laboratory of technology of the synthetic preparations, S. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
sarvar-saidov-1989@bk.ru
Rasul
Yangiberdiyevich
Okmanov
0000-0003-2154-0746
Laboratory for Physical Methods of Research, S. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
raxul@mail.ru
Shoxrux
Xolmirza o'g'li
Kubayev
Laboratory of technology of the synthetic preparations, S. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
kubayev.shokhrukh@bk.ru
Burkhon
Zhurayevich
Elmuradov
0000-0002-9372-8249
Organic synthesis and Plant protection department, Laboratory of technology of the synthetic preparations, S. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 100170, Mirzo-Ulugbek
b_elmuradov@mail.ru
10.21608/ejchem.2021.53188.3102
An alternative method for the synthesis of acetamidobenzimidazoles (3-6) has been developed, including the reacylation of methylbenzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate (carbendazim, MBC, 1) under the action of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids. It was shown that with an increase in the size of the alkyl group and the reaction temperature (in the case of butyric acid), due to the decomposition of the resulting product, the yield of the target acyl products sharply decreases. The obtained compounds are homologues of the anthelmintic drug - N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) acetamide (2-acetylaminobenzimidazole, 3). A possible mechanism of reacylation is presented.
methylbenzimidazol-2-yl carbamate,2-Aminobenzimidazole,carboxylic acids,2-acetylaminobenzimidazole,reacylation,crystal structure,X-Ray Diffraction
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148215.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148215_0a3cf60451f6ca9541800b49f749e89c.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Treatment of Anaemia and Malnutrition by Shamy Bread Fortified with Spirulina, Quinoa and Chickpea flour
2253
2268
EN
Ehab Th.
El-Said
0000-0003-3047-5771
Laboratories and Quality Monitoring Department, Egyptian Baking Technology Center, Elahram St., 12696, Giza. Egypt
ehabibm77@yahoo.com
Amira Sh.
Soliman
Natural Resources Department, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, 12613, Egypt
Mohamed S.
Abbas
Natural Resources Department, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, 12613, Egypt
Soher E.
Aly
Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, Food and Nutrition Industries, National Research Centre, 33 ElBohouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/ejchem.2021.55922.3195
The present investigation was conducted to promote the nutritional value of Shamy bread by supplementation of wheat flour (WF) with 20% of quinoa flour (QF) or 20% chickpea flour (CF), 0.7% spirulina powder (SP) and other mixture samples (15% CF + 5% QF + 0.70% SP). According to the obtained results, SP recorded the highest value of protein, fat, ash, magnesium, zinc, and iron, which reflected on the produced Shamy bread as final product. Also, QF recorded a higher value of protein, ash, crude fiber, zinc, and iron compared to WF. The results indicated that according to statistical analysis there are evident discrepancies for all treatments concerning protein, ash, and total carbohydrates compared to the control bread sample (100% WF). The replacement of WF by 20% QF led to a decrease in the dough stability while replacement of WF by 20% CF led to highly increase the stability of dough and recorded the highest values of alkaline water retention capacity during all storage periods consequently the same sample recorded the highest value of overall acceptability. Thus, the mixture sample recorded the highest value of protein content with the lowest value total carbohydrate for the produced beard. Keywords: wheat flour, quinoa flour, spirulina, chickpea flour, anemia, malnutrition.
Wheat Flour,quinoa Flour,Spirulina,chickpea flour,Anemia,Malnutrition
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147228.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147228_80336d393ae01ec387fbfe5e0ff6fbd5.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Benzalkoniumchloride Ionic Liquids as Novel Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Formation Water
2269
2272
EN
Noha
Bagato
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, Egypt
nabagatoa@yahoo.com
Rafat Milad
Mohareb
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University; Egypt
r.m.mohareb@yahoo.com
Y
Moustafa
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), 1-Ahmad El Zomor St., Nasr City,
yw_moustafaa@yahoo.com
R
Nessim
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
ri_nessin@gmail.com
M
Nessim
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
mnessima44@yahoo.com
M
A
deyab
Analysis and evaluation department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
hamadadeiab@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.56544.3217
New benzalkoniumchloride derivatives ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized in ≥ 97% yield and their inhibiting properties for the corrosion of carbon steel in formation water had been evaluated using chemical methods. The structures of the ILs compounds were investigated by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectrophotometer and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The designed molecular structure of ILs, with N atoms, makes it good corrosion inhibitor via the adsorption of ILs on the carbon steel surface to suppress both anodic and cathodic processes. The inhibition efficiency increases with increased ILs concentration.
carbon steel,ionic liquids,Formation water,Corrosion inhibitor
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147229.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147229_cea6c5afbb92f694cd77bb0df89d9e06.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
02
21
The Role of Organic Fertilization in Raising Potato Productive Efficiency and Water Productivity under the Conditions of Organically Poor Sandy Soil
2273
2284
EN
sahar
Mosa
Bio-Engineering Department, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
sahar_eam@yahoo.com
Dalia
elsoofy
Soils and water Dept., Fac., of Agric., ElFayoum University, Egypt
daliamohamedelsoofy@yahoo.com
Mamdouh
Abdou
Water Relation and Field Irrigation Dept., National Research Centre 33 El-Bohouth St., (formerly El-Tahrir
St.), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, Post Code 12311
mamdouhm3a@gmail.com
Abdelraouf
Ramadan
0000-0003-0055-0558
Water Relation and Field Irrigation Dept., National Research Centre 33 El-Bohouth St., (formerly El-Tahrir
St.), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, Post Code 12311
abdelrouf2000@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.61496.3323
Water application efficiency, soil organic matter content, water stress inside root zone, EC soil, yield, quality and water productivity of potato were investigated under arid and poor sandy soils in Egypt during two growing seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the Research Farm of National Research Center (NRC). Water application efficiency and the average of soil organic matter content were increased by increasing the amount of organic fertilizers applied. The values of the yield of potato and protein content and carbohydrates content were increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and it decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition. The values of the yield of potato were increased by increasing the amount of organic N-fertilizers applied up to 50% and it decreased with the continued increase in organic N-fertilizers addition. There are a set of positive effects resulted from the increase in the addition of N-organic fertilizers against one negative effect. The increase in the addition of organic N-fertilization led to an increase in the organic matter and thus increased the water application efficiency, thus a decrease in water stress and a decrease in the accumulation and concentration of salts in the area of root proliferation until reaching the best proportion of organic N-fertilization when adding 50% with 50% of mineral nitrogen fertilization, while the productivity decreased when continuing with the percentage of addition of organic N-fertilization until reaching the lowest values of productivity when organic N-fertilization is 100% where, the total percentage of nitrogen available (NO3) in the area of root proliferation decreased after the percentage of organic fertilization exceeded 50% and the negative effect of nitrogen fertilization stress on the decrease in potato productivity. Finally, the results of the study concluded that, the necessity of relying on organic nitrogen fertilization in addition to mineral nitrogen fertilization at 50% organic to 50% mineral without any significant impact on the productivity and quality characteristics of potato under arid and sandy soils conditions in Egypt.
Organic N-fertilization,water application efficiency,yield,water productivity,Water stress,potato
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150331.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150331_116179d31fb245ff6a93cdcf24dd13d8.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
The Efficiency of Organic Mulching for Improving the Water Productivity under Dry Regions
2285
2296
EN
Abdelraouf
Ramadan
0000-0003-0055-0558
Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research
Centre ,33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt, Postal Code: 12622.
abdelrouf2000@yahoo.com
sahar
Mosa
Bio-Engineering Department, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
sahar_eam@yahoo.com
Mamdouh
Abdou
Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research
Centre ,33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt, Postal Code: 12622.
mamdouhm3a@gmail.com
Ahlam S.
Allam
Soil, Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayium University, Egypt.
10.21608/ejchem.2021.61497.3324
There are many benefits for using rice straw as organic mulching as sustainable materials for saving irrigation water under sandy and drought conditions. This study investigated the effect of rice straw organic mulching on the water stress, soil salt accumulation, Microorganism activity, yield and water productivity of potato, sweet paper and cucumber crops under sandy soils conditions during 2019 and 2020 seasons in the research farm station of National Research Centre at Al-Nubariya Region, Al-Buhayrah Governorate, Egypt. There was a positive effect on the yield and water productivity by using the organic mulching by rice straw as sustainable mulch instead of plastic mulch. The rate of increase in yield of potato, sweet paper and cucumber were summarized where the highest rates of increase in productivity for all crops that were planted were achieved with the organic coverage of rice straw, with the largest amount of straw for the seasons 2019 and 2020 compared to no mulch and also compared to black plastic mulch where, the rate of increase in yield of potato were 23.4% , 30.21% and for sweet paper were 32.85% , 36.21% and for cucumber were 23.94% , 27.78% in seasons 2019 and 2020 respectively.
Organic Mulching,Water stress,Soil salt accumulation,water productivity,Microorganism activity
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150332.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150332_94a70e28cb4eb8f8cf60f45b033a947a.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis, Identification and Study of the Anti-microbial Activity of Novel Chalcone and Epoxy Chalcone Compounds
2297
2304
EN
Kawkab
Ali
0000-0001-9796-0929
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah , Basrah, Iraq
kawkab.ali@uobasrah.edu.iq
Nezar
latif
Shihab
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
nezar.latif@uobasrah.edu.iq
Bahjat
ali
saeed
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
bahjat.saeed@uobasrah.edu.iq
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57012.3233
Abstract<br /> In this study, new chalcone and epoxy chalcone synthesized by condensation of 4-acetylbiphenyl with the appropriate aldehydes. The epoxy chalcone prepared via the reaction chalcone with alkaline hydrogen peroxide in methanol. We characterized their mass spectra and 1H, 13C-NMR, and 2D-HSQC spectra to confirm their structure and absolute configuration. The target compounds were then screened for their potential antibacterial and antifungal activities. Most of the tested chalcone compounds had better activity against the fungal strains Fusarium and Aspergillus niger.
Chalcone,Epoxy Chalcone,Green chemistry,Anti-microbial activity
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148101.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148101_95b157b7f6185c85f5618ddd50a3f508.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Investigation of an Insulating Waste Conscious Material For Sustainable Building Application
2305
2314
EN
Asmaa
Eldeeb
Housing and Building National Research center, Building physics institute, Giza, Egypt
asmaphysics@yahoo.com
Eman
Taha
Department of Petroleum Applications, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
eman.omar@epri.sci.eg
Marwa
Abd ElKader
Housing and Building National Research center, Building physics institute, Giza, Egypt
marwamahmoud_1211@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57631.3243
One of the risks that threaten future generations is depletion of resources. Therefore, the exploitation of waste is one of the most successful ways to preserve resources and produce multi-use building materials. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)/ Natural Rubber / Styrene-butadiene Rubber blend (NR/SBR) and (CaCO3)/foamed NR/SBR rubber blend were prepared by mastication -vulcanization technique. Specific gravity for all samples were determined while ranged between (0.42-1.4) for (CaCO3)/foamed rubber blend and between (1.003 – 2.9) for unfoamed rubber blend. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) for samples 150 phr of foamed and unfoamed rubber was done to compare the types of matrices. Thermal conductivity of the two groups were measured. The samples with concentrations till 150 phr CaCO3 foamed rubber lies in the range of thermal insulating materials while the samples of unfoamed rubber have higher thermal conductivity values. Water absorption test was conducted. The water absorption coefficient values of the foamed rubber are lower than that of unfoamed rubber. Mechanical measurements and swelling properties were investigated for all samples. The sample with 150 phr foamed rubber blend considered the optimum sample that achieve all desired thermal and moisture insulating properties.
Foaming agent,rubber blend,thermal insulating,water proofing,thermal comfort
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147231.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147231_d6951b1476f9d67dd5a9c07c3d930536.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Supported Organoclay Nanoparticles
2315
2324
EN
Magda
Akl
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
magdaakl@yahoo.com
Mohammed A
Ibraheim
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57889.3244
Octadecylamine modified montomorillonite/poly(styrene-co-acrylamide) (Oct-MMT/PSTAM) nanogels with unique morphologies of core/shell and core/shell/shell structures were fabricated. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of The as-prepared composites revealed the formation of double and triple coated structures with average size of 152 nm and 52 nm, respectively. New nanocomposites (MHs(1-3)) were fabricated by impregnating Oct-MMT/PSTAM latex with core/shell/shell structure onto crosslinked poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) (PSAAM) of various molar ratio. PSAAM was selected as a support material because it has a higher swelling ratio and will achieve an expected compatibility with MMT/PSTAM nanogel. These MHs nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
montomorillonite,Octadecylamine,XRD,FTIR,TEM,DSC
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149106.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149106_143b0a76c5214d28a1d5bf39e775db9f.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthetic Insecticide Fipronil Induced Over Gene Expression, DNA and Liver Damage in Female Rats: The Protective Role of Fish Oil
2325
2336
EN
Amel A.
Refaie
0000-0003-2343-0356
Environmental Toxicology Research Unit (ETRU), Pesticide Chemistery Department, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
dramelrefaie@yahoo.com
Amal
Ramadan
0000-0001-9158-9559
Department of Biochemistry, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division ,National Research Centre (NRC), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
amalramadan2006@yahoo.com
Nevien M.
Sabry
0000-0002-5489-923X
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
neviensabry@yahoo.com
Wagdy
K. B.
Khalil
0000-0002-0598--7217
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
wagdykh@yahoo.com
Abdel-Tawab H.
Mossa
Environmental Toxicology Research Unit (ETRU), Pesticide Chemistery Department, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/ejchem.2021.58506.3264
Synthetic insecticide fipronil (FPN) is widely spread worldwide for controlling insects in agriculture and public health sectors. Thus, this work aimed to study the molecular mechanisms of FPN induced hepatotoxicity and the protective role of fish oil in female rats. Female rats were allocated in four groups of rats exposed to FPN and/or fish oil and control. Oxidative stress markers i.e., lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant enzymes, and liver function enzymes, butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE), histopathological lesions, DNA damage, expression alteration of apoptosis and inflammatory related genes in liver tissues were assessed. FPN treatment induced significant changes in the levels of LPO, liver function, BuChE, histopathological lesions, over-expression of tested genes and elevation in DNA damage. In contrary, treatment of FPN-exposed rats with fish oil improved significantly the negative effects of FPN on liver tissues. The molecular mechanisms of FPN might be due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and change the oxidant/antioxidant statues. The hepatoprotective effect of fish oil might be attributed to increase the antioxidant capacity prevented the ROS generation induced by FPN in female rats.
Fipronil,fish oil,Antioxidant activity,DNA damage,Gene expression,liver histopathology
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147812.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147812_87b63637ecb4b90d5212a93ca5a99950.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Biological Factors Affecting the Durability, Usability and Chemical Composition of Paper Banknotes in Global Circulation
2337
2342
EN
Ahmed Atta Fatouh
Elleboudy
Designer - Banknotes Printing House – Central Bank of Egypt.
a3ttacbe@yahoo.com
Mona Abdelhamed
Elagoz
Professor at Printing, Publishing and Packaging Department- Faculty of Applied Arts – Helwan University.
George Nubar
Simonian
Professor at Printing, Publishing and Packaging Department- Faculty of Applied Arts – Helwan University.
Mohamed
Hasanin
https://orcid.org/0
Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
sido_sci@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.59238.3275
Banknotes are widely exchanged for goods and services overall the world, which could play a role in transferring infectious diseases through contact. This study has performed the survey of the microbial contamination in Egyptian paper banknotes and their role on banknotes biodegradation, soiling, dirtiness and deterioration. Twenty four paper currency notes of all available denominations (three samples of each denomination as an example for a different period of use) were collected from different areas in Egypt. All samples were found high contaminated with bacteria except the new 50 piasters note, which was zero bacterial contamination. This study results showed that the paper banknotes can be post coated by varnish (conventional – antibacterial) or converted to using polymer may be effective or long-lasting antibacterial paper as well as in order to reduce the microbial population and exceed the negative effect of the microorganism contaminations. Moreover, many samples were found with high contamination with E. Coli which transferred mainly from human feces. Moreover, the high contamination samples were remarked high cellulase enzyme content which affect paper banknotes (cellulose).
Keywords: Banknote,cellulose,Antimicrobial,Microbial population
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145837.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145837_347e9d08055cd30990185b998e6a1335.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Carotenoids in Some Microalgae (Dunaliella salina, Scenedesmus obliquus and Spirulina platensis)
2343
2353
EN
Nabaweya
F
A. Ibrahim
professor , National Research Centre ,Pharmacognosy Department
nabibrahim5@yahoo.com
Azza
F
A. Matloub:
0000-0003-3358-5546
National Research Centre ,Cairo, Egypt
matlouba2015@gmail.com
Abo El-Khair B.
El-Sayed
National Research Centre
matlouba2002@hotmail.com
Hanan
Farouk
Aly
0000-0003-3642-1571
Deprtment of Therapeutic Chemistry , National Research Centre (NRC),El Behouth St. , P.O.12622. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
hanan_abduallah@yahoo.com
Asmaa
F
S. AbdAsmaa S. Abd Elsamiae
National Research Centre ,Cairo, Egypt, Pharmacognosy department
samy.asmaa86@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.60663.3306
In the current work, carotenoids of the three microalgae [Spirulina platensis (S. platensis), Scenedesmus obliquus (S. obliquus) and Dunaliella salina (D. salina )] were extracted, quantified and exposed to phytochemical and biological (cytotoxic, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase) activities . Also, some stress conditions were applied to S. platensis and S. obliquus to raise their carotenoid content. D. salina was found to contain the highest percent of carotenoids (0.67%) followed by S. obliquus (0.64 %), then S. platensis (0.5%). Six carotenoids were detected and identified in S. platensis and S. obliquus while four carotenoids were detected in D. salina. Lutein, β -carotene and diatoxanthin were predominant in S. platensis while β -carotene, diatoxanthin and echinenone were predominant in D. salina. Furthermore, echinenone, diatoxanthin and anthraxanthin were predominant in S. obliquus. D. salina carotenoid fraction showed potent cytotoxic activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), breast cancer (MCF-7) and colorectal cancer (HCT116) cell lines with an IC50 24.7, 66.4 and 46.7 µg/ml, respectively. Also, S. platensis carotenoid fraction showed a significant cytotoxic activity on HepG2, MCF7 and HCT116 cell lines with an IC50 31.1, 69.9 and 62 µg/ml, respectively. D. salina and S. platensis exhibited significant antioxidant activity using1, 1- diphenyl-2picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) in a concentration dependent manner. Also, D. salina and S. obliquus inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase to 60.00 and 30.00% at 10 µg/ml dose, respectively. So, D. salina and S. platensis carotenoid fractions are recommended to be included in anticancer drug researches while D. salina and S. obliquus carotenoid fractions should have a consideration in the treatment of neuro- degeneration disease.
Spirulina platensis,Scenedesmus obliquus,Dunaliella salina,Carotenoids,Cytotoxic activity,antioxidant,Anticholinesterase
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_156905.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_156905_c93bb53cb84a5b933974853b953e5916.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Thermodynamics studies on the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution by coffee husk activated carbon
2355
2367
EN
Huu Son
Ta
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
tahuuson@gmail.com
Khu
Le Van
0000-0003-0952-0144
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
khulv@hnue.edu.vn
Thu Thuy
Luong Thi
0000-0001-6597-7742
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
thuyltt@hnue.edu.vn
Dinh Hung
Nguyen
Vinh Phuc Gifted High School, Vinh Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam
hunghoacvp@vinhphuc.edu.vn
10.21608/ejchem.2021.30318.2648
Activated carbons (ACs) obtained from coffee husk by KOH activation at 650 (ACK-650) and 750oC (ACK-750), were used as an adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution. The ACs was characterized by SEM, EDX, BET, and Boehm titration techniques. The experimental equilibrium data of phenol adsorption was analyzed by eight isotherm models, which are four two-parameter equations (Langmuir, Freundlich, Elovich, and Temkin) and four three-parameter equations (Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Radke-Prausnitz, and Tóth). The results reveal that in general, three-parameter isotherms can provide better prediction than two-parameter isotherms. The best fit for ACK-650 sample is Sips isotherm, while for ACK-750 sample is Redlich–Peterson isotherm. Isosteric heat and thermodynamic parameters ΔGo, ΔHo, and ΔSo of the adsorption were determined, and the results showed that the adsorption of phenol was exothermic and physical in nature. A scale-up of a batch system is designed for 2 to 10 L phenol with an initial concentration of 100 mg L-1.
Activated carbon,isotherms,isosteric heat,phenol adsorption,Thermodynamics
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151154.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151154_dc4fb1788891adbcbc0d62f50a160688.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Study of Viscous Behavior for Amino Acid L- Glutamine Aqueous N,N Dimethyl Formamide Solution at Different Temperatures
2369
2375
EN
Suhair
Abdulhadi
Mahdi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
suhear.a@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq
Ahlam
Mohammed
Farhan
Department of Chemistry, College of science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
ahlam63a@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.41180.2834
The densities () and kinematic viscosities (ν) which was converted to the absolute viscosity () from the product of the kinematic viscosity and the density of L-Glutamine have been measured at different temperatures 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15K in aqueous 20% (w/w) dimethyl formamide (DMF) under atmospheric pressure. The value of apparent molar volume (v), limiting apparent molar volume (v ͦ ) and viscosity data have been analyzed by using Jones-Dole equation, the Jones-Dole coefficients (A and B) were calculated and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow (〖〗^) has been obtained to throw light on the mechanism of viscous flow. The results were interpreted strong ion-solvent interactions in these systems and also structure-maker in 20% DMF + 80% water mixed solvents.
Volumetric,Viscometric,amino acid,L-glutamine,dimethyl formamide
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146801.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146801_268934d3cb1dba1e7028fe2680a76de7.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Corrosion Inhibitation of Cu-Zn Alloys in NaCl Solution Using Isatin
2377
2384
EN
Tamer
H. A.
Hasanin
Chemistry department - faculty of science - Minia University
tamer.hasanin@mu.edu.eg
M
A
Abd El Malak
Egyptian financial and industrial company Assiut factories, Assiut, Egypt.
malak_doos@yahoo.com
S
AM
Refaey
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
saeed_refaey@hotmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.43225.2873
TThe effect of isatin on the corrosion of Cu-20%Zn-2%Al (alloy I) and Cu-31% Zn (alloy II) in NaCl solution has been studied using different electrochemical techniques [open circuit, potentiodynamic, and impedance spectroscopy (EIS)]. The two copper alloys were used in condenser tubes of heat exchanger for power station plant in Egyptian financial and industrial company Assiut factories. The steady state potential Es.s values increase to more negative values by increasing NaCl concentration which indicated that the destruction of pre-immersion passive film formed on the Cu-Zn surfaces. The corrosion rate of the two alloys decreased by increasing concentration of isatin, which indicated the effect of isatin as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency of isatin in 0.1M NaCl solution was 88.5 % in alloy I and 73.9 % in alloy II at a concentration 0.01M of isatin. The significant inhibition processes due to the adsorption characteristics of isatin on the two alloys surface. The chemical composition of alloy I was more resist to corrosion in NaCl solution than the chemical composition alloy II due to presence of Al.
Cu-Zn alloys,Corrosion,Isatin,inhibition,NaCl
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145755.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145755_79a313916f85c817d6942952ef87991e.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Using The Precipitation Polymerization Method
2385
2392
EN
St
Fauziah
0000-0002-0599-4011
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
stfauziah@unhas.ac.id
Andi
Magattang
Gafur
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University
andighafur.ghafur@gmail.com
Nunuk
Soekamto
0000-0001-8281-1752
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University
nunukhariani@unhas.ac.id
Paulina
Taba
0000-0001-7321-5505
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University
paulinataba@unhas.ac.id
Ajuk
Sapar
0000-0002-7278-6159
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University
ajuk.sapar@chemistry.untan.ac.id
10.21608/ejchem.2021.44820.2912
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) is a synthetic functional material that can recognize target molecules selectively. This study aims to synthesize and characterize MIP and its performance by precipitation polymerization method using methacrylic acid (MAA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Characterization of MIP was conducted by FTIR, SEM-EDS, SAA, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The effect of concentration and time on MIP adsorption ability against DEHP was also determined. SEM shows that MIP_DEHP_MAA-co-EGDMA surface morphology is arranged from more uniform, less tight, and more fine granules than NIP_MAA-co-EGDMA. FTIR characterization of MIP and NIP (Non-Imprinted Polymers) shows absorption bands of functional groups were –OH, C-H, C=O, and –C=C. SAA characterization shows MIP surface area is 137.660 m2/g, total pore volume 0.1555 cc/g, and an average pore radius 22.59 Å that indicates as mesopore material. MIP_DEHP_MAA-co-EGDMA (AE) adsorbed DEHP better than NIP_MAA-co-EGDMA. The difference value of the adsorbed DEHP (qe) was 0.212 mg/g
Synthesis,diethylhexyl phthalate,molecular imprinting polymer,precipitation
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149899.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149899_8c88e3aabef0350aea4c1786ceec2dcf.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis, Characterization and Theoretical Study of Azoimine and Using for Analysis of Palladium (II) Ion by Turbidimetric Method in Environmental Samples
2393
2403
EN
Sajda
.S.
Affat
0000-0002-7284-8823
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq
sajdasabar@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.51436.3058
Simple and rapid efficiency using the turbidity method acting for the pre-concentration and estimating of Pd (II) in environmental samples by using turbidity meter device detection. In the proposed approach, 2-(((2-(((E)-2-hydroxy-4-((E)-o-tolyldiazenyl)benzylidene)amino)benzyl)imino)methyl-5-(o-tolyldiazenyl) phenol] (A3) was synthesized and characterized by UV-visible, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectra. Additionally, the structure of chemical compound (A3) was studied the Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMOs) of (A3) were computed at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory, and the synthesized compound used as a complexing agent with as a surfactant (SDS). Parameters, which provided optimum reaction conditions, were studied such as the effect of order addition, the effect of reagent concentrations, the effect of surfactant concentration (SDS), the effect of pH solution, the effects of equilibrium measure temperature, and time. A linear calibration curve where the linearity range was found to lie between 0-60μg.L-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, the limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.40μgL-1, and the detection limit (LOD) 0.12μg.L-1. Precision and accuracy of the method were found to be RSD 2.80% and the method was applied successfully to determine palladium ion concentration in various environmental samples, was found the recovery in the range 99.0-102.44%.
Pd (II) ion,Analytical reagent,Turbidity,complex,Environmental samples
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147481.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147481_1c952d72746e850c757123c92c8fbbc2.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Preparation of New Complexes from a Mixture of Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), Paracetamol and Methyldopa with Divalent Manganese , Iron, Cobalt, Nickel and Copper, With a Study of Their Physical and Chemical Properties.
2405
2413
EN
ammar
A
Aziz
Northern Technical University
dr.amar_alshma@ntu.edu.iq
samaa
adnan
raoof
0000-0002-6607-0373
Northren Technical University
samaa_adnan@ntu.edu.iq
waseem
M
Hasan
Al-noor University College
waseem.mohammed@alnoor.edu.iq
Shakir
Mahmood
Saied
Al-Noor University College, Mosul
shakirmsaied@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.54383.3130
Abstract: <br /> New complexes with a mixture of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid ) with methyldopa or paracetamol with methyldopa were synthesized via the reflux of reaction mixture using a basic medium to deprotonate the ligands.<br /> These new complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with a mixture of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid ), paracetamol and methyldopa have characterized using FTIR , UV-visible spectra, magnetic susceptibility, flame atomic absorption, C.H.N.S analysis and melting points measurements.<br /> The two mixed ligands have been found to act as bidentate chelating agents. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) complexes coordinate to the metal ions through the oxygen of Aspirin's ester group and oxygen of the carboxyl group, while Methyldopa as ligand is coordinated through the oxygen of the hydroxyl group and the nitrogen of the amide groups. The Paracetamol was coordinated through the oxygen atom of carboxyl group and the nitrogen atom of the amide group.<br /> The stability of these new complexes depends on the size of the chelate rings, thus these ligands with a flexible organic backbone and their complexes contain five and six membered chelate rings, which have almost no strain. The molar conductance measurements for the metal complexes show non-electrolytic behavior in DMF solvent.<br /> The all synthesized complexes which show non-electrolytic properties, also were no conducting electrical current behaved as bi-dentate with octahedral geometrical isomers.
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid ),Paracetamol,Methyldopa,IR,UV,Spectrum of flame
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147227.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147227_6d4941601644af5357265a6e5efc40fd.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis, Characterization, and X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis of Zinc(II) Complex Based on 2-benzimidazolethiole
2415
2419
EN
Karwan
Omer
Ali
0000-0002-3831-5556
College of Science, University of Halabja, Halabja, Iraq
karwan.ali@uoh.edu.iq
Hikmat
Ali
Mohamad
0000-0002-3784-8318
Department of Chemistry , College of Education,University of Salahaddin-Erbil-Iraq
hikmat.mohamad@su.edu.krd
Eric
Hosten
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
eric.hosten@nmmu.ac.az
Thomas
Gerber
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
thomas.gerber@nmmu.ac.az
10.21608/ejchem.2021.55124.3155
A novel mononuclear complex of the type [Zn(S-2-BIT)3(O-SO3)(CH3OH)2] (where 2-BIT = 2-benzimidazolethiole) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and single crystal-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of the complex show that crystallizes in the triclinic P(1 ) ̅space group, with a=9.2946(13) Å, b= 10.1997(13) Å, c= 17.345(3) Å, β=105.494(7)օ, V= 1516.3(4) Å3, R1= 0.0316, wR2= 0.0843. In this complex, the distorted tetrahedral arrangement around the Zinc(II) atom is formed by three sulfur atoms from the 2-MBI ligand and one oxygen atom from the sulfate ion. The crystal lattice structure of the complex also contains two uncoordinated methanol molecules that formed N-H...O and O-H...O intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Zn(II) complex,S-donor ligand,X-ray crystallography,Distorted tetrahedral coordination
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146190.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146190_54c09614dc010a1c6beb53e4ad3c4551.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Electrochemical Evaluation of Inhibition Efficiency of Some Nonionic Surfactants Based on tolyltriazole Derivatives on The Corrosion of Cu- Zn alloy in seawater
2421
2434
EN
H.
Nady
Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts in Qurayat, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia
hashem_nady@yahoo.com
M. M.
El-Rabiei
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum-Egypt
M.
Fathy
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum-Egypt
Mohamed Attia
Migahed
Department of Petroleum Applications, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo-Egypt.
10.21608/ejchem.2021.55439.3170
Two nonionic surfactants based on tolyltriazole derivatives namely: 5-methyl-1 Decaethoxide-benzotriazole, TTA (12) and 5-methyl-1 Tetracosaethoxide-benzotriazole, TTA (24) were synthesized and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for 65Cu-35Zn alloy dissolution in aerated seawater. The corrosion inhibition capability of these nonionic surfactants has been investigated in seawater solution using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS, and scanning electron microscopic SEM/EDX measurements. According to both potentiodynamic polarization and EIS measurements, it has been found that the investigated tolyltriazoles compounds, TTAs, work as efficient inhibitors for 65Cu-35Zn corrosion and the protection aptitude raised by increasing the concentration of inhibitors. EIS measurements indicated that the charge-transfer resistances increase upon increasing the TTAs concentration. It was found that the percentage inhibition efficiency (η%) increases by increasing the inhibitor concentration. Also, the results showed enhancement in inhibition efficiencies with decreasing the molecular size of the surfactant or the degree of ethoxylation at low concentration. At high concentration, the inhibition efficiency of the different inhibitors independent on the degree of ethoxylation. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the inhibitors under investigation act as mixed type. Finally, the surface characterization of the protective film formed on 65Cu-35Zn surface was examined by using SEM and energy dispersive X-ray, EDX, techniques. Adsorption of TTA, TTA(12), TTA(24) on the surface of Cu-35Zn in seawater, follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption free energy of inhibitors on 65Cu-35Zn alloy reveals a strong physical adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface.
Tolyltriazole,Corrosion,inhibition,brass,nonionic surfactants,EIS
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145757.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145757_f663de4045ccc3385a423a2be9246f9e.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Cerium Sulfate Preparation from Egyptian Monazite's Rare Earth Cake for Its Application as Corrosion Inhibitor of Aluminum Alloy AA6061
2435
2443
EN
walid
mahmooud
Abdellah
Nuclear Materials Authority
walid_82nma@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Abdelkareem
Nuclear Materials Authority
kareemnma@yahoo.com
Amr
shaltot
Nuclear Materials Authority
amr2013eiad@gmail.com
Omneya
El-Husaini
Nuclear Materials Authority
omneya61@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.56253.3209
Pure cerium sulfate was prepared from economic natural resources using Egyptian monazite rare earth cake. About 90% of the former was extracted by tri-butyl phosphate in kerosene at the optimum conditions: 15% solvent concentration, equilibrium pH of 1.7, equilibrium time 7 min and O/A ratio of 1/1. The aim of the present work was studying the corrosion inhibition properties of cerium sulfate towards aluminum alloy AA6061 in two solutions; 1.0 M disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and 3.5 % sodium chloride (simulation of sea water). The corrosion inhibition was evaluated using electrochemical techniques under different experimental conditions. The results showed that, in the presence of cerium sulfate, the AA6061 surface is well protected due to formation of passive film composed of Ce2O3/Ce(OH)3 which precipitated on the electrode surface.
Aluminum alloy AA6061,Corrosion inhibitor,tri-butyl phosphate,sulfuric acid,cerium sulfate
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148664.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148664_22f66fd4b6c5dbfbe2837d44731f682f.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Diospyros lotus L. fruit: A potential antidiabetic functional food targeting intestinal starch hydrolysis
2445
2451
EN
Trevor
Craig
Koekemoer
0000-0002-8540-3276
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
trevor.koekemoer@mandela.ac.za
Bresler
Swanepoel
0000-0002-2797-9648
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
bresler.swanepoel@mandela.ac.za
Khaled
Rashed
0000-0003-0476-9098
Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st.-Dokki, Giza, Egypt- P.O.12622
khaledrashed178@yahoo.com
Maryna
van de Venter
0000-0003-3816-1419
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
maryna.vandeventer@mandela.ac.za
10.21608/ejchem.2021.56845.3225
Post-meal hyperglycaemia is considered a prominent therapeutic target to attenuate the progression of diabetes and its associated complications. The present study identified fruit extract of Diospyros lotus Linnaeus, of the Ebenaceae family, as an inhibitor of starch digestion through the inhibition of both alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase. The extract inhibits porcine and human pancreatic amylase with IC50 values of 82.5±2.0 and 130.4±24 μg/ml respectively. The inhibition of intestinal sucrase and maltase activity was however considerably weaker. In vitro hydrolysis of solubilised potato starch into glucose yielded comparable inhibition kinetics for 100 μg/ml D. lotus L. extract and 3.5 μM acarbose. Screening the major phenolic constituents revealed that quercetin and myricetin were the strongest alpha amylase inhibitors. D. lotus L. extract showed strong antioxidant activity; however, this provided no meaningful protection against 2-deoxy-ribose induced oxidative stress in INS-1 cells. Taken together these findings identify D. lotus L. fruit as a multi-component functional food with potential to dampen the onset and development of diabetes through the inhibition of post meal hyperglycaemia.
Diospyros lotus,diabetes,starch digestion,alpha-amylase,alpha-glucosidase,functional food
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151297.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151297_5b0213a76481405834094ae02c4f0538.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
TSDC of Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Cellulose Acetate
2453
2468
EN
Tarek
Fahmy
orcid.org/0000-0002-
Dept. of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
tfahmy_5@yahoo.com
E. O.
Abdelmuttlib
Al-Mnsoura Specialist Hospital, 35511 Mansoura, Ministry of Health, Egypt.
M. I.
Abdelhamid
Polymer Research Group, Physics Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
W. B.
Elsharkawy
Dept. of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Z. M.
Elqahtani
Dept. of Physics, College of Science, Princes Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Ryiadh, Saudi Arabia.
M. T.
Ahmed
Dept. of Physics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57068.3228
Films of cellulose acetate (CA) have been prepared by casting method using tetrahydrofuran (THF). CA films are γ-irradiated with varying radiation doses of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kGy using cobalt-60 (60Co) source. Global thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) of non-irradiated and irradiated CA samples has been investigated under the effect of various poling electric field (Ep) in a temperature range from 300 K to 440 K. It is observed that, global TSDC spectra of non-irradiated and irradiated CA samples are characterized by two relaxation peaks. One in the low temperature range ~321 K and the other in the high temperature range ~ 376-383 K are observed for non-irradiated sample. On the other hand, these temperatures are shifted towards lower temperature for irradiated samples to be located at 317 K and ~371 K. These relaxations are assigned as and -relaxation and attributed to molecular motion of the polar acetate groups, C2H3O2 and polarization of the space charges, respectively. TS-technique has been carried out to decompose global TSDC spectra of all samples into its elementary peaks and the molecular parameters such as, activation energy and pre-exponential factor are calculated for each TS peak. Relaxation map (RM) of all samples has been analyzed using Eyring transformation and thermodynamic parameters such as, enthalpy activation (H), entropy activation (S) and Gibbs free energy (G) are estimated. The compensation phenomenon was verified by the linear relationship between both enthalpy and entropy.
Cellulose Acetate,Irradiation,TSDC,Relaxation Map,Enthalpy,Entropy,compensation
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147811.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147811_917b4ddea34dae325254192bbf19998a.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis of Arylated 1,3,5-triphenyl Pyrazoline Derivatives by Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions With Antimicrobial Evaluation
2469
2481
EN
Diana Khaled
Karim
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Mustansiriyah University, 14022, Baghdad, Iraq.
Ghazwan
Salman
0000-0001-9925-1421
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Mustansiriyah University, 14022, Baghdad, Iraq.
ghazwansalman@yahoo.com
Sadiq
Al-Mansury
Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, Veterinary Medicine College,
Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.
Nahida Abdulla
Jinzeel
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Mustansiriyah University, 14022, Baghdad, Iraq.
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57726.3238
The first palladium –catalyzed coupling reactions of 1,3,5-triphenyl pyrazoline are reported. The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,5-diphenyl pyrazoline with one equivalent of arylboronic acids afforded 3-(biphenyl)-1,5-diphenyl pyrazoline in 65-78 % yield. While the Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of 3,5-bis(4-bromophenyl)-1-phenyl pyrazoline with two equivalent of arylboronic acids gave 3,5-bis(biphenyl)-1-phenyl pyrazoline in 55-75% yield. The characterization of the synthesized derivatives (5a-h) and (6a-h) was accomplished on the basis of NMR, FT-IR, and mass techniques. The newly pyrazoline derivatives have been investigated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria. The di-coupling compounds (6a-h) exhibited promising antibacterial against all four bacterial strains compared to the mono-coupling compounds (5a-h) which displayed a slight activity. The compound 6d showed a potent activity significantly more active than Trimethoprim (100μg/ml).
Catalysis,Suzuki-Miyaura reaction,Pyrazoline,Synthesis
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150004.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150004_d90f399f6db8795b69a1b56cba8f1353.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Design of an Ionic Conductor as Permanent Electrode for Monitoring Cathodic Protection System performance.
2483
2491
EN
Rania
Mahmoud
Abd elhameed
Faculty of engineering, helwan University
raniamahmoud268@gmail.com
Osama
Kareem
Egyptian petroleum research institute
okareem.121@gmail.com
zaki
Mater
Al-Azhar university
ahabdo@petrojet.com.eg
Eman
Noemy
Egyptian petroleum research institute
emnoemy57@gmail.com
yasser
youssef
faculty of engineering, Al-Azhar university
yasseryoussef76@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57698.3240
The most dominant used method for protecting the bottom of a tank is impressing a current cathodic protection (ICCP). Monitoring the CP system is critical to maintain and extend the service life of the exterior bottom of the storage tank. The bottom of the tank usually located on or near the surface of the ground and in contact with materials used to support the tank and so presents a corrosion challenge. This work presents a successful design of an ionic conductor that can be used as a monitor procedure of ICCP system for ground storage tanks bottom. The new ionic conductor system offers an accurate and efficient performance compared with old copper/ copper sulphate electrode monitoring system. The risks failure of permanent electrodes including cables disconnection and electrode dryness are increasing. Ionic conductors were used to insure proper potential monitoring. The new ionic conductor system scheme has the features of lower cost and less installation time over conventional methods.
ICCP,Storage Tanks,Permanent Electrode,Ionic Conductors
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159598.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159598_f6c982faded95d517704bed7ae645d31.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Boosting the Antimicrobial Activity of Highly Diluted Aqueous Alcoholic Sanitizers by Fortification with Essential Oil Components: I- Carvacrol
2493
2498
EN
Hamdy
A.
Shaaban
0000-0001-9470-9675
Aroma and Flavor Chemistry Department
National Research Center, Cairo
hamdy_asn@yahoo.com
Amr
Edris
0000-0001-8213-0770
Aroma and Flavor Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
amredris07@gmail.com
Asmaa
Ramadan
2Nutrition and Food Science Department, National Research Center, Cairo
asmaamr@hotmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57361.3249
The current study aims at developing alcoholic-based sanitizing formula against some pathogenic bacteria based on highly diluted (< 70.0%) aqueous isopropanol solution which is fortified with small amount of an essential oil component like carvacrol. This phenolic compound can act as antimicrobial booster for the compensation of alcohol reduction in the sanitizer. The solubility behavior of carvacrol in the aqueous alcoholic solution containing different ratios of isopropanol and water was investigated using the Gibbs’ phase diagram. Based on that, a selected formula containing 1.0% carvacrol dissolved in the highest possible dilution of isopropanol (45.0%) was chosen for testing its antimicrobial activity against some gram positive and negative pathogenic bacteria in comparison to the standard 70.0% alcohol formula without carvacrol. Results indicated that a 45.0% aqueous isopropanol solution can hold up to 5.0% carvacrol at maximum in a physically stable and homogenous sanitizing formula. Antimicrobial evaluation of the developed diluted aqueous isopropanol fortified with 1.0% carvacrol showed the same inhibition against the tested pathogenic bacteria as the standard 70.0% alcohol sanitizer without carvacrol. In conclusion, 45.0% diluted isopropanol fortified with a minimum of 1.0% up to 5.0% carvacrol (in case of intensive sanitization) can possibly be used as sanitizer for protection against some pathogenic bacteria. The practical significance of this study is the production of diluted alcoholic sanitizing formula for decontamination of surfaces against some pathogenic bacteria with the advantage of increasing alcohol dilution in order to spare the absolute alcohol reserve for more quantitative production of the sanitizer.
Alcoholic sanitizers,alcohol reduction,essential oil,Pathogenic bacteria,Carvacrol
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147230.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147230_6ea45e68c954d8ffc42e1e79d14efde0.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Nano-Bioremediation of Municipal Wastewater Using Myco-Synthesized Iron Nanoparticles
2499
2507
EN
Osama
Darwesh
https://orcid.org/00
Agricultural Microbiology Dept., National Research Centre, Egypt
darweshosama@yahoo.com
Maisa
Shalapy
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
maisashalapy6@gmail.com
Alaa
Abo-Zeid
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
alaa.abouzeid@science.tanta.edu.eg
Yehia
Mahmoud
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
yehia.mahmoud@science.tanta.edu.eg
10.21608/ejchem.2021.60921.3307
Metal nanostructures have potential effective impacts with many arenas like catalysis, sensors, optics, electronics, functional materials, environment and medicine. Thus, iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were mycogenic synthesized in this study as effective antimicrobial agent and heavy metals removers. The isolation of 37 fungi were done from contaminated 10 soil (with iron ions or metals) samples and they screened. The most powerful fungal isolate was Fusarium oxysporum. Biosynthesized FeNPs size were 0.7 to 3 nm (high small size) with spherical shape based on TEM analysis. However, XRD, FT-IR analyses confirmed that characterization and led to form iron at zero valent. The obtained FeNPs were used as antibacterial agent against broad spectrum of environmental pathogens with minimum amounts (about 20 µg/ml) compared with reference antibiotics. This drive for using it to control microbial pathogens through municipal wastewater. For its high adsorption activity, it is used for removing heavy metals from their contaminated wastewater.
Nano-bioremediation,Municipal wastewater,Antibacterial activity,Heavy metals,FeNPs
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150330.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150330_043ced61a2a41a7d483954a71a41e774.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis and characterization of γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 nanoparticles using a facile, inexpensive auto-combustion approach
2509
2515
EN
Magdy Ibrahim
Ahmed
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, benha, egypt
magdykandile@gmail.com
Hossam
Samir
Jahin
Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring, National Water Research Center, Elakantir 13621, Egypt
dr.hossam.jahin@gmail.com
Hassan
Ali
Dessouki
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13815, Egypt
hassan.dessouki48@gmail.com
Mostafa Yassin
Nassar
0000-0002-5177-9777
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt
m_y_nassar@fsc.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/ejchem.2021.61793.3330
In the present work, we have developed a facile, inexpensive, auto-combustion method for the synthesis of γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 nanoparticles. This was performed by employing aluminum nitrate as an oxidant and glycine as a fuel. The γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 nanoparticles were obtained by calcination of the combusted products at 800 °C for 2 h and at 1000 °C for 1 h, respectively. The generated alumina nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and thermal analyses (TG and DTA). The average crystallite sizes of γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 nanoparticles were estimated to be 5.8 nm and 15 nm, respectively. The TEM results revealed that the prepared alumina nanostructures were of low agglomeration degree. The proposed method exhibited that the phases of the produced alumina nanoparticles could be carefully tuned by the adapted experimental conditions.
γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 nanoparticles,auto-combustion synthesis,Glycine fuel, characterization
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148716.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148716_0813ad4d0c5b8bbcf89c7bf618da0303.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
02
21
Improving the Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyolefins Using Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
2517
2523
EN
Mona
Ahmed
Petroleum Applications Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
mona_chemist17@yahoo.com
Mohamed
Elshafie
Petroleum applications department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, Egypt.
mohamedepri@yahoo.com
Usama
Kandil
0000-0002-2918-8444
Petroleum Applications Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
alfa_olefins@yahoo.com
Mahmoud
Reda
Taha
0000-0002-3707-9336
Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
mrtaha@unm.edu
10.21608/ejchem.2021.62554.3341
Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) has gained considerable attention because of having a combination of rubbery and thermoplastic properties and ease of production. Their excellent weather resistance, low density, and relatively low cost make them attractive materials for the automotive, electrical, footwear industries and membranes for water treatment. Their main shortcomings are poor mechanical properties, especially at low temperatures because of the opposing trends of stiffness and toughness. In this paper, recycled low density polyethylene (RLDPE) was integrated with ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) incorporating very low content of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) to improve the mechanical properties of the produced TPO nanocomposite. TPO has been prepared through the combination of 40, 50, and 60 wt.% RLDPE and 40, 50, and 60 wt.% EBDM. The improved TPO composition was then reinforced with 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.% MWCNTs-COOH to produce TPO nanocomposites. The compounding of TPO and its nanocomposites was done by melt mixing followed by heat pressing. Mechanical and thermal behaviors of the TPO nanocomposites were investigated. Tensile tests showed that the TOP (60-40) is the best improved concentration; the storage modulus of nanocomposites was enhanced by increasing MWCNTs-COOH concentration. In addition, modulus, stress/strain and toughness of TPO were enhanced by adding 0.5 wt.% MWCNTs-COOH. Thus, MWCNTs-COOH reinforced TPO due to not only its large aspect ratios but also due to its interaction with both the TOP matrix and the combatibilizer. The results of microstructural investigations of the prepared TPO nanocomposite using FTIR and TGA confirmed the interaction between MWCNTs-COOH and TPO matrix
Thermoplastic Polyolefin,Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA),Nanocomposites,carbon nanotubes
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150334.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150334_7e5ce0d56744f781c0a4f0bb47df25a1.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Screening for pesticide residues in soil and crop samples in Egypt
2525
2532
EN
Salah
Hamza Elmahdy
Salem
Department of Food Toxins and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
salah_n82@yahoo.com
Sally
Abd-El Fatah
Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
simaged@yahoo.com
Gomaa
Nour-Eldein
Abdel-Rahman
0000-0002-6193-9033
Food Toxins and Contaminants Dept.,
National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
gomaa.nrc@gmail.com
ِAhmed
sayed Morsy
Fouzy
0000-0001-8178-713x
Food Toxicology &amp;Contaminants Dept., Industries foods &amp; Nutrition Division National Research Centre,33, el behos,Dokki, Egypt.
amoursy@hotmail.com
Diaa
Marrez
Food toxins and contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
diaamm80@hotmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.64117.3374
Pesticide application is an important issue in intensive agricultural production to achieve self-sufficiency in food production. This study aimed to the determination of pesticide residues from soil samples cultivated with different crops. Forty soil samples from four governorates, ten samples each (Kafr El-Sheikh, El-Beheira, Giza, and Menoufia) were collected for pesticides multi-residual analysis. Also, fifteen vegetable samples were collected from Giza governorate and analyzed for the presence of pesticide residues. Obtained data revealed that soil samples of Giza governorate recorded the highest level of pesticide residues contamination with 70% positive samples followed by Kafr El-Sheikh and Menoufia governorates with 60% positive samples and finally El-Beheira governorate recorded the lowest level of pesticide residues contamination with 30% positive samples. Regarding the levels of pesticide residues in vegetables and crops, about 53.3 % of tested samples (onion, sweet potato, molokhia, cabbage, beet, okra, eggplant, and lettuce) were free from pesticide residues. Meanwhile, about 46.7 % of tested samples (wheat, rocca, green dill, tomato, radish, pepper, and green parsley) showed pesticide residues with different types and concentrations. Propiconazole was the highest residue recorded in green dill with 3.8 mg/kg followed by difenoconazole with 3.22 mg/Kg present in green parsley.
Pesticide Residues,Contamination,Determination,vegetable crops
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159987.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159987_1d7bf2e0706ae45d1964f37341dcf378.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Chemical Vapour Deposition of CdS Thin Films at Low Temperatures from Cadmium Ethyl Xanthate
2533
2538
EN
Sabeeh
Jassim
0000-0002-2347-6314
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
dr.sabeehjassim@uomisan.edu.iq
Ahmed
Abbas
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
ahmedjmn@uomisan.edu.iq
Mundher
AL-Shakban
Department of Physcis, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
mundher.al-shakban@uomisan.edu.iq
Luma
Ahmed
0000-0002-0338-6637
Department of chemistry, College of science, University of Kerbala
luma.ahmed@uokerbala.edu.iq
10.21608/ejchem.2021.60695.3451
Thin films of nanometer sized cadmium sulfide were directly prepared by aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AA-CVD) method, cadmium ethyl xanthate complex was used as precursor material at 225 oC, 250 oC and 275 oC. The thermal decomposition of complex was characterized by thermal analysis, (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)). The prepared CdS thin films have been characterized by XRD and SEM- EDX analysis. TGA curves ensured that the rapid decomposition of [Cd(S2COEt)2] gives a CdS in single step between 150 oC and 200 oC. XRD patterns confirmed that the CdS particles crystalized as a hexagonal crystallographic phase at low temperatures. The grain size of particles increased with increasing the preparation temperatures from 225 oC to 275 oC,. The spherical CdS nanoparticals were observed in SEM analysis.
Chemical Vapour Deposition,Cadmium Sulfide, Thin Film,low temperatures
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_160589.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_160589_0483b03444d5197953dc87f250bdfa92.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis of Dibenzofurans Possessing Anti-Allergy, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimalarial and Treatment of Skin Conditions
2539
2556
EN
Gaber
O. Moustafa
Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622-Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
gosman79@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.69151.3513
This review focuses on reports regarding the isolation and/or synthesis of naturally occurring dibenzofurans with demonstrated anti-allergy, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial and treatment of skin conditions. It is not a comprehensive discussion of all such compounds, but is instead intended to illustrate the range of biological activity possessed by such compounds, the variety of sources from which they can be isolated, and the various synthetic methods by which they can be prepared.
dibenzofuran derivatives,Anticancer activities,polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins,polychlorinated biphenyl
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_161118.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_161118_9cd13a998630451cb3b32193c7937b14.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Production of safe and antimicrobial ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber vulcanizates for toys and medical applications
2557
2566
EN
Doaa E.
El Nashar
0000-0001-9836-7908
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
doaaelnashar@yahoo.com
Fahima M.
Helaly
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
Aman I.
Khalaf
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
Nehad N.
Rozik
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
Heba
Kandil
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
heba_saladin@yahoo.com
A.A.
Koriem
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
Abdelmohsen M.
Soliman
Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 Elbehouth st., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
10.21608/ejchem.2021.47986.2982
The present work deals to prepare safety rubber goods for medical and kids toys applications. The rubber used in this study was ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). The incorporated additives used to obtain promising results for safety rubber goods are ZnO of particle size 26 nm, potassium alum and tetracycline. Two fillers were used like CaCO3 and bentonite. The rubber and its specified ingredients were mixed through the ordinary industrial mixer applied. The compounded rubber was vulcanized by a hydraulic press according to the time determined from the rheological test. The physico-mechanical properties and the cytotoxicity tests of the EPDM rubber vulcanizates were evaluated.<br /> The results showed that rheological properties of the vulcanizates depend on the type of filler; CaCO3 and bentonite used. The scorch time decreased with increasing filler concentrations. The minimum and maximum torque as well as the cure rate index were increased with increasing the filler concentration. The data obtained showed the improvement of the physicomechanical properties of the vulcanizates in presence of 10-20 phr fillers . Moreover, there is no great differences in the rheological and physicomechanical properties of the prepared vulcanizates in the presence of the bioactive materials such as ZnO, potassium alum, and tetracycline due to their good compatibility and distribution of these materials in the vulcanizates as clarified from the results of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of cytotoxicity test on the prepared vulcanizates towards human normal cell lines showed good safety property therefore, the cytotoxicity activity of EPDM/Bentonite at 100 ppm was about -58.5 % , while, the antimicrobial activity of EPDM/Bentonite/2.5 ZnO towards Gram -ve or Gram +ve bacteria was good. These promising results push us to use EPDM rubber vulcanizates for producing safe and antimicrobial rubber goods in various industrial and medical applications.
Antimicrobial,safety,ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM),Cytotoxicity,medical applications
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145756.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145756_addc746edcd44c5757d9b0694bf2fdc4.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Occurrence And Exposure Risk Of Mono-Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Selected Petroleum Product Jetty Impacted Soils From The Niger Delta, Nigeria
2567
2578
EN
Onoriode
Onos
Emoyan
0000-0002-1402-7701
Department of Chemistry Faculty of science Delta State University Abraka Nigeria
emoyanonos@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.40450.2821
This study evaluated the occurrence and human exposure risk of mono-aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o,p-xylene (BTEX) in soils from petroleum product jetty from the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Samples were collected from the top (0-15 cm), sub (15-30 cm), and bottom (30-45 cm) soil depths. The MAHs components were determined using Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (HS-GCMS). The individual and ƩMAHs concentrations ranged from not detected (ND) to 1528 µg kg-1 and ND to 2512 µg kg-1 respectively. The total cancer risks were within the low category. The source identification indicated that the origin MAHs species are attributed to solvent, paints, and gasoline-diesel spill and particulate emission from gasoline/diesel combustion exhaust in the vicinity of the petroleum product jetty. This depicts the presence of low molecular weight petroleum fractions such as gasoline and kerosene that could exhibit toxicological and carcinogenic effects to organisms in soils within the jetty. Clean-up actions should be carried out to prevent the accumulation of MAHs in soil-plant uptake and the potential ecological and human exposure risks of MAHs in the surrounding soil and aquatic ecosystem
MAHs,petroleum product jetty,exposure risk,soil pollution,Niger Delta
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_163974.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_163974_743c30cc41fd78af84217303732f7453.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
The use of Miscellaneous Scientific Methods in Characterization and Analyzing the Gilding Cartonnage Tape for the Late Period.
2579
2592
EN
Heba
sayed
galal
conservation and restoration dep. fayoum uni.
hsg00@fayoum.edu.eg
hamada
sadak
ramadan
Conservation Dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University, Egypt
hsr@fayoum.edu.eg
Mohammed
sayed
Abdel-Aziz
0000-0001-9151-5920
Microbiology and Biotechnology Chemistry National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
mohabomerna@yahoo.ca
Naglaa
Mahmoud
Conservation Dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoume University, Egypt.
nma00@fayoum.edu.eg
Rabea
radi
General Manager of Presidential Palaces and Museums Restoration Authority - Ministry of Antiquities- Egypt.
rabearadi1976@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.61943.3337
The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the colors, media, and ground layer used in the late era of the ancient Egyptian civilization by analyzing the gilded cartonnage tape based on the use of various examinations and analyzes, such as the use of optical microscopy, stereo microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in examining samples of cartonnage and its damage. Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope with EDX and infrared (FTIR) to analysis the cartonnage tape.<br /> The piece is gilding cartonnage tape dating back to the a late-era, that suffered from some problems such as cracks in the ground and pigment layer, Separate of linen layers of each other's investigate by optical, stereo, scan microscope. The results show that ground layer consists of two layers, the first one is composed of calcite (CaCO3) with small amounts of quartz (SiO2). The second one composed of calcite, gypsum and quartz. Silver and gold in the gilding layer and cuprorivaite, wollastonite and SiO2 content in blue color.
tape,Gilding,Ground layer,Pigment,SEM,XRD,FTIR
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149522.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_149522_554bad3e932270ba5eea24a1b2044f17.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Studying and Evaluating Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene
2593
2605
EN
Ameen
Abdelrahman
Renewable Energy Science & Engineering Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science, Beni-Suef University,
chem.shaha@hotmail.com
Asmaa
hamouda
0000-0002-1991-2347
Environmental Sciences and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
asmaa_hamouda@yahoo.com
Hamdy
Mohamed
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
hamdyfm@gmail.com
Ayman
Zaki
Department of Materials Science and nanotechnology, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University,Egypt
ayman_h_zaki@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.48239.2988
Renewable energy and alternative fuel from different conventional resources such as biomass, plastic waste, and recyclable polymers are impertinent environmental issues worldwide. Furthermore, to replace fossil fuel and reduce greenhouse gas emissions that have a negative impact on climate change. This article exhibits the effect of metal oxide composite/clay in the thermal decomposition of Polypropylene. That hetrocatalyst composed nano-clay thin layer loaded with MnO2 –NPs works on cracking of polypropylene under different reaction conditions like heating temperature, rate of reaction, reaction time, and composite loading ratio. Various techniques such as GC and TEM were used to characterize pyrolysis gases and char, in addition to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for composite characterize. High gas yield and char rate conversion were obtained using synthesize composite.
Clay metal oxides,Plastic waste, Catalytic thermochemical cracking,polypropylene
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151156.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151156_02dbf09ba05d8e9fd2becba44eecfe11.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Studying the adsorption energy of CO gas molecule in different nano-systems using density function theory
2607
2612
EN
Mohammed A.
Al-Seady
University of Babylon, Environmental Recharge and Study Center, Babylon, Iraq
Eman
Ahmed
Al-Mustaqbal University College-Medical Physics Department-Babylon-Iraq
eman.abdelnaby@57357.org
Hayder M.
abduljalil
University of Babylon, Collage of Science- Physics Department, Babylon, Iraq
Ahmed Abdul-ridha
Kahewish
University of Babylon, Environmental Recharge and Study Center, Babylon, Iraq
10.21608/ejchem.2021.55434.3169
In this report density function theory calculations were used to computed ground state properties for pure and Aluminum doped nano-system (graphene/boron-nitride). Ground state calculation provide relaxation structure, molecular orbital energy, adsorption process and charge transfer. Hybrid function used in this study was (B3LYP) and basis set 6-31G*. bond length calculation for pure and doped nano-system was agreements with experimental measurements. Adsorption energy calculations show low energy raising during interaction between gas molecule and surface of nano-systems. Also, result show that type of adsorption was physical. Molecular orbital energy doesn’t effect during interaction process. Charge transfer calculation show that CO gas molecule act as donor in system pure graphene, boron-nitride and Al-graphene and act as acceptor in Al-boron-nitride.
Adsorption energy,Energy Gap,Physical adsorption,charge transfer,Molecular orbitals
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_153910.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_153910_371916befdb2d08bd2c2d37db967d7a8.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Evaluation of quality attributes, antioxidant activity and volatile compounds of two cactus pear juices blended with guava juice
2613
2622
EN
gamil
E
Ibraheim
https://orcid.org/00
Chemistry of Flavour &amp; Aroma Department, National Research Center
gamilemad2000@gmail.com
Mahmoud
A
Elwakeel
Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
elwakeeel@hotmail.com
Ahmed
S
Hussein
0000-0001-6297-3439
Food Technology Dept., National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
a_said22220@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.58555.3263
The current investigation carried out on blends of two species from cactus pear (CP) juices with guava juice to evaluate the changes in physicochemical properties, ascorbic acid, phytochemicals, antiradical activity as well as volatile compounds. The blends of purple CP showed a significant increase in pH, TSS and ratio of TSS/TA values compared to blends of green CP with guava juice. An opposite trend had occurred in determination of titratable acidity. Ascorbic acid concentration in blends ranged from 52.46 to 59.43 mg/100 mL in T1 and T3 respectively. The blends showed a remarkable increase in total phenolic content with the increase of cactus pear in blends in formula to reach the maximum level at T1 and T3. Against reducing power, the antiradical activity was generally higher than that of DPPH by factor about 1.3 at T1 and 1.4 at T6. The radical scavenging activities of studied blends were in the range of 8.37 – 13.46 μmol TE/100 mL in T6 and T1 respectively when the determination carried out using DPPH assay. The highest score of panellists recorded for the T3 [(3) purple pear: (1) guava juice). Therefore, this blending ratio subjected to GC-MS analysis. A total of thirty volatile compounds were identified; the major alcohols in T3 were 1-hexanol and linalool which represent 12.35% and 7.23% respectively.
cactus pear,guava,physicochemical,antioxidant,volatile
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145766.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145766_0d4467b05fa8344fb3a78dfc649d2dec.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
02
21
Effect of SBR/Waste Ceramic Powder Nanocomposite on High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Binder
2623
2630
EN
Zeinab
Abo-Shanab
0000-0001-8457-4594
Petroleum apllications department, Egyptian petroleum Research Institute, Nasr city, EGYPT.
zeinab_chemist@yahoo.com
M.
A.Ahmed
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute
mona_chemist17@yahoo.com
M.
Elshafie
Petroleum applications department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Cairo, Egypt.
mohamedepri@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.62484.3340
Modifying asphalt binder with styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) improves low temperature performance (resistance to cracking), elastic recovery, and ductility of binder. However, some of difficulties were found at high temperatures susceptibility (Rutting), and low storage stability (compatibility). Therefore, the aim of this study is to resolve these defects (rutting and compatibility) by formulating SBR/ waste nanoceramic powder (WNCP) nanocomposites. Three nanocomposites formulations are fabricated from SBR/WNCP with mass ratios (90:10), (80:20), and (70, 30) respectively. The prepared nanocomposites are assessed by XRF, XRD, and DLS. Asphalt binder is modified by 5wt% from each fabricated nanocomposite. Physical tests of modified asphalt binder including softening point, penetration, and penetration index are measured. The high temperature performance; rutting factor (G*/sindelta) is studied with DSR before and after exposure to short term aging. The compatibility of modified binder was studied by conducting storage stability test. Results confirmed that fabrication of SBR/WNCP nanocomposite enhance the compatibility, storage stability, and stiffness of blended binder. Also, DSR results approved that the rutting resistance of binder is enhanced.
Asphalt binder,SBR,Ceramic powder waste,rutting,storage stability,Nanocomposites
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150333.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150333_555797114644e4462d8f7b9fd61e90f7.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Different Potential Biological Activities of Benzimidazole Derivatives
2631
2646
EN
Asma S.
Al-Wasidi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University,
Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
asalwasidi@pnu.edu.fa
Moamen S.
Refat
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, Al-Hawiah, Taif
21974, Saudi Arabia,
msrefat@yahoo.com
Ahmed M.
Naglah
0000-0003-4377-5239
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC),
College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia,
anaglah@ksu.edu.sa
Ahmed A.
Elhenawy
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Boys'Branch), Nasr City, Cairo,
Egypt
aelhenawy@bu.edu.sa
10.21608/ejchem.2021.71477.3570
It has been demonstrated that most of the various derivatives of benzimidazole have distinct biological activity that gives clear promises to treat many different diseases, and for this wonderful reason, all the different new formulations based on benzimidazole remain of high concentration of interest to most scientists interested in the pharmacological fields. In this review article, we focused on mentioning many different derivatives of benzimidazole and studying its biological activities for humans and animals alike. In addition, in this reference article we have also focused on the more active benzimidazole derivatives that have shown significant pharmacological effect among patients.
Benzimidazole,Heterocyclic,Substituted benzimidazole,Pharmacological activities,Rivoglitazone,Candesartan
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_164696.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_164696_a6f1f862aeffcb5c3fefc7579ac577cb.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Synthesis and characterization of some new five and seven-membered heterocyclic compounds derived from mefenamic acid
2647
2652
EN
Zaidoon
Kahdim
0000-0002-8863-4977
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
zaidoonjwad@uomisan.edu.iq
Ali
Raheem
0000-0002-1489-7176
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
ali_uom89@uomisan.edu.iq
10.21608/ejchem.2021.65196.3461
Five and seven-membered heterocyclic compounds were prepared from mefenamic acid, which was esterified with absolute ethanol to give amino benzoate (Z1). The ester reaction with hydrazine hydrate gave benzohydrazide (Z2), then converted into Schiff base by using p-hydroxy benzaldhyde to give hydroxy benzylidene (Z3). Then the compound (Z4) gets us by reaction hydroxy benzylidene (Z3) with 2-mercoptoacetic acid. The interaction between benzohydrazide (Z2) and Cs2 with NaOH gave salt (Z5), which was acidified with HCl to give thiol (Z6). The compound (Z6) treated with hydrazine hydrate gave hydrazine (Z7), then converted into Schiff base by using benzaldhyde towards oxadiazol (Z8), which was interaction with maleic and phthalic anhydrides to give (Z9, Z10) respectively. The compounds that attended were diagnosed with their FTIR, 13C-NMR, and 1H-NMR spectral data. The aim of this study is to prepare heterocyclic compounds derived from mefenamic acid that may be used in the field of the medicinal drug industry.
Mefenamic acid,Heterocyclic,oxazepine
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159923.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_159923_b87132e51a9043a0cc0e9c583e4c1185.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
02
24
Synthesis and evaluation of in vitro biological activity of new series of quinazolinone and benzoxazinone derivatives
2653
2661
EN
Abdelmotaal
Abdelmajeid
0000-0002-3436-2240
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
a.elshiekh@fsc.bu.edu.eg
ali
Abdelmaboud
Ali
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
aly.maboudaly@fsc.bu.edu.eg
Manar
Tarek
Ashour
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
manartarik6460@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.61385.3319
A convenient synthesis for 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl quinazolinone derivatives is described via facile cyclization of anthranilic acid with succinic anhydride and upon reaction with glycine afforded 3-glycinyl quinazolinone derivative (2), which then treated with thiosemicarbazide and produced 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl quinazolinone derivative (3). Also, the key intermediate isothiocyanatobenzoazinone (13) is synthesized and checked for the synthesis of triazolyl-(14), oxooxazolidinyl-(15) and triazinanyl-(16a,b) benzoxazinone scaffolds by reaction with phenylhydrazine, glycine and urea and/ or thiourea, respectively. <br /> Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against selected bacterial and fungal strains and compared with penicillin and compounds 6, 7b, 10b, 11, 14 and 16b exhibited promising activity as compared to the tested standard.<br /> The structures of the products were assigned and confirmed on the basis of their elemental analyses as well as spectral data (IR, MS and 1H NMR).
Thiadiazolylquinazolinones,isothiocyanato benzoxazinone,N-heterocycles,Scaffolds,antimicrobial activity
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151555.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_151555_40b209fe7867b05a7a35d8a5f6ab78c4.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Phytochemical Constituents of Ulva Lactuca and Supplementation to Improve The Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Haemato-Biochemical Status
2663
2670
EN
Amani
Mohamed Diaa
Elmosallamy
0000-0003-2853-6870
Prof.Dr. at zagazig university department of Organic chemistry
amanimd@hotmail.com
Talaat
Nagy
Amer
Central laboratory for aquaculture research, fish nutrition department, Egypt
talaatnagy@yahoo.com
Sally
Zidan
Mohamed
Central laboratory for aquaculture research, fish nutrition department, Egypt
sallyzidan100@yahoo.com
Yossef
Mohamed
Ali
Zagazig University, faculty of veterinary medicine, biochemistry department, Egypt
adam.elsayed307@yahoo.com
Sahar
Awad Allah
Hussein
0000-0002-6305-508X
Head of department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics,Division of Pharmaceutical Industries,National Research Center, El Buhouth st., Dokki
Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
drsahar90@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.60453.3296
This study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical constituents and biological screening of green algae (Ulva lactuca ) methanolic crude extract. The HPLC spectrum profile identified seven phenolic and flavonoid compounds namely: catechin, chlorogenic ,caffeic, quercetin, and major compounds, ellagic acid with 60.87 % and rutin with 33.40% of total area. The GC profile of fatty acids portions represented to relative distribution percentage were 9 compounds, the major fatty acids are lauric acid 55.0 % , caprylic acid 21.2 % , capric Acid was 19.8 and palmitic acid was 1.94% . The 17 amino acids produced from GC spectrum , the percentage of total amino acid were 25.98% .The most abundant amino acids were glutamic acid 2.34% , alanine 2.22 and aspartic 2.09, leucine 1.33 , valine 1.26 , phenylalanine 1.0 , therionine 0.98 and isoleucine 0.9%. of total amino acid. Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) diets were divided into Ulva fermentation and multi enzymes, groups each with three different supplementations (LC, PRO, and LC + PRO). The result recorded the diets containing fermented Ulva with L-carnitine, probiotic ( LC+PRO) was the highest level of red blood cell ( RBCs , HGB) by 1.97 cmm , 10.63 g/d . Similarly, increase of Hematocrit (HCt) , WBCs, platelets, and lymphocytes due to the highest level of protein, albumin, and globulin in this diets also, U. lactuca contains a number of complex carbohydrates and polysaccharides.<br /> This study has revealed that U. lactuca seaweed is a rich source of protein ( 22% ) which is nutritionally superior to the terrestrial plant proteins and can be used to provide significant proportions of the protein requirements of fish as well as for human.
Ulva lactuca,phenolics and flavonids,HPLC,GC,total fatty and Amino acid,Nile tilapia,hematology and biochemical parameters
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147282.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_147282_23439c7f70d82e743b18dc2821ac7159.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Cyclic Voltammetric studies of the interaction of cupric chloride with (Z)-4-oxo-4-((4-selenocyannatophenyl)amino) but-2-2nonic acid , (Chal) in KCl solutions using glassy carbon electrode.
2671
2678
EN
Esam A.
Gomaa
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516-Mansoura, Egypt
esam.gomaa47@yahoo.com
Farid I.
El-Dossoki
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University
feldossoki@yahoo.com
Rania R.
Zaky
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516-Mansoura, Egypt
rania.zaki@yahoo.com
Saad
Shaaban
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516-Mansoura, Egypt
Fatma A.
Attia
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516-Mansoura, Egypt
fa6ma3adel206@gmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.44261.2903
To predict and analyze the complexation behavior between the challcogen ligand (Chal) (Z)-4-oxo-4-((4-selenocyannatophenyl)amino) but-2-2nonic acid, and metal ion in aqueous solution cyclic voltammetric studies of copper chloride salt [CuCl2] in absence and presence of chalcogen ligand (Chal), (Z)-4-oxo-4-((4-selenocyannatophenyl)amino) but-2-2nonic acid were performed. From these studies, some values were evaluated (the values of solvation and kinetic parameters [Ep (peak potential), Ip (peak current), D (Diffusion coefficient), ΔEP (peak potential difference), E½ (half wave potential), ks (electron transfer rate constant), Г (surface coverage) and Qa (quantity of electricity)]. the effect of different scan rate and concentration of above the calculated quantities were evaluated and discussed.
Cyclic voltammetry,chalcogen ligand,(Z)-4-oxo-4-((4-selenocyannatophenyl) amino) but-2-2nonic acid Ip (peak current),E½ (half wave potential),ks (electron transfer rate constant)
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146189.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_146189_07e8c4001130a7fe7ffa90ec85c93671.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Blends Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Alcohol, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone
2679
2684
EN
Madher
Alfindee
0000-0001-5203-8500
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
madher.abdulla@uobasrah.edu.iq
Zainab
J.
Sweah
Polymer Research Center/University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
zainab.sweah@uobasrah.edu.iq
Tahseen
A.
Saki
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University os Basra, Basra, Iraq
tahseen.saki@uobasrah.edu.iq
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57276.3234
Two libraries of crosslinked polymer blends were synthesized and characterized. The polymer blends were prepared from carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone in 1:1:1 ratio using solvent casting method. Two crosslinking agents were used: glyoxal and glutaraldehyde for the first and second libraries respectively. Both crosslinking agents were used in three different ratios (10,15, and 20%). The mechanical properties of the polymer blends were tested using morphology, and swelling ratio methods for the crosslinked polymer blends only. The results confirm that the degree of crystallinity was altered during blending and crosslinking when the original polymer blend compared to itself after crosslinking. The maximum elongation εM% was found when the crosslinking agent ratio was 15%. The polymer blend D with glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent had the maximum elongation εM% =17.533, and about 0.565 Mpa Young modulus. While polymer blend B with glyoxal as crosslinking agent had maximum elongation εM% = 11.115, and about 0.593 Mpa Young modulus. Finally, the prepared blends are suitable for adsorption and as an excipient material in pharmaceutical industries.
crosslinking agents,Mechanical Properties,PVP,PVA,and CMC
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_144821.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_144821_ca89e6989504ed874d6d003d73cf53c7.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Green Recycling of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Waste as Corrosion Inhibitor for Steel in Marine Environment
2685
2695
EN
Reda
Abdel Hameed
https://orcid.org/00
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al - Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
mredars2@yahoo.com
M.
Al Elaimi
Basic Science Department, Preparatory Year, University of Ha&rsquo;il, 1560, Hail, KSA
m.alelaimi@gmail.com
M.
T.
Qureshi
Department of Physics, Hazara University, Mansehra Pakistan
tauseefqureshi1981@gmail.com
M.F.
H.
Abd el-kader
Biophysics Department, Faculty of science, Cairo University
mfhamed@hotmail.com
A.
Nassar
Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Azhar University,11884, Cairo, Egypt.
nassar_tanta@yahoo.com
Meshari
Aljohani
0000-0002-4572-0314
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk,Tabuk 71491, KSA.
mualjohani@ut.edu.sa
Enas
Ismail
Arafa
Egyptian petroleum research institiut
enas.epri@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.54262.3145
Green recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) plastic waste, in this respect, PET waste was subjected to de polymerization process with tri methylene glycol (1,3-propandiol) in the presence of manganese acetate (1.0 % w/w to the total Wight of the reactants) as trans esterification catalyst, the product is Bis-(3-hydroxy-propyl)-terephthalate, BHPT, as a non-ionic surfactant was separated and characterized by FT-IR and 1HNMR and evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy in artificial marine environment using chemical and electrochemical techniques. Effect of inhibitor concentrations and reaction temperature were studied. The chemical techniques used in this work are gravimetric, thermometric and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS), whereas the electrochemical techniques are open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentrations and decreased by rising temperature. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency 96.5% was afforded using 300 ppm of the used inhibitor derived from plastic waste. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicate that the used system act as mixed inhibitor. The data of AAS show that the iron(iii) ions Fe+3 concentrations were decreased by increasing inhibitor concentration. All the used techniques are in good agreement to each other (±2 %) and shows that the used drug acts as green corrosion inhibitors for steel in marine environment.
poly(ethylene terephthalate),green recycling of waste,steel corrosion,Potntiodynamic,gravimetric,thermometric,AAS
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148663.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148663_5adefdd9405e331b694f9e03f90161e1.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Chemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles in its solid state: highly efficient antimicrobial cotton fabrics for wound healing properties
2697
2709
EN
Mehrez
Elnaggar
National Research Centre
mehrez_chem@yahoo.com
Hadeer
Emam
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
h.hadoor@yahoo.com
Maha
Fathalla
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
mahafathalla_hel@gmail.com
Mohamed
Abdel-Aziz
Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Behouth st.-Dokki, Giza, Egypt
abdelaziz146@gmail.com
Magdy
Zahran
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
mzahran_hel@hotmail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57667.3236
During the last decade, nanoparticles could be considered as important platforms to treat skin wounds. Metal nanoparticles especially silver have shown potential therapeutic effects on wound healing. In this work, solid state synthesis was used for the preparation of AgNPs without using an extra chemicals or solvents. AgNPs was easily synthesized using dextran as a reducant and stabilizing agent by eco-grinding artlessly for dextran powder, sodium hydroxide beads and silver nitrate with no considerable times. The efficiency of dextran as dual role for the synthesis of AgNPs was evaluated via changing the utilized concentration of silver nitrate. The formed silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultra-violet spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, X-Ray Diffraction, field emission scanning-electron-energy dispersive X-ray tools. The resultant AgNPs with different concentration were applied to cotton fabrics. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of the treated fabrics was evaluated. The results revealed that the spherical shape with well distribution of prepared AgNPs was affirmed. In addition, the stability of AgNPs was achieved and acquired values more than -30 mv. The results also depicted that the nanoparticles were successfully deposited onto and penetrated inside the surface of fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics exhibit superior antimicrobial properties that determined by disc diffusion method to kill the pathogenic microbes. Additionally, the cell viability (%) of the treated cotton fabrics has no toxicity effect for the human and non-human cell lines. Based on that, the synthesis of AgNPs is based on solvent-free and one pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles which is eco-friendly, low cost, save effort and chemicals, also gives a high yield.
silver nanoparticles,Dextran,solid state synthesis,Antimicrobial properties,Cytotoxicity
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145763.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145763_ac7e175267f1913d1ea7135f1d76d539.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Effect Of Poly (Aniline-Co-O-Toluidine) Loaded On Emulsion Paints With Different Pigments On Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel
2711
2721
EN
Mohamed
Ashraf
Abdel-Fadeel
Ain shams university, faculty of science
mohammed.a.abdelfadeel@gmail.com
Ahmed
Ismael
National Research Centre, 30 El-Tahrir Street
ismaelahmed1@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Kamel
E-lziaty
0000-0001-9121-9507
Ain shams University
ahm512@sci.asu.edu.eg
samir
morsy
polymers and pigments dept. national research centre
samirmchemist@gmail.com
lobna
khorshed
0000-0002-4672-3234
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
lobnakhorshed@yahoo.com
Safaa
Shaban
Ain shams university
safashaban@ymail.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.57460.3239
Three groups of plastic emulsion paints were formulated using three different types of pigments. TiO2 was applied in the first group of paint (T-series) as a neutral pigment. Zn3(PO4)2 and Fe2O3 were added in the two other paint groups (Z-series and F-series, respectively) as anticorrosive pigments. Styrene/butyl acrylate latex was prepared by semicontinuous seeded emulsion polymerization and used as a binder in the paint formulations. Poly (ani-co-o-toluidine) (PAOT) was introduced to the painting series as an inhibitor in proportions of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. PAOT inhibitor was prepared by oxidative emulsion polymerization with an equimolar amount of aniline and o-toluidine monomers. The binder and the inhibitor were tested for their particle size and chemical structure by DLS and FTIR analysis. The properties of the paint formulations were estimated physically, mechanically, and thermally. The protection efficiency of the paint coatings on steel was estimated against corrosion using an immersion test and electrochemical measurements. The DLS curves of the binder latex and the inhibitor showed a unimodal distribution of sizes 151 nm and 42 nm, respectively. However, a mix of the two emulsions exhibited a bimodal distribution of both sizes. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed a decrease in the corrosion current density of TiO2 coating paint from 26.4×10-7 A/cm2 to 12.3×10-7 A/cm2 in Fe2O3 coating paint. The least corrosion current density was obtained from Zn3(PO4)2 coating paint of 7.50×10-7 A/cm2. PAOT inhibitor enhanced the protection efficiency of the paint coatings with the optimum of 3%. Zn3(PO4)2 coating paint loaded with 3% PAOT inhibitor demonstrated the highest protection efficiency of 99.96%.
Butyl acrylate emulsions,Poly (Ani-co-o-toluidine),Corrosion inhibition,anticorrosion,Emulsion coatings
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148715.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_148715_5d838cabb2dd32c839d546658fb7d9ff.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells as a Renewable Source of Energy
2723
2729
EN
Nabil
Nassif
Central Metallugical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O.Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
nabilnassif01@hotmail.com
Ibrahim
Ghayad
Central Metallugical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O.Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
ighayad@yahoo.com
Zeinab
Abdel Hamid
Central Metallugical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O.Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
forzeinab@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejchem.2021.58244.3254
An overview is reported about the history of prevailing direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) as a renewable green source of energy. Important features of the effect of: (1) operating DEFCs in alkaline media, (2) development of a suitable preparation method or technique of the catalyst to achieve more favorable dispersion and smaller particle size, (3) employing high surface area supports, (4) combining the catalyst with another metal, metal oxide, metal carbide or nitride, (5) addition of additives in the coating bath; on electrocatalytic performance of DEFCs are discussed.
fuel cells,Ethanol oxidation,Electrocatalyst,Alkaline media,preparation methods,Supports
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150329.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_150329_4c3fe776e3d7d688a544dc9187c7fa01.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
64
5
2021
05
01
Bioguided Isolation and in-Silico Analysis of Hep-G2 Cytotoxic Constituents From Laurus nobilis Linn. Cultivated In Egypt
2731
2745
EN
Nesma
Nagah
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
i_m_elbaz@zu.edu.eg
Islam
Mostafa
0000-0002-6437-5528
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
islam_mostafa_elbaz@yahoo.com
Ali
Osman
0000-0001-7174-0207
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
aomokhalil82@gmail.com
Gamal
Dora
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
islam_mostafa84@yahoo.com
Zeinab
El-Sayed
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
islam.mostafa84@gmail.com
Abdel-Monem
Ateya
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
islammab@zu.edu.eg
10.21608/ejchem.2021.55937.3197
The air dried leaves of Laurus nobilis cultivated in Egypt were extracted by petroleum ether followed by methylene chloride then ethyl acetate and finally methanol. The preliminary cytotoxic screening of these extracts against Hep-G2 using vinblastine sulfate (IC50= 2.93 μg/ml) as standard showed that petroleum ether, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited strong cytotoxic activity (IC50= 10.6, 5.96 and 3.80 μg/ml, respectively) while the methanolic extract showed moderate activity (IC50= 23.2 μg/ml). Bio-guided chromatographic isolation of L. nobilis extracts resulted in isolation of seven compounds identified as 1-tricosanol (1), reynosin (2), protocatechuic acid (3), vincetoxicoside B (4) and vitexin (5). chemical structures have been established on the basis of physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HSQC) in addition to comparison with literature data and /or authentic samples. Reynosin (2) showed the most potent cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 (IC50= 4.98 μg/ml) among other isolated compounds, while vitexin (5) showed the lowest activity (IC50= 219 μg/ml). Other compounds showed moderate to weak activity. The isolated compounds were docked to caspase3 to reveal their possible cytotoxic mechanism of action on the enzymatic level. Protein fraction obtained after 0.5 hr hydrolysis with papain showed moderate cytotoxic activity (IC50= 200 μg/ml) and that obtained after 3.5 hr hydrolysis exhibited strong antioxidant action (45 % inhibition at a concentration of 200 μg/ml using DPPH assay).
Laurus nobilis, Cytotoxicity, Hep-G2,Reynosin, Molecular modeling, Protein hydrolysis, Antioxidant
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145759.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_145759_aea04af33b89cfc6a5576bfebea3fd3e.pdf