ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Eco –friendly Flame Retardant Via Self Assembly Coating
Limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the most of the textiles in use have lower than 21%, while cotton has 18.4%, which means that they can burn easily once the fire has started. Currently, there is some difficulty in making durable flame retardant (DFR) treatments for cotton fabric using an ordinary one step wet process, which is nontoxic to the humans and the environment. This research has also aimed to investigate the optimum treatment conditions that allow controlled deposition of zinc oxide onto carboxymethylated cotton fabric using sodium hypophosphite (SHP) /citric acid (CA). In this regards, the influence of the process parameters on the physicochemical and performance properties of treated cotton fabric will elucidate. The treated fabric was monitored for carboxylic content, LOI, char length, char residue, whiteness index, retained tensile strength and elongation at break. The formation of zinc oxide was verified using UV-Visible spectrum at wavelength of 325nm. Also, the zinc oxide in nano scale was monitored and observed in the range of 19-41nm by transition electron microscope (TEM). The treated cotton fabrics show LOI value and char length 25.3%, 3cm respectively, compared with 18.4 and 11cm for untreated fabric. The existence of zinc oxide particle interaction and other functional groups introduced into cotton fabrics were promoted by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3266_b0119402e0d2890112adbe18190bb470.pdf
2017-08-30
479
489
10.21608/ejchem.2017.768.1024
Carboxymethylation
Cotton Fabrics
Functional finishing
flame retardant
LOI
Ekhlass
El-Alfy
ekhlassalfy@gmail.com
1
Textile Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Hashim
2
Textile Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
A. Younis
dr_ahmedabdee@yahoo.com
3
National Institute for Standards (NIS), Tersa St., Alharam, Giza, Egypt, P.O Box: 136 Giza, Code No. 12211.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samaha
Hussen
samaha_shr@hotmai.com
4
Textile Metrology Lab, Chemistry Division, National Institute for Standards (NIS), Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
AUTHOR
A.
Salama
5
Faculty of Science, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Salicornia Begolovi as Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminum in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
THE INHIBITION effect of Salicornia Begolovi extract (SBE)as saving corrosion inhibitor foraluminum (Al) in1 M HCl solution was studied using weight loss (WL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) measurements.It was found that the Salicornia extract acts as a good inhibitor for aluminum corrosion in the acid solution. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increaseswithincreasing of both extract dose and temperature, indicating that this extract was adsorbed chemically on Al surface.PP studiesindicated that the extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor. EIS studies showed a reduction in the double layer capacitance and an increase in the charge transfer resistance. The adsorption of extract molecules was found to obey Temkinadsorption isotherm. The extract provides a good protection film to aluminumagainst corrosion in HClsolutions.Surface analysis was tested using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results obtained from all investigated techniques are in good agreement.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1986_f217175bb5413ee9aa13ae79e0108a35.pdf
2017-08-30
491
505
10.21608/ejchem.2017.698.1018
Acid inhibition
Aluminum
SBE
WL
EIS
EFM
SEM
A. S.
Fouda
a.sfouda@yahoo.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura-35516, Egypt.
AUTHOR
S. M.
Rashwan
sm_rashwan@yahoo.com
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia-41522, Egypt
AUTHOR
A. E.
Mohammed
a.e.mohamed@yahoo.com
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia-41522, Egypt
AUTHOR
Aisha
Ibrahim
aisha.m60@yahoo.com
4
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia-41522, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Amino Acid Combined Chitosan Nanoparticles for Controlled Release of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Therapy with amino acids (TAAI) has large interest recently for tumor treatment. Complementing to our previous studies in biopolymers and amino acids for medical applications this study was addressed to design a unique therapeutic regime consisting of a cocktail from therapy with amino acids (TAAI) and polymer therapy for cancer disease. This regime is depending on synthesized Doxorubicin loaded chitosan - glutamic acid (Cs-Ga-DOX) nanoparticles via ionic gelation path- way. The encapsulation efficiency was 69%. The average size was 20-37 nm with spherical, homogenous structure, and positive zeta potential.FTIR of Cs-Ga confirmed the formation of amide linkage at 1644 cm-1. The in -vitro release of DOX was examined for both pH 5.5 and 7.4 to be biphasic with mutual burst release followed by sustained release for 168 h to reach 58% at pH 5.5 and 25% at pH 7.4.This result suggested that Cs–Ga nanoparticles presented a promising mixture of glutamic amino acid and chitosan as pH-responsive nano-carrier for anticancer drugs.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3264_7540518d0138d4ba399d2643c5e2bb04.pdf
2017-08-30
507
518
10.21608/ejchem.2017.745.1021
Therapy with amino acids (TAAI)
Chitosan- glutamic nanoparticles
Smart drug delivery systems
Doxorubicin hydrochloride
In-vitro controlled release study
Mahmoud
Abd El-Ghaffar
mghaffar50@yahoo.com
1
National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Magda
Akl
maakl@yahoo.com
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
Amira
Kamel
amirasoultan99@yahoo.com
3
Department of Polymers and Pigments, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Mona
Hashem
monasamir80@yahoo.com
4
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physicochemical properties of Manzala Lake, Egypt
Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), permanganate index (PI), chloride and nutrient salts were measured in water samples, collected from 12 sites of Manzala Lake during winter and summer, 2015. A lot of fluctuations were observed in these parameters affected by the poor connection of water body of the lake and the diversity of the incoming flows. The pH values of water were alkaline throughout the lake and closely correlated with widely varied salinity and DO values. BOD increases in the south eastern-located sites affected mostly by Bahr El Baqur drain effluents especially during winter during the scheduled water block. PI was highly influenced by the agricultural and domestic waste effluents. Nutrients salts ranged between 5.47-249, 2.61-15.1, 0.64-24.5, and 3.47-22.9 µmol L-1 for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate, respectively. N/P ratios (2.28-12.8) in the present study indicated that nitrogen is the limiting factor for phytoplankton fluorination except for some sites in the south eastern region. The levels of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were found affected by the seawater inflows during winter. It can be concluded from obtained data that the south eastern region showed worst water quality parameters.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3267_75bd8aeae08a1dc7553b34f3d97830b9.pdf
2017-08-30
519
535
10.21608/ejchem.2017.776.1025
brackish water
Nutrients
Physicochemical parameters
total polyaromatic hydrocarbons
Randa
Elmorsi
rrelmorsi@hotmail.com
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Hamed
drhamed64@yahoo.com
2
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
AUTHOR
Khaled
Abou-El-Sherbini
kh_sherbini@yahoo.com
3
National Research Centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Insights onto the Adsorption of MFe2O4 Nanoparticles Loaded onto Activated Carbon
In this work, magnetic nanoparticles of MFe2O4 (M: Fe, Mn, Cu and Co) were prepared on the surface of granular activated carbon throughout the impregnation process, employing HNO3 acid as the carbon modifying agent. These adsorbents were employed to assess the adsorption capability of p-chlorophenol from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Additionally, the impact of various parameters such as pH, contact time was investigated. The results demonstrate that the current phase is mainly- Fe2O3 (maghemite), spinel manganese, copper and cobalt ferrite, respectively. The equilibrium details were best ascribed by the Langmuir model accompanied by high adsorption capacity of 110mg/g for - Fe2O3/ activated carbon. The kinetic experimental analysis of the adsorption model perfectly was correlated to the pseudo – second order kinetics. With the advantages inexpensive and fast processing, these adsorbents could attain promoting application in wastewater treating.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3268_0bb7b5137af7a4c0b7c3be115122dc7f.pdf
2017-08-30
537
549
10.21608/ejchem.2017.3268
MFe2O4 nanoparticles
Granular activated carbon
p-chlorophenol
Adsorption
Amina
Attia
amina_abdelmeguid@yahoo.com
1
National Research Center
AUTHOR
Mona
Shouman
monashouman@yahoo.com
2
National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sahar
Elkhouly
sm_elkhouly@yahoo.com
3
National Research Centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bioactive Jute Fabrics for Packaging and Storage of Grains and Legumes Applications
Abstract Recently, anti-microbial finishing of cellulosic based material gain interest from both scientific and industrial point of view. Anti-microbial food packaging is a system that is able to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms contaminating with foods. Direct contact of antimicrobial food packaging fabrics with incubated foodstuff inhibit the growth of microorganism to large extend. This would increase the shelf life of foods and decrease the risk of food borne illness. In this work, jute fabrics were functionalized to provide permanent bioactivity for packaging and storage application especially for grains and legumes was develop and investigated. Swatches from the scoured jute fabrics were treated separately with chitosan (1 % aqueous solution) (substrate I), chitosan and neem extract (substrate II), triclosan (substrate III) and reactive cyclodextrin (R-CD) followed by neem extract (substrate IV). Treated and untreated fabrics were monitored for antibacterial and anti-anthropoids properties. Results obtained showed that, jute fabrics treated with chitosan and neem extract exhibit antibacterial activity towards both S. aureus and E. Coli compared with the untreated one. Moreover, untreated jute fabric did not shows any deterrent effect toward Callosobruchus maculates, whereas all treatments show a sharp decrement in average number of hatching eggs and average number of adults after 7 days of incubation but with different degree. Higher decrement in average number of hatching eggs and adults was observed when jute fabrics treated with a chitosan in the presence of neem (substrate II) and those fabrics treated with R-CD in the presence of neem (substrate IV) were used as packaging for cowpea. The deterrent effect reached to 100 % against Callosobruchus maculates.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3269_30fb1595f9bf7faca8cd8f00efa4f735.pdf
2017-08-30
551
561
10.21608/ejchem.2017.859.1038
Keywords: Antimicrobial
Cotton fabric
cellulose
Food Package
Functional finishing
Insect Repellent
Mohamed
Hashem
mhashem22@yahoo.com
1
Textile Research Division, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Rakia
Refaie
rakiarefaie@yahoo.com
2
Textile Research Division, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Saad
Zaghloul
mrsaad_nrc2003@yahoo.com
3
Textile Research Devision, National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ezzat
ahmedezzat59@yahoo.com
4
Agriculture and Biology Research division, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Ellaithy
ahmed_ellaithy1950@yahoo.com
5
Agriculture and Biology Research division, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Hamdy
A. Shaaban
hamdy_asn@yahoo.com
6
Food and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Metrological Evaluation of Prepared Turbidity Working Standard Solutions to achieve Traceability for Textile Waste Water Effluents
Working standard must be stable, thus the material should be tested for stability and homogeneity testing complying ISO standard methods with detailed description of how their features and characteristics facilitate all aspects of good laboratory practice (GLP). Stock solutions of (4000) NTU formazin turbidity suspensions were prepared, from this stock a series of diluted suspensions were prepared, and then verified by testing their pH, and spectrophotmatric absorbance values in accordance with published international models. Finally the statistical parameters and accompanied uncertainty for each certified value was calculated. The prepared stock working standard (4000 NTU) solutions were verified via applying the requirements of ISO/IEC 17034 for the homogeneity and stability testing. The results obtained verified the homogeneity and the stability of these working standards as a primary stock for about one year shelf time stability. These prepared stock solutions can be used as working standards for calibrations of turbidity meters that used for testing the turbidity of textile waste water effluents. The main goal of the study is the developing of these standards locally in Egypt. As an applied part the turbidity values of the scouring solutions from different textile fabrics -were measured, these fabrics were ; cotton, wool, silk, nylon and polyester, after calibration of the used turbiditmeter once by the purchased formazin standards and another time by the prepared working standards. Where comparable results were obtained which ensured the suitability of these prepared working standards.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3291_89c3d3c297990352d2feb57c14163714.pdf
2017-08-30
563
575
10.21608/ejchem.2017.938.1046
Formazin Working Standard
CRM
Homogeneity
stability
Statistical parameters
Turbidity
Textile effluents
fabrics
Scouring
Saher Fawzy
Ibrahim
drsaherfawzy09@hotmail.com
1
National institute of standards
LEAD_AUTHOR
Dalia
Essa
dalia-essa@hotmail.com
2
National Institute for standards, Tersa st. El-haram, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Removal of Cationic Neutral Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Natural and Modified Rice Straw
Modified colloidal carbons were prepared by reacting colloidal carbon obtained from rice straw with thermal oxidation, nitric acid and urea treatment. The textural and chemistry characteristics of the surface of non-modified and modified carbons were obtained from nitrogen adsorption at -196oC, elemental analysis and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The uptake of cationic neutral red (NR) dye from aqueous solutions by these carbons was determined by kinetic and equilibrium experiments. The surface area and the total pore volume decreased, whereas the pore radius increased after the treatment with nitric acid.The surface pH of un–modified carbon was basic while those of modified carbons were acidic. Urea treated carbons with the lowest acidic character and high nitrogen content presented the lowest NR dye uptake capacity. The maximum removal of NR dye was obtained at a pH of 4. The amount of adsorption by the investigated carbons was found to depend on the amount of surface acidity. The adsorption results were analyzed considering Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich(D-R) models. The adsorption of NR dye onto the assessed adsorbents is of the physical sorption type following pseudo – first – order kinetic.Nitric acid modification brought about a significant rise in NR dye adsorption which was ascribed to the formation of oxygen containing acidic groups on the surface of adsorbent.The equilibrium adsorption data of NR dye were well fitted with Langmuir and D-R models.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3543_4964e195970c48d99e690a0c16f03759.pdf
2017-08-30
577
589
10.21608/ejchem.2017.1124.1055
Keywords: Rice straw
Colloidal carbon
Adsorption
Neutral red dye
Surface chemistry
Reham
Aboelenin
reham.aboelenin@yahoo.com
1
National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sohair
Kheder
sohair.kheder@yahoo.com
2
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo
AUTHOR
Hala
Farag
msherif888@yahoo.com
3
Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Thoria
El Nabarawy
thoria_elnabarawy@yahoo.com
4
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Separation of Palmitic Acid from over Used Oil for Production of Heterogeneous Organic Derivatives of Potential Biological Activities
Palmitic acid was extracted from Over used oil according to the method described by Hanaa Soliman etal1. Where the over used cooking oil was filtered off, then it was hydrolyzed with distilled water in high pressure reactor at 250˚C and 2 MPa as described by Sonntag etal2 to produce glycerol and mixture of fatty acids. Fatty acids mixture was cooled at 7˚C in order to precipitate all saturated fatty acids, which were then filtered off, Palmitic acid was extracted from this mixture by means of supercritical CO2 extractor at pressure of 35.0 MPa and temperature of 328˚K according to Maheshwari etal3, followed by its methylation and confirmation by GC mass. Then it was used as precursor for production of a different heterocyclic compounds, which were then tested for their antimicrobial activities. Thus the long-chain methyl palmitate was interacted with hydrazine hydrate4 to produce the corresponding acid hydrazide (2), that was then treated with phenyl isothiocyanate, furnished the corresponding thiosemicarbazide 4. The later was reacted with ethyl chloro(arylhydrazono) acetate 5a-b in dimethylformamide, in the presence of triethylamine, afforded thiadiazole derivatives 7a-b . A solution of thiosemicarbazide 4 in ethanol was interacted with the α-haloketones 9 in the presence of triethylamine, produced the parallel thiadiazine 12. The structure elucidation of all synthesized compounds is based on the elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS).
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3540_619b20dfa0d55dc97cb06e87a7f00cab.pdf
2017-08-01
591
600
10.21608/ejchem.2017.889.1041
Fatty acid hydrazides
pathological conditions
thiadiazoles
haloketones
thiosemicarbazide
Hanaa
Soliman
chemist_hanaa@hotmail.com
1
Oils & Fats Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yousof
Shattory
yshattory@hotmail.com
2
Fats and Oils Dept., National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Toxic Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Wastewater by Nano-Magnetite: Case Study Nile River Water
Nano-magnetite wasused as an eco-friendlysorbent (without the usage of surfactants during the synthesis) for removing Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) from water and wastewater. A single 7 nm cubic phasefor magnetitewas ascertained by X-Rays diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM).Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image showed the agglomeration of magnetite particles upon adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm was used to estimate themaximum adsorption capacities of 576.4, 144.3 and 301.0 mg/g for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III), respectively.The adsorption mechanism followed a pseudo-second order kinetics.The studied competing cations and anionsshowed minor effects on the rate of adsorption.Magnetite with high adsorption ability adsorbed Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) from a ternary mixture aseffectively as from their individual solutions. The presented sorbent can be regenerated by 1% HNO3 with a recovery percent of 91.4 % and reused with an adsorption efficiency of 84.1 % compared to the freshly prepared magnetite. As an example of application, the nano-magnetite was used to decontaminate river water-samples from lead ions.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3583_44474937e29e82955bf7ba8ea9138623.pdf
2017-08-01
601
612
10.21608/ejchem.2017.3583
Waterdecontamination
Nano-oxides
Riverwater
Adsorption isotherm
Sorbent regeneration
Shimaa
Ali
dr_shimaaali80@yahoo.com
1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Galal
2
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Nada
Atta
3
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Yassmin
Shammakh*
4
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Novel Hydroxamic Acids Linked-natural Amino Acids
A series of new derivatives containing hydroxamic acids linked-amino acids have been synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques including; 1H, 13C, DEPT 135 and HRMS. These new compounds were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3498_70ded145828b14e5b85bf7a97b289792.pdf
2017-08-30
613
618
10.21608/ejchem.2017.908.1042
amino acid
Hydroxamic acid
Sulfonamides
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities
Marzough
Albalawi
maalbalawi@ut.edu.sa
1
University of Tabuk, Alwajh college, Chemistry department, Alwajh.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physicochemical and Catalytic Conversion of Iso-propanol over NiO-doping/nanosized ZnO-Fe2O3 system
Catalytic activities of solids on isopropanol conversion at 200-400 ◦C using flow method. Addition of NiO and increasing the heating temperature stimulated ZnFeO4 formation. Crystallite size of ZnFeO4 phase varied between 11.5 and 28.6 nm. The increasing of calcination temperatures and/or by increasing the amount of dopant of various solids led to decrease of their SBET. The decrease of SBET might be attributed due to the creation of anionic and cationic vacancies which might increase the sinterability. Isopropanol conversion of the investigated solids increased which might be attributed to the formation of cationic and anionic vacancies which accelerate reduction-oxidation cycles.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3538_fc08579276b8fa251ef97029b8a81493.pdf
2017-08-30
619
625
10.21608/ejchem.2017.918.1044
NiO-doping
Isopropanol conversion
Zinc ferrite
reduction-oxidation cycles
Abdelrahman
Badawy
aabadawy107@yahoo.com
1
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Rashad
amrashad73@yahoo.com
2
Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Naema
Yehia
dr_naemasalem@yahoo.com
3
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menofiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization and Catalytic Properties of a Series of CuO-MoO3 Mixed Oxides
A series of single and mixed oxides of CuO-MoO3 system were prepared by thermal treatment of pure and mixed basic copper carbonate and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate solids. The thermal behavior of the pure and binary salts has been studied using thermal analysis (TG-DTA) technique. The thermal products were characterized using the X-ray diffraction analysis. The results revealed that, pure solids decomposed to CuO, MoO3 and Cu2O phases at 250, 340 and 1000oC respectively. Solid-solid interaction takes place between single oxides forming different phases of copper molybdate depending on treatment temperature and mixture composition. The degree of crystallinity of the detected phases was affected by calcination temperature of solids and composition. The catalytic activity of single and binary oxides was tested in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide as a model reaction. The catalytic activity of mixed oxides was found to be higher than that of single oxides at different treatment temperature. The mechanism of decomposition reaction over the prepared oxides was discussed.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3541_5a7a57ea3c5b74dc40f965bfa30a1e4a.pdf
2017-08-30
627
637
10.21608/ejchem.2017.1062.1052
CuO-MoO3
Thermal analysis
X-ray
Catalytic activity
H2O2
Waleed
Shaheen
waleed_shaheen2000@hotmail.com
1
Catalysis and Surface Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Selim
mmaselim@yahoo.com
2
Catalysis and Surface Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Cellulose Polymorphism on Tunable Mechanical and Barrier Properties of Chitosan/Oxidized Nanocellulose Bio-Composites
Food packaging based on biodegradable material attracts a lot of attention nowadays. Chitosan (CS) is an available biopolymer that has been extensively studied as a potential source for food packaging. However, its weak barrier for water vapor diffusion and mechanical properties need to be improved. Oxidized nanocellulose (ONC) has been prepared from date palm sheath fibers by the ''green'' ammonium persulfate (APS) hydrolysis. The particle size distribution confirmed the success of ONC extraction. The CS/bio-composites were loaded with 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10% ONC-I and II fractions. The FTIR spectroscopy analysis was carried out to investigate the types of interaction exerts between these bio-composite components. The water vapor permeability, water sorption isotherm and mechanical test of the neat CS film and CS/bio-composite films were studied. Cellulose polymorphism was found to be an important factor which could influence the bio-composite properties.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3539_3bb8580bffa8e4fbcd710ede388e7512.pdf
2017-08-30
639
652
10.21608/ejchem.2017.1194.1062
Bio-nanocomposite
Food Package
Polymorphism
Mechanical Properties
Water vapor permeability
Water sorption isotherm
abeer
Adel
abeermadel2003@yahoo.com
1
National research center, cellulose and paper department
AUTHOR
Amira
El-shafie
mayamira2001@yahoo.com
2
National Research Centre
AUTHOR
mona
Al-Shemy
mona.alshemy@yahoo.com
3
National research center Cellulose & Paper Department
LEAD_AUTHOR
Atef
Ibrahim
atef.abdelaziz.ibrahim@gmail.com
4
national research center, cellulose and paper department
AUTHOR
Abd El-Gawad
Rabia
a.m.rabie@hotmail.com
5
organic chemistry department, faculty of science, Ain shams university
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Utilization of Short-cut PET Fibers as Reinforcement Additive for Kraft Bagasse Paper Making
One of big challenges in Egyptian pulp and paper sector is the exploring of new prospective for development and improvement the properties of paper made from Kraft bagasse pulp. The study utilized polyethylene terephathalate (PET) as reinforcement to the pulp made from Kraft bagasse to improve the paper properties. Increasing of the computability between PET fibers and Kraft pulp could be achieved by different partial hydrolysis processes for PET with sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid, or ethanol amine. Optimum pretreatment conditions for different types of partial hydrolysis were identified to be used in formation of blended paper sheets with Kraft bagasse pulp. The study has investigated the effect of kind of pretreatment and concentration of PET on the mechanical, moisture uptake, and thermal aging for blended paper sheets made from PET fibers and Kraft pulp. The blended paper sheets using alkali pretreated PET manifested superior mechanical, thermal, and moisture resistance properties in comparison with paper sheets manufactured from blending with acidic, or amine pretreated PET.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3542_eddfd7918fcb04383c4cb7b00d67a65e.pdf
2017-08-30
653
665
10.21608/ejchem.2017.1115.1054
Polyethylene terephathalate
Kraft bagasse pulp
thermal aging
Moisture resistance
Mechanical Properties
Hussein
Abou-Yousef
abouyousefh@yahoo.com
1
Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El tahrir st.), P. O. 12622, Dokki Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Samir
Kamel
samirk@yahoo.com
2
Cellulose and Paper Department , Chemical Industrial Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir st.),P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza,Egypt,
AUTHOR
Naser
Gad
nasergad@yahoo.com
3
Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Non-Chemically Modified Prefix Substance as a fat liquor for Leather Manufacture from Recovered Neatsfoot Oil
The study is an attempt to provide an economic prefix substance for leather manufacture. An economic and straightforward method has been applied to recover neatsfoot oil from abundant low-cost byproduct (local massacres byproducts). Leather lubricant agent with extra lubricating power has been formulated from the recovered crude oil without chemical modification or further chemical treatment, using a commercial anionic surfactant. It was found that the highest emulsion stability of the formulated lubricants against pH variation and sundry factors involved in leather tanning has been verified at 30 – 40 % oil concentration with 2 – 4 % anionic surfactants as an emulsifier, at 500 rpm stirring speed. Different emulsion concentrations (2 -10 %) of the formulated lubricant has been tested as lubricant agent for wet blue leather. The emulsions concentration of 8% and 10% formulated lubricant were able to add the required quantity fatty matter to the lubricated leather fiber (9.12 % and 9.89 % respectively , based on the weight of lubricated leather ). These ratios are close to that was added by the commercial lubricant at the same concentration. The lubrication process enhances high-performance power and good lubricant effect. The highest values of tensile strength and elongation at break of lubricated leather have been reached at 10 % emulsion concentration, nearly similar to the effect developed by the commercial lubricant. The microscopic examination of the lubricated leather shows that the leather fiber is genuinely coated with a thin film of fat and the perspective of the lubricated leather surface was superior. In addition, the lubricated leather was ostensibly amended.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_3687_6698ee5e7ed9da923e3a56570b351736.pdf
2017-08-30
667
674
10.21608/ejchem.2017.1159.1058
Fatliqiuoring
leather
Neatsfoot oil
recycling
Mohammad
Habib
habib_11m@yahoo.com
1
El-Bohoth-Dokki. Eltahrir ST. Dokki, Cairo
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Newly Synthesized Compounds With Phthalimide Skeleton
In an effort to develop new antimicrobial agents, a novel series of 2-{[4-(substituted phenyl)amino]methyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione derivatives 2-17a,b was synthesized starting from 2-({[4-(bromoacetyl)phenyl]amino}methyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3 (2H)-dione 1 by introducing different hetero-cyclic moieties, such as thiazole, thiazolidinone, azetidinone, furan and pyrazole. The structures of all the synthesized compounds have been elucidated by means of IR, 1H NMR, mass spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. Most of the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity by means of agar well diffusion assay while the minimal inhibitory concentrations of the active compounds were then assessed utilizing broth dilution method. Derivative 2-[(4-{[(1,3-Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl] amino} phenyl)-2-oxoethyl]propane dinitrile 15 was the most potent compound.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_4071_9b40c6f9f50580b48ad74e4849cee0b7.pdf
2017-08-30
675
688
10.21608/ejchem.2017.4071
Phthalimide
Heterocyclic derivatives
thiazole
antibacterial agents
antifungal agents
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hydrotreating Activity of Co-Mo/Al2O3 Promoted with Boron and Phosphorous
Co-Mo/Al2O3 commercial catalytic used wetness impregnation method to prepare Co-Mo B/Al2O3 and Co-Mo P/Al2O3. We study the characterization of this catalyst which contains 12.0 wt. % Mo and 4.0 wt. % Co in γ-Al2O3 and gave the higher surface area of 192 m2/g. The effects of boron and phosphores addition on the HDS and HDA of heavy gas oil over CoMo/g-Al2O3 catalysts have been studied. The addition of boron slightly improves the acidity of the acid sites, Thus, the catalytic hydroprocessing activities of heavy gas oil over the CoMo/g-Al2O3 catalysts may be related to the acidity and metal dispersion of the catalysts. Furthermore, the addition of phosphorus improves the dispersion of Co and Mo species, which also enhance thecatalytic performance. Also, the addition of phosphorus caused the formation of acid centers.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_4150_79426e58467473db788e8dc3de259946.pdf
2017-08-30
689
696
10.21608/ejchem.2017.4150
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Lithium Manganese Oxide for Lithium Adsorption
The recovery of lithium from seawater via adsorption is a promising separation technique that could be incorporated within integrated salt recovery schemes. In this work, spinel-type manganese oxide adsorbents were prepared and utilized for selective lithium adsorption from synthetic solutions. The semi-dry solid-state method was adopted to prepare spinel-type ion sieves using different manganese and lithium sources; manganese carbonate, manganese oxide, lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide. Synthesis was conducted at different Li/Mn starting molar ratios, firing temperatures and firing durations. The prepared spinels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, average particle size and zeta potential were measured for selected spinel adsorbents. In addition, their sorption capacities and lithium removal efficiencies from synthetic solutions were evaluated. Lithium uptake results suggested that the spinels (H1.1Li0.08Mn1.73O4.05) prepared from manganese carbonate and lithium hydroxide at Li/Mn ratio of 0.75 exhibited at pH 12 the highest lithium sorption capacity among other prepared spinels. The equilibrium of lithium sorption onto this adsorbent was best described by Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum equilibrium sorption capacity was found to be 50 mg/g. This capacity was obtained using 0.25 g/L of the adsorbent at pH 12 and its value is higher than previously reported values. Thus, the prepared spinel shows promising features that favor its utilization for lithium removal from wastewater and concentrated brines.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_4170_6933992edf65dcdc3a7a6b76198fffc5.pdf
2017-08-30
697
710
10.21608/ejchem.2017.4170
A. synthesis
D. manganese oxide spinels
E. lithium selective adsorbents
E. equilibrium adsorption
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis of Polynuclear Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from 1-Biphenyl-4-yl-4-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)- but-2-en-1-one with expected Biological Activity
N ucleophilic addition of barbituric acid, thioglycolic acid with malononitrile and 3-Amino-5-pyrazolinone with 1-Biphenyl-4-yl-4-(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)- but-2-en-1-one (1) gives pyrimidine, Thiazol and pyrazolinone derivatives (2-4) , repectively.Compound (4) which reacted with Arylidene malononitrile in ethanol to gives pyrano derivatives (5). Cyclocondensation of chalcone (1) with thiourea under reflux in ethanolic NaOH lead to thiazine derivative (6) and by treatment of (6) with bromine – acetic acid mixture afforded compound (7) similarly, cyclization of chalcone (1) with orthophenylinediamine in Dimethylformamide (DMF) gives diazepine derivatives (8).Also, chalcone (1) reacted with 3-Amino-5-pyrazolinone in ethanol to give pyrazolinone derivative (9). (Scheme 1).The condensation of compound (1) with 2- cyanoacetohydrazide through the acid-catalyzed reaction to form the Schiff base (10) by heating in 96% acetic acid give the diazetidine derivative (11) which upon reaction with phosphorous oxychloride gave the chlorodiazetidine derivative (12), the latter compound reacted with 2ry amines and yielded the substitueted amino diazetidine derivatives (13 a-c).On the other hand, the Schiff bases (14) produced from condensed compound (1) with 2-Amino-2-(hydroxy methyl) propane-1,3-diol in ethyl alcohol which reacted with phosphorous oxychloride give the propanol derivatives (15).Finally, the cyclization reaction of compound (1) with 2-aminophenol and 2-aminothiophenol in dry benzene formed compounds (16, 17) , repectively.(Scheme 2).
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_4171_fef8aae062705003e9edbca7d7a7dbda.pdf
2017-08-30
711
722
10.21608/ejchem.2017.4171