ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biosilica Properties from Rice Husk using Various HCl Concentrations and Frequency Sources
Rice husk is a by-product of rice milling with more than 90% of silicon dioxide. The objective of this research was to characterize the purity and electricity as well as structure property and surface morphology of silicon dioxide depending on different concentration of chloride acid (HCl). The experimental consisted of leaching the rice husk using HCl solutions of 1%, 3%, and 5% for 2 hours and burning it at several annealing temperatures and times with temperature rate of 1 °C.min-1. The analysis included purity and morphology, structure property, and electricity of silicon dioxide using EDX-SEM, XRD, and LCR meter, respectively. The EDX measurement indicated that the higher the concentration of HCl, the higher the purity of silicon dioxide. Additionally, the higher the concentration of HCl led to the higher the electrical conductance, conductivity, and dielectric constant. While, the higher the frequency led to the higher the electrical conductance and conductivity but the lower the dielectric constant. Based on these electrical properties, silicon dioxide from rice husk can be applied as both an insulator and semiconductor materials on electronic devices.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_35320_b8b7e9d38579515fed8c753a5a43757f.pdf
2020-02-01
363
371
10.21608/ejchem.2019.8044.1679
Electricity
HCl solvent
purity
rice husk
silicon dioxide
Irzaman
Irzaman
irzaman@apps.ipb.ac.id
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Indah
Cahyani
indahdwicahyaniii@gmail.com
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Aminullah
Aminullah
aminullah@unida.ac.id
3
Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Halal Food Science, Djuanda University, Bogor, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Akhiruddin
Maddu
maddu3@gmail.com
4
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Brian
Yuliarto
brian@tf.ipb.ac.id
5
Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Ulfah
Siregar
siregaruj@gmail.com
6
Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestery, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Screening of (Aminoalkylindols) Cannabinoids in smoking products by GC-EI/MS in Jordan: Liquid-liquid extraction optimization.
In this work a screening study in Jordan was conducted on identification of herbal smoking mixtures containing recently new marketed synthetic cannabinoids (aminoalkylindols) (XLR-11, AB-CHMINACA, AB-FUBINACA isomers) which were responsible for a few cases for suicide accidents, individual violent action and few homicides. The smoking items were seized by customs and by the Anti-Narcotics Department in the year 2016/17. Forensic evidences including herbal smoking mixtures, cigarettes, and cigarettes waste were screened for containing these banned drugs employing GC-EI/MS in scan mode with JWH-018 and 5F-ADB as surrogates and individual aminoalkylindols reference standards. The liquid-liquid extraction optimization results indicated that dichloromethane gave the highest recovery for aminoalkylindols in herbal smoking mixtures and methanol for cigarette waste filters. The Results indicated that the marketed herbs were in all sprayed with either XLR-11 (around 45%) or combination of either both XLR-11 and AB-CHMINACA or a combination of XLR-11 and AB-FUBINACA isomers (25%) and the rest was AB-CHMINACA or AB-FUBINACA isomers pure or mixtures. These results were further confirmed by cigarette waste analysis which gave approximate results to herbs or spices. To our knowledge this is the first study of its kind in the MENA region and to be conducted in Jordan with an optimization procedure that is not reported in literature.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_37223_3b2a8d3303f4438806466823b25c56f7.pdf
2020-02-01
373
387
10.21608/ejchem.2019.11591.1737
Cannabinoids
herbal smoking mixtures
cigarettes
cigarettes waste
GC-EI/MS
Sharif
Arar
s.arar@ju.edu.jo
1
Department of chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hakem
ALSoufi
yamen7soufi@gmail.com
2
Forensic Science Laboratory Department, P. O. BOX 142882, Amman, Jordan
AUTHOR
Eyad
Abu-Nameh
eyadchem@yahoo.com
3
Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Deeb
dr.ahmad_deeb@yahoo.com
4
Faculty of Pharmacy,Alzaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
AUTHOR
Ayman
Habahbeh
habahbeh_ayman@yahoo.com
5
Anti-Narcotics Department, Amman, Jordan
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Metallopharmaceutical complexes based on vanadium as potential anti-hyperglycemic agents
Interaction between vanadium pentoxide and bioactive Schiff–bases led to the formation of vanadium (III/IV) complexes. Ten complexes have been characterized using mass, IR, UV-VIS and ESR spectra, magnetic moments and conductance measurements as well as elemental and thermal analyses. Magnetic moments and ESR measurements confirmed vanadium complexes have (III/IV) oxidation state. Conductivity measurements indicate that complexes are not electrolytes. A representative set of vanadium (III/IV) complexes in varying coordination environments have been tested as anti-hyperglycemic agents against type 2 diabetes mellitus in concentration doses (30 and 100 µM/Kg) using female albino rats. The pharmacological data showed that, complexes 1 and 8 produced significant decrease in blood glucose level. Furthermore, these two complexes showed an improvement in liver and kidney function after daily administration for two weeks.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_38450_386cff4450ba3dd978482bff73311b03.pdf
2020-02-01
389
404
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13511.1837
vanadium complexes
ESR
spectra
magnetism
pathological
Type 2 Diabetes
anti-hyperglycemic
Ramy
Abd Elaziz
ramy.abdelaziz@bue.edu.eg
1
Biochemistry,faculty of pharmacy,The British University in Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdu
El Tabl
asaeltabl@yahoo.com
2
Chemistry,faculty of science,Menoufia University,Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Elmazar
mohey.elmazar@bue.edu.eg
3
Pharmacology,faculty of pharmacy, The British university in Egypt
AUTHOR
Moshira
Abd Elwahed
moshiraabdelwahed@yahoo.com
4
Pathology,faculty of medicine,Menoufia University,Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sustainable solutions for urban wastewater management and remediation
Sustainable development with environmental protection is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. There is a growing consideration of the sustainable development and environmental management in new industrial cities. Investigational aspects were carried out in El Obour city as Egyptian new industrial city for estimating the current wastewater problems as well as applying mitigation actions. Industrial inventory was constructed for selected industrial sectors as food, chemical and textile sectors including water consumption, materials and energy resources. Wastewater samples from different factories and lifting stations were analyzed for estimating the industrial effluent loads. The obtained data revealed that food sector represents the highest load for BOD and TSS with values of 80 ton BOD/day and 2.33 ton SS/day. For selected industrial sectors, cost-effective technology is applied to reduce the loads on the centralized wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) as well as on the lifting stations. Inorganic polymeric ferric chloride (POFC) coagulant gives higher removal efficiency for TSS and COD without pH control. Moreover, the chemicals cost for treating wastewater is reduced by 40 % with using POFC instead of conventional coagulants.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_39773_092057e83aa5804f313f69494db0495e.pdf
2020-02-01
405
415
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13605.1840
Management
pollution loads
chemical treatment
urban wastewater
Industrial Wastewater
Enas M.
Abou-Taleb
enas_aboutaleb@hotmail.com
1
Water Pollution research Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammed Eid M.
Ali
mohamedeid81@yahoo.com
2
Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Center, Dokki, cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed S.
Hellal
mohammed_saadh@yahoo.com
3
Water pollution research department, Environmental division, National Research Center
AUTHOR
Kholod H.
Kamal
kholod.hamdy@yahoo.com
4
Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Center
AUTHOR
Shimaa M.
Abdel Moniem
drshimaanrc@gmail.com
5
drshimaanrc@gmail.com
AUTHOR
Nabila S.
Ammar
nabilamammar@gmail.com
6
Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hanan S.
Ibrahim
drhanansibrahim@gmail.com
7
Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cadmium Ions Pollution Treatments in Aqueous Solution Using Electrochemically Synthesized Gamma Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles with DFT study
γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles have been synthesized by electrochemical method using a rectangular aluminum plate as the anode and aluminum plate as the cathode (counter electrode); both electrodes have the same shape and dimensions. TEM, and XRD have been used to characterize the nanoparticles. The results indicated that the size range of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles was (14- 19) nanometers. Dealt with the studying of the effectiveness of the synthesized nanoparticles on the adsorption of cadmium ion from its aqueous solutions under different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) ◦C, Also thermodynamic parameters (ΔS, ΔH, ΔG) were calculated. The equilibrium geometries of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles have been studied by Density function theory (DFT) using Gaussian 09 package program. The calculated highest-occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO) is to be (-.04798 a.u) and the lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO) is to be (0.05909 a.u). The calculated activation energy breakage γ-Al2O3-Cd was (35.529 kcal/mole).
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_58189_d985e3ff06cea53178fbe06134d49d8e.pdf
2020-02-01
417
424
10.21608/ejchem.2019.16882.2026
γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles
electrochemical
cadmium ion
pollution
TEM
XRD
DFT
Dhia
Hussain
dhiaalgafary@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq
1
Department of Chemistry/ College of Science/ University of Mustansiriyah
AUTHOR
Ahmed Mahdi
Rheima
ahmed.rheima@yahoo.com
2
Wasit University, College of Science, Department of Chemistry. Iraq.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shaimaa
Jaber
shaemaahamed800@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al- Mustansiriyah University . Iraq
AUTHOR
Mustafa
kadhim
mustafa_kut88@yahoo.com
4
department chemistry, college of science, wasit university
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The removal of zinc ions from their aqueous solutions by Cr2O3 nanoparticles synthesized via the UV-irradiation method
A modification of an UV-irradiation method is used to synthesis of Cr2O3 nanoparticles. It is a simple and easy way to produce small particles of chromium oxide at a range of 2 – 30 nm according to the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations. In this study, the synthesized nanoparticles are used as an adsorbent for zinc ions from their aqueous solutions under effect of different temperatures 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 oC. The adsorption process of zinc ions is endothermic (ΔH is 10.33 kJ/mol ) and its data fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm model (R2=0.9601). The data of adsorption show non-spontaneously in nature when the thermodynamic parameter ΔG is positive (1.515 kJ/mol). However, the ΔG changes to a negative value with the temperature rising and the process begins spontaneously because the adsorption capacity increases with increase in temperature.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69308_d5e4c0f2943f23018d948bd3247ac509.pdf
2020-02-01
425
431
10.21608/ejchem.2019.17003.2042
Cr2O3 nanoparticles
chromium oxide
UV-irradiation
zinc ion
Adsorption
Mahdi
Mohammed
mahmed@uowasit.edu.iq
1
Physics department, science college, Wasit university, Al Kut, Iraq
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Rheima
arahema@uowasit.edu.iq
2
Chemistry department, science college, Wasit university, Al Kut Iraq
AUTHOR
Shaimaa
Jaber
shaemaahamed800@uomustansiriyah.edu.iq
3
Chemistry department, science college, Al- Mustansiriyah university, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Shahad
Hameed
shad.sa190@gmail.com
4
Chemistry department, science collage, Wasit university, Al Kut, Iraq
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Quantification and cancer risk evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil around selected telecom masts in Delta state Nigeria
Abstract T he objectives of this study is to provide empirical data on the concentrations, sources and human cancer risk through non dietary ingestion dermal contact and inhalations of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( 16-PAHs) in soils within the vicinity of telecom masts. Quantification of PAHs was by gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector. Across all sites, 16-PAHs were detected with individual mean PAH concentration range of 0,010 (Nap, Phe, Ant, Chr and I[123-cd]P) at site 9 (control) to 1.485 mg/kg (D[ah]A) at site 4. Also, the mean Ʃ16PAHs was highest in site 2 (10.622 mg/kg) and lowest at site 9 (0.236 mg/kg). The percentage occurrence of LPAHs and HPAHs are in range of 18.68 to 48.41% and 51.58 to 81.32% respectively. The source identification ratios show high and low temperature combustion processes as sources of PAHs. This could be from crankcase oils used in internal combustion engine and spilled diesel and oil from generator in these sites. The ILCR values through the non-dietary exposure routes are in the order of ingestion > dermal > inhalation. Analyses of variance also show significant variation (p < 0.05) in PAHs concentrations in respect to sites. The study found out that the cancer risk value for children was greater than adult value, and the total cancer risk values were higher than permissible limits, indicating potential for acute and chronic human cancer risk. The data generated in this study could serve as baseline reference for sitting and management of telecom masts.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69310_4238ce7ed07267a22ffc6b0bae6c5ddd.pdf
2020-02-01
433
448
10.21608/ejchem.2019.17620.2081
Soil PAHs
telecom mast
diesel generator
cancer risk assessment
Onoriode
Emoyan
emoyanonos@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemistry Faculty of science Delta State University
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chitosan/TiO2 nanocomposites: Effect of microwave heating and solution mixing techniques on physical properties
Chitosan/titanium oxide nanocomposite (CS/TiO2 nanocomposite) could be prepared by different physical and chemical methods for various applications. CS/TiO2 nanocomposite has been chemically prepared via microwave heating technique and physically prepared through solution mixing method. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used as spectral tools to characterize the functionality, phase, morphology and particles size of the prepared nanocomposites, respectively. The thermal stability was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while optical properties were studied using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis).The results have confirmed that CS/TiO2 nanocomposite was chemically and physically prepared via the outer sphere complexation and the electrostatic repulsion between chitosan and titanium oxide nanoparticles surface (TiO2 NPs), respectively. The thermal stability was enhanced with nanocomposite prepared by chemical method when compared to that prepared by the physical method. In addition, a significant shift in the peak of the chemically prepared nanocomposite from the UV region to visible region was observed. This shift could be attributed to the surface modification of TiO2 NPs by the chemical reaction.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_68614_c5df813bc16b5541f548fdfba43c1659.pdf
2020-02-01
449
460
10.21608/ejchem.2020.20908.2245
Chitosan
Titanium oxide nanoparticles
Microwave heating
Solution mixing
Optical properties
Labiba I.
Hussein
labiba51@gmail.com
1
Polymer laboratory, Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11272, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdaleem H.
Abdaleem
abdaleem_hassan@yahoo.com
2
Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed S. A.
Darwish
msa.darwish@gmail.com
3
Polymer laboratory, Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11272, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Moataz A.
Elsawy
mo3taz_elsawy@yahoo.com
4
Polymer laboratory, Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11272, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed H.
Mostafa
mohammedhassan70@yahoo.com
5
Polymer laboratory, Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11272, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lower Cost and Higher UV-Absorption of Polyvinyl Alcohol/ Silica Nanocomposites For Potential Applications
Films of (polyvinyl alcohol- silicon dioxide) nanocomposites were prepared for UV- shielding with low cost, low weight and excellent anti-UV properties. Studying the structural and optical properties of PVA/SiO2 nanocomposites have been investigated. The experimental results showed that the absorbance (A), absorption coefficient (), extinction coefficient (K), refractive index (n), real (ε1) and imaginary (ε2) parts of dielectric constants and optical conductivity (σop) of PVA are increased with increasing of the SiO2 concentrations. The transmittance (T) and energy band gap (Eg) decrease as a SiO2 concentrations increase. Also, te results showed that (PVA-SiO2) nanocomposites can be used for flexible solar cells, diodes and transistors applications.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_38399_1e885644aa5959ea3774397d958759b6.pdf
2020-02-01
461
470
10.21608/ejchem.2019.7264.1593
absorbance
silicon dioxide
Nanocomposites
Flexible
anti-UV
Ahmed
Hashim
ahmed_taay@yahoo.com
1
University of Babaylon
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zinah
Hamad
zinahham@yahoo.com
2
University of Babylon
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic study of 2-hydroxy benzothiazole incorporated 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives
A series of fifteen 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles derived from 2-hydroxy benzothiazole have been synthesized and screened for the anticancer activity. Different aromatic acids were used for this library for generating structure activity relationship. The in vitro cytotoxicity was done against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The synthesized compounds showed variable cytotoxic effects. Four compounds showed potent cytotoxic effect with IC50 varies from 1.8µM/mL to 4.5µM/mL. Other compounds showed moderate to lower cytotoxicity. 2-(5-((benzo[d]thiazol-2-yloxy)-methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenol was the most potent compound which showed a cytotoxicity effect (IC50 1.8 ± 0.02 µM/mL) comparable to the standard drug Doxirubicin (IC50 1.2 ± 0.005 µM/mL). From the result it was observed that aromatic ring activating groups such as methyl and hydroxyl, enhances the cytotoxicity effect, whereas aromatic ring deactivating groups such as nitro group showed moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69309_b350151dab12c06566e8f1ca75029b73.pdf
2020-02-01
471
482
10.21608/ejchem.2019.17265.2059
2-hydroxy benzothiazole
1
3
4-oxadiazole
Anticancer
SRB assay
Afnan
Alghamdi
fnoo-1993@hotmail.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
AUTHOR
Syed
Nazreen
syed.nazreen@gmail.com
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye on Hydrothermally Prepared Tungsten Oxide Nanosheets
Methylene blue (MB) dye was successfully adsorbed on hydrothermally prepared tungsten oxide nanosheets. SEM, XRD, FTIR and EDS were used for characterization of the prepared powder. Different parameters affecting the adsorption process such as, contact time, tungsten oxide dose, MB concentration, pH and temperature were investigated. The experimental data were fitted by first, second-order kinetic and intra-particle diffusion models in order to detect the kinetic of adsorption process. The second-order model is providing the best description of MB adsorption onto WO3.H2O. Adsorption equilibrium data obtained from Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm models, showed that the dye uptake is chemisorptions process. Thermodynamic data reveals that the adsorption reaction is exothermic and spontaneous. The effect of different crystalline phases of tungsten oxide nanosheets was investigated. Hydrated form WO3·H2O nanosheets show high adsorption performance, while the adsorption was poor in case of non-hydrated structure WO3 nanosheets.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69312_c3f27e87edb1fa4964be7e076e43e7d9.pdf
2020-02-01
483
498
10.21608/ejchem.2020.18997.2171
Tungsten oxide
methylene blue
hydrothermal
nanosheets
Ahmed
Doma
ahmed_egypt25@yahoo.com
1
Polymeric Materials Research Dept., Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nazly
Hassan
na_hassan12@yahoo.com
2
Composites and Nanostructures Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI),City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City),New Borg Al-Arab City,21934 Alexandria,Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abd-Elhamid
ahm_ch_ibr@yahoo.com
3
Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Material Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria, Egypt P. O. Box 21934.
AUTHOR
Hesham
Soliman
hsolman@link.net
4
Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ANTIBIOTIC OXYTETRACYCLINE SOLVATION INTERِِCTIONS WITH ETHANOL-AQUEOUS MIXTURS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
Abstract: The solubility is one of the vital parameters to attain the specified concentration of the drug in circulation for the desired (anticipated) pharmacologic response. This work aimed to calculate ion-solvent interaction, the density of ethanol-water (EtOH-H2O) mixtures; the density of oxytetracycline (OTC) saturated solutions, different volumes of solvation (Van der Waals volume, molar volume and electrostriction volume and solvated radii (ro)) from solubility data. It was found that; the activity coefficient (γ_±) of OTC were decreased by increasing the EtOH content in (EtOH-H2O) mixture used and also the logγ_± decrease within the rise in temperature. The densities and also the molar volume of OTC decrease by increasing the quantitative ratio of EtOH and also was increased by rising in temperature. The electrostriction volumes and therefore the solvated radii (ro) of OTC are increased as the EtOH content increase and also are increased by the rise in temperature.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_39762_1b8c31347edd928148234cae2dd30456.pdf
2020-02-01
499
506
10.21608/ejchem.2019.8105.1634
Ion-Ion Interactions
Oxytetracycline HCl
ethanol
Solubility
Solvation Volumes
Elsayed
Abouelleef
s.abouelleef@yahoo.com
1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Rafha, Northern Border University, 91911 Rafha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Elsayed
Helmy
stalaat41@yahoo.com
2
Marine Pollution Research Lab., National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Ministry of Scientific Research, Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis and characterization of magnetic sponge nanocomposite for cleaning archeological lime stones
Sponge-like magnetic nanocomposite consisting of magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 associated with a polyacrylamide gel matrix has been synthesized and can be used as an active nanomagnetic container for water-based detergent formulations as oil-in-water microemulsions. This prepared system was applied for gentle, controlled and selective cleaning of the archeological lime stone from iron rust and undesired residues. The embedding of magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 into the gel matrix was proved by IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy SEM, showing that the magnetic nanoparticles were successfully embedded in the gel structure. The lime stone samples with corrosion stains were cleaned using the prepared magnetic sponge nanocomposite carrying the water based detergent, followed by characterization of the surface of the samples before and after treatment through SEM, X- ray Florescence XRF and colour measurements. SEM images confirmed the full removal of stains. XRF analysis detected decreasing of the iron oxide ratio from 10.62% to 0.26% after cleaning. The colour measurement recorded the colour changes of the samples' surface before applying of the iron rust and after treatment with the prepared cleaning system and it was that the colour changes were with acceptable ratio and cannot be visible by naked eye.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_60629_b8068286b0eebb375a3ba40842f21507.pdf
2020-02-01
507
514
10.21608/ejchem.2019.18448.2141
polyacrylamide
Nanocomposite
o/w microemulsion
nanomagnetic sponge
archeological lime stone
Rokaya
Sobh
rokaya_aly@yahoo.com
1
National Research Centre, polymers and pigments department
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hanaa
Nasr
hanaa_nasr@hotmail.com
2
Polymer Dept., National research centre
AUTHOR
Wael
Mohamed
wsabry1976@yahoo.com
3
National research centre
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Production of zirconia materials from zircon for dye removal from wastewater
Zirconia (ZrO2) is a noteworthy metal oxide because of its characteristics. It can be implemented in different applications; adsorption of pollutant, and photocatalytic oxidation. The main focus of this research was to synthesize ZrO2 from low cost and locally available materials; zircon. As well the preparation of ZrO2 was conducted at different temperature procedures. Characterization of prepared materials was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) which confirmed the production of homogeneous spherical crystalline ZrO2 compared with commercial ZrO2. Moreover, ZrO2-500 was examined for removal of dye using adsorption and photocatalytic activities. The removal adsorptive capacity of ZrO2-500 for red dye 195 was decreased from 37.1 to 2.2 mg/g with increasing dose up to 3 g/L. Meanwhile, red dye was removed with rate constant of 0.132 - 0.324 h-1 under solar simulator. Finally, zirconia was successively prepared from low cost materials with lower energy and materials consumption.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_39771_c32b7968fe198eb8a336a40b80386a69.pdf
2020-02-01
515
523
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13583.1838
Pollutants
Zirconia
dye
Adsorption
photocatalysis
Degradation
Mohammed Eid M.
Ali
alienv81@yahoo.com
1
Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Sciences Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shimaa M.
Abdel Moniem
drshimaanrc@gmail.com
2
Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Center, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt ‎P.O. 12622‎
AUTHOR
Hanan S.
Ibrahim
drhanansibrahim@gmail.com
3
Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nabila S.
Ammar
nabilamammar@gmail.com
4
Water Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Heba K.
El-Kholly
hebakelkholly@gmail.com
5
Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Center, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, ‎Egypt ‎
AUTHOR
M.H.
Helal
6
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed G.
El-Deen
7
Renewable Energy Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.K.
Zahran
8
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis, characterization and application of reactive UV absorbers for enhancing UV protective properties of cotton fabric
Two colourless reactive UV absorbers 1 and 2 were synthesized by the condensation reaction of both 2,4,6-trichlorotriazine and sulfanilinic acid with 4-aminobenzophenone and ethyl 4-aminobenzoate, respectively. The structures of UV absorbers 1 and 2 were confirmed by IR, NMR (1H and 13C), and elemental analysis. The synthesized reactive UV absorbers were applied to cotton fabric using pad-dry method in comparison with both exhaustion and microwave methods. The results showed that excellent ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values were achieved on sodium hydroxide-treated cotton fabric using pad-dry method. The optimal conditions using pad-dry method, such as drying temperature, drying time and UV absorber concentration were discussed. It was found that the highest values of UPF and whiteness using reactive UV absorbers 1 and 2 especially after washing can be obtained in the conditions of 80 ºC drying temperature, 3 hours drying time and 15 g/l UV absorber concentration. The new reactive UV absorber 1 achieved excellent UPF value (58.2) compared to UV absorber 2 which exhibited poor UPF value (10.5) at the same conditions.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_68300_b70e2d452eaa43de451e2a1f8d7d14aa.pdf
2020-02-01
525
536
10.21608/ejchem.2020.22140.2324
Reactive UV absorbers
UPF
Whiteness
Pad-dry method
Sodium hydroxide-treated cotton fabric
Hekmat I.
Ibrahim
hekmatismail1991@yahoo.com
1
Dyeing, Printing & Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reham
Farouk
rfabdelhady@hotmail.com
2
Dyeing, Printing & Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Elham A.
El-karadly
elham_elkaradly@yahoo.com
3
Dyeing, Printing & Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Elwahy
aelwahy@hotmail.com
4
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdalla.
A. Mousa
mousanrc@gmail.com
5
Dyeing, Printing & Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chitosan based polyelectrolyte complexes development for anionic and cationic dyes adsorption
As huge amounts of hazardous dyes from different industries are causing water pollution, the removal of these compounds from a process or waste effluents becomes a crucial environmental importance. The adsorption method has been found to handle large quantities without the formation of hazardous substances. In spite of the efficiency of the adsorption technique, the high cost of the adsorbent materials is a stumbling block for large scale applications. An eco-friendly, low-cost and efficient adsorbent has been prepared for wastewater management. Hydrolyzed and sulphonated styrene maleic anhydride copolymers, were mixed with chitosan to form nano-polyelectrolyte complexes. Structure, particle size and thermal behavior of the complexes were investigated by spectral and thermogravimetric analyses. The hydrolyzed and sulphonated styrene maleic anhydride chitosan complexes (H-SMA-CS and S-SMA-CS) were examined for the adsorption of Congo red and Maxilon blue as anionic and cationic dyes, respectively. The experimental data of adsorption were found to fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic. The maximum adsorption capacities of Congo red were 234 and 116 mg/g where those of Maxilon blue were 702 and 1830 mg/g on S-SMA-CS and H-SMA-CS, respectively. The isotherm results were well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69314_9109feca8ceb349ea0f1b9620f2abfd7.pdf
2020-02-01
537
554
10.21608/ejchem.2020.20522.2229
Chitosan
Styrene Maleic anhydride
Polyelectrolyte complexes
Congo red
Maxilon blue
Isotherm
Kinetics
Eman
Ali
eman.abobakr@outlook.com
1
Polymer & Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Ismail
naderdiab2003@yahoo.com
2
Polymer & Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Maher
Elsabee
mzelsabee@yahoo.com
3
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Reaction of Lawesson’s Reagent with Triethylphosphite
Previously, It has been reported that the reaction of L.R. with Di and Tri alkyl phosphites afforded the thioproducts. Here in, we have reacted Lawesson’s reagent (L.R.,1) with triethylphosphite 2 in refluxing acetonitrile to give three phosphonate derivatives 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Structures of the later products were confirmed by analytical and spectroscopic evidences.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69316_2cdbf9a18a50e1b44e4c22515a00ef00.pdf
2020-02-01
555
560
10.21608/ejchem.2020.21128.2261
Lawesson’s reagent
triethylphosphite
phosphonates
Naglaa
Abd ELRahman
naglaa_r@yahoo.com
1
Green Chemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo , Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed
Elkateb
ahmedelkateb@gmail.com
2
Green chemistry dept., NRC
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide – Attapulgite composite and its use in kinetic study of Alizarin Dye Adsorption from Aqueous Media
Attapulgite clay was modified in this study by the graphene oxide sheets and the clay was diagnosed before and after modification using several techniques (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR, X-ray powder diffraction XRD, Scanning electron microscope SEM , energy dispersive spectroscopy EDX ) ,The surface of the attapulgite clay (before (Ata) after modification by graphene oxide (Ata-GO) ) was applied to adsorption of the Alizarin dye from its water solutions through the application of several kinetic models (pseudo first-order model , pseudo second -order model , intraparticle diffusion model ),It was found that the practical results follow pseudo second -order model. The process of modification on the surface of the mud has improved the adsorption properties where the quantity dye adsorbed is equal to ( 55 , 81 ) mg/g by the surfaces (Ata ,Ata-GO) respectively.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69307_8f7afb1a8066eff46794d0bc38c7a877.pdf
2020-02-01
561
572
10.21608/ejchem.2019.15600.1946
Attapulgite
graphene oxide
Modified Adsorbent
Alizarin Dye
Ahmed
Abbas
ahmed.phychem@gmail.com
1
chemistry ,collage of education for pure science (ibn al haithem), University of Baghdad
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sundus
Merza
sundusm.sm@gmail.com
2
chemistry,collage of education for pure science (ibn al-haithem)university of baghdad ,baghdad,Iraq
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis and characterization of new 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine derivatives
Due to the biological significance of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles this work is concerned with the synthesis and reactions of new 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine 1. The parent oxadiazole 1 was obtained from reaction of 4-chlorophenylacetic acid with semicarbazide in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride followed by addition of potassium hydroxide. Acylation of amino oxadiazoles 1 with acid chlorides such as acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 4-methoxybenzoyl chloride, 4-tert-butylbenzoyl chloride and chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine yielded the acylated compounds 2-7. Reaction of phenyl isocyanate and 3-chlorophenyl isocyanate with oxadiazole 1 afforded the urea derivatives 8 and 9. Cyclization of acetamide 7 by reaction with ammonium thiocyanate gave thiazolidinone 10. Coupling of chloroacetamide 7 with mercapto derivatives in the presence of diisopropylethylamine give oxadiazole derivatives 11-13. New compounds were obtained in a good yield and elucidation was done using mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_69315_3474091aeae80686d3f6413d05595acb.pdf
2020-02-01
573
578
10.21608/ejchem.2020.20671.2239
Phenylacetic acid
1
3
4-oxadiazoles
acid chloride
thiazolidinone
coupling
Eid
Salama
eidsalama2000@gmail.com
1
Chemistry Department- Faculty of Science- Suez Canal University
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Plating Materials on the Corrosion Properties of Steel Alloy 4130
The performance of weathering decay of uncoated and Ni, Cu and Cd coated steel alloy 4130 in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution was anticipated. The Ni-coated sample showed greater corrosion inhibition effect than both Cu-coated and Cd-coated depending on the obtained results of open circuit potential, polarization curves, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. The surface of uncovered and covered electrodes are described by subjecting to scanning electron microscopy prior and afterward engagement in a salt solution. The best corrosion resistance and surface morphology achieved in Ni-coated steel alloy. The inhibition efficiencies of tested samples were 90.7, 89.1 and 56.9 for the Ni-coated, Cu-coated, and Cd-coated respectively.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_39769_56e19f1e02f4d2503a27063f276107b9.pdf
2020-02-01
579
597
10.21608/ejchem.2019.11023.1706
Steel alloy 4130
Electroplating
Polarization
EIS
SEM
Y.
Reda
1
Chemical Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology New Damietta
AUTHOR
K. M.
Zohdy
2
Higher Technological Institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ashraf K.
Eessaa
3
Electronic Research Institute, Lab. of Nanotechnology
AUTHOR
Ashraf
El-Shamy
elshamy10@yahoo.com
4
Physical chemistry department
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Utilization of Ultrasonic as an Approach of Green Chemistry for Synthesis of Hydrazones and Bishydrazones as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Hydrazides 3,4, Hydrazones 6a-c, bishydrazones 8a,b, N-hydroxy-N'-arylpropanehydrazonamide 9a,b and 1-(piperidin-1-yl)-N2-arylamidrazones 10a,b were prepared under ultrasonic waves as an approach for green chemistry. a notable good yield and short reaction time were afforded under ultrasonic waves.The structures of compounds were confirmed in terms of spectroscopic and elemental analyses. The invitro antimicrobial activity of the prepared compounds were evaluated. most of compounds exhibited an excellent growth inhibition such as compounds 2, 3 and 8b against gram positive bacteria, while 2, 3, 8b, 9a, 10a and 10b against gram negative bacteria. all of tested compounds have excellent or good antifungal activity except 3
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_38434_4d453d35b8b01bb7ce1fbfb1b172f782.pdf
2020-02-01
599
610
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13440.1833
Ultrasonic
Green chemistry
Hydrazide
hydrazone
Bishydrazones
Antimicrobial
Ahmed
Younis
younischem@gmail.com
1
National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ghada
Awad
ghadaawad18@yahoo.com
2
Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research division
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Fabrication, Structural and Optical properties for (Polyvinyl Alcohol–Polyethylene Oxide– Iron Oxide) Nanocomposites
Nanocomposites were usually used for different fields in an industrial applications with low cost and low weight. In this paper, nanocomposites from polyvinyl alcohol- polyethylene oxide- iron oxide nanoparticles have been fabricated. The iron oxide nanoparticles were added to polymer blend by different weight percentages are (2, 4 and 6) wt.%. The structural and dielectric properties of (PVA-PEO-Fe2O3) nanocomposites were studied. The results showed that the dielectric constant, dielectric loss and electrical conductivity of (PVA-PEO) blend are increased with the increase in iron oxide nanoparticles concentrations. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss are decreased while the electrical conductivity increases with the increase in frequency of applied electric field. The optical measurements showed the absorbance of (PVA-PEO-Fe2O3) nanocomposites is increased with increasing of the concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles. The indirect energy gap (Eg) of (PVA-PEO) blend decreases with the increase of the concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles. The optical constants such as absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary dielectric constants and optical conductivity of (PVA-PEO) blend varied with the increase of the weight percentages of iron oxide nanoparticles.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_37222_306c9d23ebf047cbcdcb6863e633266e.pdf
2020-02-01
611
623
10.21608/ejchem.2019.10197.1669
Conductivity
Nanocomposites
Dielectric properties
polymer blend
Iron Oxide
Energy Gap
extinction coefficient
Qayssar
Jebur
qayssarjeb@yahoo.com
1
Ministry of Education
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Hashim
ahmed_taay@yahoo.com
2
University of Babaylon
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majeed
Habeeb
majeedali7@yahoo.com
3
University of Babylon
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis and Physicomechanical Studies of Nano ZnO Coated Textile fabrics
In the current study cotton fabric was in situ loaded with zinc oxide nanoparticles. Urea was used as a dispersion medium to transform zinc acetate salt into ZnONPs within the matrix of the cotton fabric. These cotton fabrics were characterized before and after loading of ZnONPs using DTA, FTIR, SEM coupled with EDX, tensile strength and air permeability in order to determine the effect of the in situ loaded ZnONPs on the thermal behavior, chemical integrity, microstructure, mechanical properties and air permeability (%) properties of the cotton fabrics. The obtained results reviled that presence of in situ loaded ZnONPs has a slight effect on the thermal behavior of the cotton fabrics. Also, presence of in situ loaded ZnONPs was confirmed by FTIR and SEM coupled with EDX techniques in form of dispersed aggregates within the cotton matrix. The physical properties of the in situ loaded ZnONPs were found to be dependent on the concentration of the ZnONPs. This treated cotton fabrics are recommended for biomedical applications.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_38452_937863de0c57b52b297617ee9356cc9e.pdf
2020-02-01
625
631
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13725.1849
in situ
Physical properties
ZnO NPs
Cotton
biomedical applications
Soha
Abd Alhalim
soha_geg@yahoo.com
1
Apparel Department, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Mabrouk
mostafamabrouk.nrc@gmail.com
2
Refractories, Ceramics and Building materials Department
AUTHOR
Sayed
Kanawy Ibrahim
ksayed6631@gmail.com
3
National Research Centre, 30 El-Tahrir Street
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nermin
H. Hamdy
n.hamdy@aswu.edu.eg
4
Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Aswan University, Egypt
AUTHOR
abdelrahim
ramadan
abdelrahim_ramadan@hotmail.com
5
Apparel Department, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Predicting the Removal Amount of Aqueous Thiocyanate Anions by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Novel Artificial Neural Network Methods
In this work, the adsorbent method is performed using artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. The adsorbent is applied for removal of Thiocyanate in water samples using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as effective sorbent. Prediction amount of Thiocyanate removal was investigated with novel algorithms of neural network. For this purpose, six parameters were chosen as training input data of neural network functions including pH, time of stirring, the mass of adsorbent, volume of TiO2, volume of Fe (III), and volume of buffer. Performances of the suggested methods were examined using statistical parameters and found that it is an efficient, effective modeling satisfactory outputs. The radial basis function (RBF) and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm could accurately predict the experimental data with correlation coefficient of 0.997939 and 0.99931, respectively. The Pearson's Chi–square measure was found to be 29.00 for most variables, indicating that these variables are likely to be dependent in some way.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_37220_e6f5b54e807a60c018ffeb8a8c5937d0.pdf
2020-02-01
633
652
10.21608/ejchem.2019.6409.1540
Thiocyanate
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Fe-SCN complex
artificial neural network
Pearson's Chi–square
Rashin
Andayesh
rashinandayesh@gmail.com
1
Departemant of chemistry, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehran
Zargaran
mehran.zargaran@yahoo.com
2
Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of Disappearing ink Writings on Different Types of Documents
Disappearing inks are used in textile industry such as dressmaking crafts and as a kind of teaching material; for example, printed questions are visible and the spaces for an answer exhibit invisible disappearing ink. The answers only become visible using a coloring assistant. This research was conducted on the preparation of disappearing inks using different concentrations of thymolphthalein (Th-ph) and O-Cresolphthalein (O-Cph). The prepared inks were applied to different types of handwriting papers. It was found that the handwriting stability increased by increasing thymolphthalein (Th-ph) and O-Cresolphthalein (O-Cph), or alkali concentration. Deciphering of the faded documents was evaluated by different methods. Commercial paper C2 surfaces gave the more handwriting stability than other paper, the order of stability were C2 ≥ C1 > Azhar >Xerox > C3 >C4 > Edfo. All the faded documents were visible when treated with alkaline solution. When the faded documents surfaces are exposed to the thermal effect there is no change in all the faded documents. Disappearing inks have been used in different fields, but it may be abused in forgery and counterfeiting.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_37224_2c2e7d1a0875179ef04ffdc2566a28a4.pdf
2020-02-01
653
668
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13062.1816
Forensic medicine
questioned documents
disappearing inks
fading time
thymolphthalein
O-Cresolphthalein
Nora
Hilal
norahelal832@yahoo.com
1
Chemistry depatment.faculty of science,al_azhar University,Cairo
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rania H.
Twfiq
rntawfik@yahoo.com.au
2
Department of Forgery and Counterfeiting Research, Forensic Medicine Authority, Ministry of Justice, El-Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt 11461.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity And Acute Toxicity Test of A novel 4̄,4̄̄ - (4, 5, 6, 7-Tetrahydro- [1, 2, 3 -] Selenad Iazolo [4, 5 e] Pyridine-4, 6-Diyl) BIS(Benzene-1, 3-Diol)
Novel selena-diazole compound (T) i.e. 4̄, 4̄̄ - (4 ,5 ,6 ,7- Tetrahydro- [1,2,3-] selenadiazolo [4, 5e] pyridine - 4, 6 - diyl) bis (benzene-1,3-diol) was prepared by reacting 2,4-hydroxy benzaldehyde with acetone in the presence of ammonium acetate through condensation reaction to form 2,6-bis(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)piperidin-4-one, which on reaction with hydrazinecarboxamide in absolute ethanol in acidic medium gave 2-(2,6-bis(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)piperidin-4-ylidene) hydrazine-1-carboxamide which converted to T by reaction with selenium dioxide in excellent yield. T was characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data which confirmed the proposed structure. The median lethal dose (LD50) of T compound was assayed to determine the median toxic dose also the lowest toxic dose. LD50 was found equal to 863.28 mg/kg which indicate that T considered slightly toxic based on Hodge and Sterner scale. Antimicrobial activity of T at deferent concentrations showed some promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, using filter paper disk method. The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Also, it has a potent antifungal effect against Candida albicans, Candida krusi, and Candida paras. It can be conclude that T more safe and has a good antibacterial and antifungal activity.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_34843_b879b9964860f1075e9f316bc7ebeee8.pdf
2020-02-01
669
681
10.21608/ejchem.2019.11702.1753
selena-diazole
LD50
Antibacterial
Antifungal
MIC
Nadheerah
Neamah
fanma_64@hotmail.com
1
Pharmacology and Toxicology/College of Pharmacy/Basrah University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdul-Razzak
Khudair
d.abulrazzak79@gmail.com
2
Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry/College of Veterinary Medicine/University of Basrah
AUTHOR
Shaker.A.N.
Al-Jadaan
shakeraljadaan2@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry/Pharmacy College/University of Basrah
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Catalytic and Noncatalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Jatropha Seeds: Experimental Measurements and Modeling
The main problems facing worldwide especially the developing countries are the shortage and high prices of fossil fuels, therefore, searching for renewable sources of energy is highly recommended. Therefore, the conversion of biomass into alternative fuel has become one of the attracting sources of renewable energy. The bio-energy is now accepted as having the potential to provide the major part of the projected renewable energy in the future. However, there are many conversion processes such as pyrolysis, gasification, combustion, and liquefaction. Among them the thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis) which acquired special attention as it can convert it directly into liquid, solid and gaseous products by thermal decomposition in absence of oxygen. The present work will consider Jatropha curcas as the biomass source because Jatropha seeds are high energy bearing seeds available in nature. The aim of this work is to examine the fast pyrolysis process of Jatropha seeds with and without catalyst. Further, a model has been tested using experimental data measured in this study. The thermal decomposition of the Jatropha seed and the kinetics of the fast pyrolysis behavior has been investigated in the two cases using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at a heating rate of 20ᵒC/min in air atmosphere which indicated the range of temperature in which rate of decomposition is maximum. The results of TGA and DTG data revealed that iso-conversational free model (KAS) method gave excellent prediction with a good agreement of oil yields. The activation energies of Jatropha curcas seeds were obtained in the range of (60 to 65 kJ/mol-1) which was much lower than that of the literature (196 to 222 kJ/mol-1) concluding that the reaction rate was fast as a fast pyrolysis process already used and the correlation coefficient (R2) is 0.9987.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_66898_174082377bb5bc12fff2cd52dc59ccba.pdf
2020-02-01
683
702
10.21608/ejchem.2019.19911.2201
Fast pyrolysis
Jatropha seeds
Catalyst
modeling
TGA
Activation energy
Shaimaa
Saeed
engshaimaa24@gmail.com
1
Chemical Engineering department, Faculty of Engineering, El Minia University, El Minia, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Ashour
ibrahim.ashour@gmail.com
2
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia University. El-Minia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hisham
Sherif
hisham@entag.net
3
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia University. El-Minia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Ali
mohamedroali@mu.edu.eg
4
Mechanical Power Engineering & Energy Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia University. El-Minia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Electrochemical behavior of Cu-10Al-10Zn alloy in seawater in the presence of cationic surfactants benzotriazole derivatives
The behavior of Cu-10Al-10Zn alloy in seawater was studied in absence and presence of different concentrations of different surfactants (1-hexyl-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-1- ium bromide (HBT(6)), 1-dodecyl-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-1- ium bromide, (DBT(12)), and 1-octadecyl-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-1- ium bromide, (OBT(18)) as corrosion inhibitors. These inhibitors were synthesized and their structures, (HBT) as a representative compound, were confirmed using 1HNMR and FTIR techniques. Conventional electrochemical techniques such as polarization methods and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used. The inhibition efficiency increased by increasing the concentration of the prepared cationic surfactants in the medium. The curves of potentiodynamic polarization technique showed that, the performance of all prepared compounds act as mixed type. The standard free energy (〖∆G〗_ads^°) values indicate that the three prepared cationic surfactants adsorbed via physicochemical adsorption and obeyed to Langmuir adsorption model. AFM technique observed the decrease of surface roughness due to the protective film formed on Cu-10Al-10Zn alloy surface.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_38448_21894b6b9dba605312efa08788bd6a15.pdf
2020-02-01
703
719
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13443.1834
Cu-Al-Zn alloy
Seawater
Corrosion inhibition
cationic surfactants
AFM
EIS
M. A.
Migahed
1
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abdu
ahmednasser1992@outlook.com
2
Department of basic science, High Institute for Engineering and Modern Technology, New-Elmarg, El-Qalyubia, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Elfeky
3
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.M.
EL-Rabiei
4
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Uranium adsorption from Bahariya Oasis leach liquor via TOPO impregnated bentonite material; Isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
The current study includes the application of cost effective TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide) impregnated bentonite for efficient uranium adsorption adsorption. Various experimental parameters (pH, time, adsorbent weight, mechanical stirring, uranium concentration and temperature) were thoroughly investigated. The synthesized trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) based adsorbent was characterized via XRD, SEM, BET, TGA and FT-IR. The results showed 78.3% uranium adsorption can be achieved under optimized conditions (30 min, TOPO impregnated onto bentonite form 1.87M sulfate leach liquor solution of 250 mg/L at room temperature). The obtained findings fitted well with thermodynamic, isothermal (0<RL<1, favorable adsorption) and pseudo second order kinetics (rate constant 0.20 g/mg min-1). In thermodynamical studies negative sign of (∆G°) specified the spontaneity of process, (∆H°)(endothermic) and positive sign (∆S°) show high randomness after adsorption.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_39238_16423148c97cd55355eb34eb21b8c836.pdf
2020-02-01
721
741
10.21608/ejchem.2019.13638.1843
Keywords: Uranium
Adsorption
leach liquor
TOPO
and bentonite
A.
Masoud
a.m.masoud@gmail.com
1
Nuclear Materials Authority.P.O. Box-530, El Maddi, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Muhammad
Saeed
msaeed@chem.qau.edu.pk
2
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320-Islamabad, Pakistan
AUTHOR
M.
Taha
dr.mohamednma@gmail.com
3
Nuclear Materials Authority.P.O. Box-530, El Maddi, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
El-Maadawy
elma3dawi@yahoo.com
4
Nuclear Materials Authority.P.O. Box-530, El Maddi, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
New nature dye printing paste functional on Varies fabric kinds enhanced by plasma irradiation
In coloration of fabrics, natural dye shows more environmental advantages than synthetic dyes; however, the product has poorer color and fastness properties. The present study showed the suitability of printing most kind of fabrics (natural synthetic and blends) with natural dye using pigment printing technique assist by plasma radiation with high product quality. The effect of different factors was studied as plasma conditions (power & exposure time), binder’s concentration, fabric type and structure of natural dye. Various measurements as SEM, AFM, and EDX evaluated the effect of plasma treatment on the fabric surface. The gained results of both color strength (K/S ) and fastness properties showed a great extent in enhancing printability and indicating that plasma treatment of printed fabrics with natural dye has high K/S values and excellent fastness properties comparing with the blank sample.
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_68366_4f90daaabab66b27ddba44220d62e507.pdf
2020-02-01
743
758
10.21608/ejchem.2020.18694.2153
Atmospheric pressure plasma
Natural Dye
Cotton
Cotton/Polyester
Color Strength
Hend
Ali
hend_plasma@yahoo.com
1
Dye and pigment department Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Kawther
Abdelzaher
kawther_zaher@yahoo.com
2
National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Usama
Rashad
osama_rashad@yahoo.com
3
azhar university
AUTHOR
azza
El-Halwagy
azza@journeywithyou.com
4
national research centre
AUTHOR
Heba
El-hennawi
skybird740@yahoo.com
5
textile devision ,national research centre
LEAD_AUTHOR