National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Treated Wastewater Impact on Rural Green Farm Life Cycle, Egypt965975399710.21608/ejchem.2017.1379.1090ENM. HamdyEl AwadyWater pollution research department, environmental research division, National Research Centre0000-0003-1014-7260NeamaMarzouk2Vegetable Res. Dept, Agricultural REs. Division, NRCBakryBakryCrops Res. Dept, Agricultural Res Division, NRC0000-0002-7695-3401Hamdy MAbdel RahmanGenetics and Cytology Dept, NRCAmanyKenawyHydrobiology Dept., NRCJournal Article20170724Treated effluent from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) offers significant water demand in all areas of activities in rural farm. This research evaluates the reuse of secondary treated wastewater (STWW) for irrigating crops, fresh vegetables and feeding fish farm. Physico-chemical, heavy metals and cytogenetic have been investigated. Intensive analyses of crops seeds, vegetables components, soil, dried sludge and fish organisms have been carried out. Results showed that the characteristics of secondary treated wastewater can be used for crops plantation and fish farming. Cytogenetic studies using Alliums’ bio-tests were investigated. The concentrations of each: Cr, Pb, Co, Se, Ni, Cu, and Zn in STWW was less than 0.1 mg/l. Carbon content, nitrogen, and phosphorous were: 6.0; 1.2; and 0.1 mg/l, respectively fulfilling the requirements C: N: P ratios for plant growth. Results showed also that the irrigated crops and vegetables exhibited good growth. Analyses of roots, stems, leaves, seeds and sludge showed metals concentrations were within the permissible range. Tilapia fish showed noticeable vitality. Parasitological examination of fish revealed no parasitic cysts detected in the skin, gills and intestine, respectively. It showed no bacterial strains isolated from fish tissues. Macroscopically parameters as root length and shape look normal and healthy, while microscopically parameters showed no change of mitotic index, RDR, phase index, chromosomal aberrations of the bioassay plant tissues and do not stimulate specific type of chromosomal aberrations as well as percentage of chromosomal aberrations. All studied parameters were found in normal limits when compared with control values. This indicated the efficiency of the treatment system; hence STWW has no mutagenicity or cytotoxicity effects. Examined parameters in this study were found in normal limits if compared with trigger levels of treated wastewater.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Selected Pesticide Congeners (PCBs) in Nile River Waters, Egypt977984421410.21608/ejchem.2017.1877.1156ENHossam F.NassarDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Industrial Development, Faculty of Post Graduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef university0000-0002-5410-154XJournal Article20171020Discharging of higher levels of persistent organic pollutant (POPs) including PCBs to the Nile River waters poses a great environmental impact and human hazardous risk. Therefore, we carried out this study to assess the concentration levels of selected PCB congeners and evaluate their health risk at three different areas along Nile River from South to North of Egypt. Collected samples were extracted and analyzed using (GC-Ms, Agilent). The detected total average concentration levels of selected ten PCB congeners along the three sampling sites Beni-suef (S1), Greater Cairo S2) and Banha (S3) were ranged from 3.89 to 25.5 with an average of 16.51 𝜇g/L, 5.51 to 33.61 with an average of 20.75 𝜇g/L and from 6.14 to with an average of 27.01 𝜇g/L at S1, S2 and S3, respectively. These concentrations were above the acceptable permissible limit set by USEPA for PCBs in drinking water (0.5 𝜇g/L), indicating an important PCB pollution problem in the Nile River water and high possibility of human adverse health effects. Therefore, counter measures and laws enforcement should be applied to minimize the risk of PCBs in the Egyptian environment.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Coating Effect of Trimedlure and Methyl Eugenol by Some Polymers on Male Attraction of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly and Peach Fruit Fly Under Field Conditions985993421210.21608/ejchem.2017.1262.1069ENMostafa MhranEl-MetwallyPlant Protection Research InstituteِAli AhmedAminPlant Prrotection Research InstituteElham AhmedYoussefDepartment of Polymers and Pigments, National Research CentreMahmoudAbd El-GhaffarDepartment of Polymers and Pigments, National Research Centre0000-0003-1725-566xJournal Article20170827The Egyptian fruits are attacked by two tepheritid pests; the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedmann) causing considerable damage. The ultimate goal of this study is to investigate the response of Mediterranean and peach fruit flies males to trimedlure (TML) and methyl eugenol (ME) coated by different polymers. The impregnated cotton wicks of TML and ME were coated with different types of polymers including chitosan 0.5%, sodium alginate 0.5%, styrene acrylate 8.0% (St Acrylate) and Polyvinyl alcohol 0.5% (PVA 0.5%). The study was carried out by using Jackson trap at different orchards at Dakhlia and Menofia governorates. The attracting efficiency of TML and ME for attracting both of C. capitata and B. zonata males are improved when coating by using some polymers. The TML that coated by St Acrylate 8% polymer was significantly the highest one for attracting C. capitata males, while, the ME that coated by PVA 0.5% was significantly the highest one for capturing B. zonata males. The study suggests that attention should be paid to improve trapping quality by using the mentioned polymers.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Abatement of p-Nitrophenol from Aqueous Solutions Using Oxidized Carbon Fiber9951006419610.21608/ejchem.2017.1861.1154ENShaymaaEl-ShafeyPhysical chemistry, inorganic chemical industries division, national research centreNady AFathyPhysical Chemistry, Inorganic chemical industries division, National Research Centre,0000-0002-6522-1053LailaKhalilPhysical chemistry, inorganic chemical industries division, national research centreJournal Article20171022Two oxidized carbon fibers (o-CF and o-CF-400) with microporous structure and surface area as high as ~ 1500-1130 m2/g were prepared from commercial carbon fiber felt to be used as good carbon adsorbents for removing highly toxic organic pollutant. The obtained oxidized CF samples were characterized by SEM, N2 adsorption isotherms at -196oC as well as Boehm's titration and FTIR techniques. Removal of p-nitrophenol (p-NP), as a probe organic pollutant existed in wastewater of various industries, was studied in a batch mode. Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies were investigated and found that the adsorption data of p-NP molecules were well-fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm. Based on the porosity developed in oxidized CFs, PNP molecules are mostly accommodated onto micropores. An oxidized carbon fiber, o-CF showed the higher removal of p-NP than that obtained using o-CF-400 due to its high micropore surface area (1450 m2/g). It was clearly observed that the adsorption of p-NP depended remarkably on the surface area of carbon fibers. It was found that values of monolayer adsorption capacity obtained by application of Langmuir equation were 258 and 155 mg/g using o-CF and o-CF-400 adsorbents, respectively, at 25oC and pH 4. Finally, it can be concluded that the both oxidized carbon fibers can be emerged as effective adsorbents because they exhibited a great adsorption capability in removing organic pollutants from wastewater.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers/Polylactic acid/TiO2 as Antibacterial Bionanocomposite for Active Packaging10071014421310.21608/ejchem.2017.1835.1153ENAhmedEl-GendyCellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, EgyptRagab E.Abou-ZeidCellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, EgyptAhmedSalamaCellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, EgyptMohamed Abdel-Hamid Abdel-RahmanDiabCellulose and Paper Department, Chemical Industries Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, El-Giza, Egypt0000-0002-3721-135XMohamedEl-SakhawyCellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20171014The development of bionanocomposite films with improved structural morphology of cellulose nanofiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) was achieved. The new strategy was attained via the grafting of TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNFs) prepared from corn cops using wheat gluten protein. The effect of different percent of TOCNFs and grafted-CNF (G-CNFs) on tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the produced films were studied as well as the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles. The surface morphology and thermal analysis of the films were revealed by scanning electron microscope and thermal gravimetric analysis. The incorporation of G–CNF enhanced the mechanical properties of the films due to the good dispersion and strong interactions with PLA.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Some Novel Pyrazole Containing Imidiazole, Pyrazole, Oxazole, Thiadiazole and Benzochromene derivatives10151028419510.21608/ejchem.2017.1824.1151ENHend NagahHafezPhotochemistry department, National Research center, Chemical Industrial Section, DokKi, Gizza0000-0003-1541-8744Journal Article20171011A series of novel pyrazole derivatives bearing pyran, pyridine, pyrazole, imidazol, 1,3 oxazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole 4a,b, 5a,b, 6, 8, 9 and 14a-g have been synthesized. 2-Amino-4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H -pyrazol-4-yl)-4H-benzo[g]chromene-3-carbonitrile derivative 15 was synthesized under microwave irradiation. Also compound 15 was used for the synthesis of benzo[g]chromene derivatives 16 & 17 and benzo[g] chromene[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivative 19. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds was elucidated on the basis of analytical and spectral analyses. All the synthesized compounds screened for the anticancer activity against three tumor cell lines using doxorubicin as standard. Compounds 5b (IC50 =0.36, 0.28, 0.32 µmol L-1) and 14b (IC50 =0.38, 0.32, 0.22 µmol L-1) has excellent cytotoxic agents against the three tumor cell lines, which is more potent than the activity of doxorubicin.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Chemical and Bacteriological Impacts of Wastewater on The Water Resources at Atfih Area, Giza Governorate, Egypt10291043419410.21608/ejchem.2017.1676.1146ENSalahAbo-El Eneindepartment of chemistry faculty of science ain ahams universityMostafaKhalilchemistry department faculty of science ain shams university0000-0002-8031-2447YahiaGedamyhydrogeochemistry department desert research centerHebaSalemchemistry department,faculty of science, ain shams university, Cairo EgyptJournal Article20170925The present work is aimed to detect the pollutants in the water resources (surface water and groundwater) and their impact on human health as well as evaluate these water resources for different purposes at Atfih area which occupies the southern portion of Giza governorate. To achieve the aim of the present study, fifty water samples (surface water and groundwater samples) are collected during March (2016) and chemically analyzed for detection of inorganic and bacteriological pollutants. Drinking and agriculture in this area depend mainly on the water of Nile River and two main canals namely El Khashab and masjid Musa canals as well as groundwater. The results indicated that, El Khashab and masjid Musa canals are subjected to pollution from different sources. Also, the shallow groundwater tapped from the near surface quaternary deposits is also subjected to pollution. The so-called El Saff wastewater canal represents one of the main sources of pollution for the water resources in the study area. This canal runs longitudinally for about 50km along the foot slopes of the eastern Eocene escarpment. All the detected pollutants are considered very serious to people's health. The most important pollution problem sources include the wastewater produced from the industrial complex at Helwan area in addition to the wastewater discharged from El Saff wastewater canal into the Nile River and its canals. On the other hand, the excessive seepage of drainage water rich in fertilizers and pesticides causes pollution for groundwater. Majority of surface water (El Khashab and Masjid Musa canals) samples and groundwater samples in the study area are unsuitable for drinking as they have Fe, Sr, B and NO3- more than that of the permissible limit. In conclusion, most of the surface water and groundwater samples in the study area are suitable for irrigation.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Effect of Wet Processing Operations on Functional Properties Imparted to PET Fabrics Loaded with Different Metal Oxides Nanoparticles Part I: Effect of Finishing on Properties Imparted to Bleached PET Fabrics loaded with TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 NPs10451057425910.21608/ejchem.2017.1955.1160ENSamyShalabyTextile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt0000-0003-3148-2877NaserGadTextile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt0000-0002-8597-3308SamihaAbo El-OlaTextile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt0000-0002-3852-3320MargritaBilyakovaTextile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, EgyptAliElshafeiDivision of Genetic Engineering, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20171030The present article investigates the effect of finishing wet operations on functional properties imparted to bleached and partially hydrolyzed PET fabrics by loading with TiO2, ZnO and SnO2 nanoparticles. Different trials have been carried out to clarify the effect of the sequences of finishing wet process on the properties of loaded with nanoparticles PET fabrics. Characterization of the so finished fabrics was carried out through SEM, EDX and FT-IR. EDX and FT-IR have confirmed that, interaction has actually taken place between carboxylic groups created on PET fabrics and each of the applied nanoparticles. Moreover, the obtained data revealed that, the finishing wet operation has no effect on the abovementioned interaction. The effect of finishing wet operation on the functional performances of PET fabrics was evaluated by analyzing its antimicrobial activity and ultraviolet protection properties. The antimicrobial activity was tested against B. mycoides, E. coli and C. albicans. It has been found that, loading PET fabrics with TiO2 and ZnO during or after carrying final finishing process using pad-dry-cure method paves the way for imparting outstanding antimicrobial activity even after five washing cycles. Also the obtained results revealed that, the sequence of loading the applied NPs before or during or after carrying finishing wet operation highly affect the UPF values.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Synthesis of Novel 2,3-Disubstituted Quinazolin-4-(3H)-ones and Their Antibacterial Activity on the Ultra-structure of Some Pathogenic Microorganisms10591066416510.21608/ejchem.2017.1819.1152ENMahmoud RefaeeAklChemisty department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptSalwaEl-SayedFuture Univ.0000-0002-5392-689XKhaledSaiedChemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20171012A series of highly functionalized quinazolin-4-ones, with different substituents at position 3, have been concisely synthesized in good yields, via the reactions of 3-amino-6-bromo-2-undecy-lquinazoline-4(3H)-one with one carbon donor isothiocyanatobenzene, followed by α-chlorinated compounds and 1,2-dichloroethanone. Moreover, reactions of 6-bromo-2-undecyl-4H-benzo-[3,1]oxazin-4-one with different hydrazides were also examined, giving new 3-substituted quinazolin-4-one derivatives. Some of the new quinazolin-4-ones were screened against gram negative and positive bacteria and showed good to moderate antibacterial activity. Structures of all new synthesized compounds in this investigation were substantiated using spectroscopic IR, 1H-NMR and MS studies.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Chemical and Biological Contamination of Drinking Water as Affected by Residual Chlorine Deterioration and Storing Period: Case Study in Sinai, Egypt10671076399810.21608/ejchem.2017.1488.1106ENHussein IbrahimAbdel-ShafyWater Research &amp; Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-3381-2617MonaS.M. MansourAnalyses & Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, 1 Ahmed El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, Cairo. EgyptSallyH. Abdel-ShafyNational Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20170814The present investigation focuses on the chemical and biological contamination of drinking water as a case study in El-Taquaddum area in Sinai. This area use to suffer from deficiency of clean drinking water. The present study investigated the effect of residual chlorine deterioration and the storing period on the chemical and biological quality of drinking water. The results obtained revealed that storing drinking water for long time in closed or open storing tanks deteriorate the residual chlorine that affected on the chemical characteristics and biological contamination of drinking water. Correlation between the closed storing tanks and the open ones in terms of the chemical and biological quality of drinking water as affected by the residual chlorine was studied.<br /> This investigation reveals that the residual chlorine in drinking water is the controlling factor to prevent the presence of colifrom bacteria. The continuous supply of freshly chlorinated water is important to keep the level residual chlorine on the safe border. However, increasing the storage time of the water affects dramatically on the available residual chlorine, and thus affects on the presence of several contaminants including insects, coliform bacteria, and fungi. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to avoid storing the drinking water in open tanks in order to prevent any chemical and/or biological contamination. Nevertheless, filtration through regular home filter that consists of ceramic filter and UV device could eliminate the presence of contaminants including suspended chemicals, bacteria, insects, fungi and turbidity.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Spatial and Seasonal Characterization of Water Quality in The Ouémé River Basin (Republic of Benin, West Africa)10771090425710.21608/ejchem.2017.1463.1095ENArsèneHoussouLaboratoire de Recherche en Aquaculture et en Biologie et Ecologie Aquatiques, Ecole d'Aquaculture de Vallée, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Porto Novo, BéninSimonAhouansou MontchoLaboratoire d’Hydrobiologie et d’Aquaculture, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, BP 526 Cotonou, BéninElieMontchowuiLaboratoire de Recherche en Aquaculture et en Biologie et Ecologie Aquatiques, Ecole d’Aquaculture de Vallée, Université Nationale d’Agriculture, Porto Novo, BéninClémentBonouLaboratoire de Recherche en Biologie Appliquée, Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, BéninJournal Article20170809The study aims at evaluating the quality of the water in the Ouémé River basin. Data were collected from October 2014 through September 2015. Physico-chemical parameters were assessed and the concentrations of dissolved heavy metals were determined. The results show both physical and chemical pollutions of the water according to a nonlinear pollution gradient. The middle basin up to the height of the city of Kaboua appears to be the most polluted segment. The Delta region, near the coast, is the second most polluted segment, and the remaining parts of the basin are the least polluted. Pollutant concentrations are highest during the low flow season. Cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of sampled sites reveals that Atchakpa-Rejet and Kaboua have high concentrations of nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, conductivity, TDS, pH, calcium, magnesium, and total hardness. Kpassa, Bétérou, and Atchakpa-Bethel have high dissolved oxygen and high transparency values. All other sites have high alkalinity. During the low flow season, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu were detected at concentrations exceeding ecological standards in most of the sites. The Water Quality Index (WQI) ranged from 52.7 to 80.9, meaning that water in that river basin can be classified either as marginal quality, moderately polluted, or good quality for aquatic life. Overall, water in the Oueme River basin is under high and increasing influence of human activities.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Biological Evaluation of Ostrich Oil and Its Using for Production of Biscuit10911099399610.21608/ejchem.2017.1295.1078ENAmanyBasunyBiochemistry Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef UniversityShakerArafatOlis & Fats Dept., Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research CentreHanaaSolimanOils& Fats Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki.. Egypt.0000-0002-7758-3422Journal Article20170710Ostrich (<em>Struthiocanelus</em>) was used as a new source of animal fats. Where ostrich fat is a low price fat that separated from slaughtered ostrich. Some physical and chemical properties of the ostrich oil were determined. This oil was fractionated into liquid and solid fractions and some characteristics of two fractions were determined. Ostrich oil and the two fractions (olein and stearin) were feeding to rats for 8 weeks. The liver and kidney function testes (aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities) and serum contents (total lipids, total cholesterol and low and high density lipoproteins) were measured. All of the aforementioned measurements are pointed to that the feeding of ostrich oil did not affect liver and kidney functions and serum contents. The total saturated fatty acids in ostrich oil, ostrich olein and ostrich stearin were 36.51, 20.23 and 73.93% respectively. On the other hand, the monounsaturated fatty acids in ostrich oil, ostrich oleisn and ostrich stearin were 46.75, 57.37 and 19.50% respectively. Finally the higher level of polyunsaturated fatty acids was recorded in ostrich olein (21.70%) followed by ostrich oil (18.24%) and the lowest level was recorded in ostrich stearin (6.70%). Ostrich stearin was applied in biscuit manufacture in order to subrogate fat at ratios (0.00, 25.00, 50.00 and 75.00 %). A sensory evaluation of biscuit was carried out. And the results revealed that baked biscuit characteristics were improved by replacements of fat with ostrich stearin. National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Characterization of Plastic Composite Based on HIPS Loaded with Bagasse11011110408310.21608/ejchem.2017.1473.1099ENEssamElsayedCellulose and Paper Department. Chemical Industral Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St.
(former El Tahrir st.), Dokki, Giza,Egypt, P.O. 126220000-0002-8332-9201Naglaa SalemEl-Sayed33 Al-Tahrir St. Dokki, GizaZenatNagiebbNational Research Centre0000-0001-5421-1944AhmedIsmaelNational Research Centre, 30 El-Tahrir StreetJournal Article20170813The availability of natural fibers in Egypt such as bagasse, rice straw, corn husk, etc attracted the researcher interests to reutilize this agricultural biomass for the development of natural fiber reinforced composites for diversity valuable applications. Recently the utilization of bio-fillers in thermoplastics composites has increased. Polystyrene is a thermoplastic polymer that is commercially available with a wide range of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) applications in various fields because of its mechanical properties. So natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic polystyrene composites can be used as natural wood substitutes in housing, and constructions purposes. Herein we used sugarcane bagasse as a natural filler for HIPS. Where HIPS was melted and mixing with sugarcane bagasse at different ratios using screw extruder, then the fiber/polymer mixture was molded into standard test samples under pressure and heating. The effect of external effectors such as slight aqueous acidic, alkaline solutions, engine oil treatments or UV exposure on the mechanical properties of the prepared composites was investigated. Additionally, the impact of filler content on polystyrene thermal stability and morphological characteristics, water absorption, and swelling capacity were studied.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Antimicrobial Fabrics Using Conocarpus erectus Aqueous Extract11111121403510.21608/ejchem.2017.1529.1112ENMohmmedAbdel Menaem RamadanTextile Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Egypt.0000-0002-4647-002XS.H.NassarTextile Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Egypt.Abeer A.Abd El AtyChemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Dept. National Research Centre (ID: 60014618)Mahmoud I.NassarNatural Compounds Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618),Egypt.Abdelsamed I.ElshamyNatural Compounds Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618),Egypt.Ahmed S.MontaserTextile Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Egypt.F.KantouchTextile Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Egypt.Journal Article20170819In the current study, the aqueous extract of the shoots of Conocarpus erectus L. (Combretaceae family), was found to be rich in tannins,flavonoids and otherphenolics. It showed good inhibitory activity against all tested Gram positive bacteria with zones of inhibition range from 11 to 15 mm at 2000 μg concentration.The appropriateness of wool and nylon fabrics with Conocarpuserectus L. extract using pigment printing technique has been discussed. The effect of different laborers as extract concentration, thickener type, pH, fixation type and mordant type has been investigated. The prints were estimated by measuring color strength (K/S) value and the overall fastness properties. The results exhibited that K/S of the prints increases with extract concentration increases from 10 to 40 ml/100 g printing paste. The highest K/S was obtained by using Meypro gum as a thickening agent. Furthermore, K/S of the fixed prints by steam-fixation for 30 min was higher than those in case of thermo-fixation. Use the mordant in the printing paste has no apparent effect on the K/S values , overall fastness properties were ranging between very good and excellent. Printed fabrics have antibacterial activity especiallyagainst Gram +ve bacteria.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Degradation Behavior of Nano-Glue Adhesive due to Historical Textiles Conservation Process11231133425310.21608/ejchem.2017.1455.1105ENHarbyAhmedConservation Dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Egypt0000-0003-4203-122XWaelMohamedNational research centre0000-0001-5246-7620HebaSaadConservation Dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoume University, EgyptHanaaNasrPolymer Dept., National research centreMahmoudMorsyTextiles Metrology, National Institute of Standards, EgyptNaglaaMahmoudConservation Dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoume University, Egypt,Journal Article20170927Fragile textiles in museums need to consolidate by natural adhesives such as animal glue due to conservation process. Sometime the animal glue becomes shrunk, cracked, and rigid after long term. The article is aimed to study using Nano animal glue adhesive in historic textiles conservation field in order to consolidate the fragile textiles. For this, an extensive experimental work was done to study the ageing behavior of Nano animal glue after artificial ageing process. Firstly, Wool fabric dyed with natural dyes such as madder and safflower dye mordanted with different mordents to similarity for the historical textiles. The wool dyed fabrics were coated with animal glue adhesive and nano animal glue adhesive. The treated wool fabrics were aged by accelerated thermal ageing for different time. <br /> A comparative study was done in order to characterize changes in properties as well as the physical and chemical degradation of treated wool fabrics before and after thermal ageing. Different type of analysis methods such SEM , FTIR, the colors are given in Commission internationale de l’éclairage (CIE L*a*b*) coordinates and mechanical properties. This article presents interesting results concerning the effect of ageing on characterization of nano glue adhesive furthermore for treated wool fabrics.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201The Use of Diphenylamine Sulfonate Redox Indicator in Spectrophotometric Micro-determination of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.11351149419210.21608/ejchem.2017.1560.1120ENMohamedZayedDepartment of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University (D.Sc. Anal.Chem.)0000-0003-2425-6329MahmoudFaroukChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20170825The main aim of this paper is the use of Diphenylamine Sulfonate (DPAS) redox indicator in its oxidized or reduced form in microdetermination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Ketoprofen (KETO) and Indomethacin (INDO) in pure and in their pharmaceutical preparations. DPAS prepared in its oxidized form by its titration against K2Cr2O7 in 2 N sulfuric acid to give its blue-violet colour of quinoid form of λmax = 555 nm. The reaction between DPAS oxidized blue-violet form and each drug within 10 min has been studied in the visible range. This study proved the formation of red products. The reactions of the indicator reduced reread form and the studied drugs are also studied in the UV range at 255 nm after passage of 30 min leading to the form of brown products. Also the stoichiometries of these reactions are formed to be 1:1 and 2:1 (Drug: indicator) and the proposed equations representing them are also formulated. The two proposed reactions in both Vis and UV ranges are applied for microdetermination of these anti-inflammatory drugs in both standard and in their pharmaceutical formulations. The analytical parameters of the reactions of DPAS in its two forms and the given drugs in both Vis and UV ranges such as standard deviation (SD), relative standard deviation (RSD), Sandell’s sensitivity (S), LOQ and LOD of were calculated in order to check accuracy, sensitivity and precision of the given procedures. In the visible region; Beer’s law has been valied in the concentration range of KETO = 5.1-50.9 μg mL-1 and INDO = 10.7-71.6 μg mL-1. Beer’s law in the UV range procedure valied in the concentration ranges of KETO = 1.27-6.36 μg mL-1 and INDO = 0.72-14.31 μg mL-1 The values of % recovery are found to be 100.39 and 100.24 and those of SD are 0.2 and 0.14 in violet form; while % recovery = 99.95 and 100.25 and those of SD are 0.031 and 0.015 in brown form for KETO and INDO respectively. These values refer to the accuracy, reliability, and precision of the proposed procedures. The proposed methods had been applied successfully for the analysis of the studied drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. As example KETO had been analyzed in Ketolgin tablet (UV- region) in the concentration range of 1.53-4.07 μg mL-1 of recovery percent = 99.36-100.61, SD = 0.01-0.03. The results obtained were found to be in good agreement with those obtained by official methods. This evaluation had been done by F- and t- tests.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Sol-gel Synthetic Route to Improve Interaction of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabric with Anionic Dyes11511164403410.21608/ejchem.2017.1586.1124ENTarekSalemTextile Research Division, National Research Centre El-Buhoose St., 12622, Cairo, Egypt.MadihaEl-KashoutyTextile Research Division, National Research Centre El-Buhoose St., 12622, Cairo, Egypt.MartinMüllerLeibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, D-01069 Dresden, GermanyFrankSimonLeibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, D-01069 Dresden, GermanyJournal Article20170829A different chemical nature of PET/cotton fibers hinders to attain solid shade during the coloration process. To overcome this problem in current the attempt, surface functionalization of PET/cotton fabric by simple and cost effective sol-gel technology was investigated. By this simple coating method, different anchor sites were introduced onto the PET/cotton fabric surface such as amine, epoxy or hydroxyl. Incorporation of such groups was conducted using two different alkoxysilanes, namely 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) or 3-Glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as coupling agents for C.I. reactive blue 5 and C.I. acid blue 80 dyes. The sol-gel synthesis reactions of used alkoxysilanes were preceded under either acidic or basic condition. The chemistry and morphology of APTES and GPTMS modified PET/cotton surface were studied by utilizing some surface sensitive techniques such as streaming potential measurements, ATR-FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-dependent contact angle measurements as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, color strength and fastness tests of the prints were examined to test the effectiveness of the fabric surface modification. It was observed that the isoelectric point value of PET/cotton fabric coated with base-hydrolyzed APTES is shifted toward higher pH value in comparison with PET/cotton fabric coated with base-hydrolyzed GPTMS. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of sol-gel modified PET/cotton fabric was increased. The results also presented that the PET/cotton blend fabrics after treatment with base-hydrolyzed APTES showed improvement in K/S value and fastness properties.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Comparative Study of Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater Using Clay and Activated Carbon in Batch and Continuous Flow Systems11651175399910.21608/ejchem.2017.1606.1128ENAshraf MEl-ShamyPhysical chemistry department0000-0003-3672-509XHala KamalFaragInorganic Chemistry Department,
National Research CentreWaledSaadInternational Company for Chemical Industries, Plaza Tower, El Gaish St., El-Mansoura, Daqahlyia, EgyptJournal Article20170911This paper deals with the treatment of wastewater released from petroleum industry by using clay and activated carbon as adsorbents for removal of heavy metals. A filled column of clay and activated carbon was used for a continuous flow system and a sample collector was used to monitor the removal efficiency. The optimum treatment conditions were explored. The removal efficiencies of the heavy metal cations were found to be 55, 64, 75, 57, 63, and 82% for Pb, Cu, As, Co, Ni and Cr, respectively. After a second cycle of treatment, the removal efficiency was significantly increased. The removal efficiencies for the pretreated industrial samples were found to be 90, 99, 100, 100, 95 and 100 % for Cu, As, Co, Ni, Pb and Cr, respectively. These results indicate that the employed adsorbent mixture has a huge potential in the application as efficient adsorbent for removal of cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Spectrophotometric Determination of Fluconazole, Voriconazole and Butoconazole nitrate by Ion-Pair Formation with Rose Bengal Reagent.11771188416810.21608/ejchem.2017.1299.1075ENMohamed A.ZayedDepartment of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University (D.Sc. Anal.Chem.)0000-0003-2425-6329ManalA. El-ShalNational Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), GizaMarawaAbdel AzimeNational Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), GizaJournal Article20170705ABSTRACT<br /> The reactions of Rose bengal reagent (Rbeng) with three antifungal drugs Fluconazole (FLZ), Voriconazole (VRZ) and Butoconazole nitrate (BTZ) had been studied for the development of simple, rapid, sensitive spectrophotometric methods for micro-determining of these drugs in pure and in their dosage forms. This method is based on the formation of ion-pairs between the drugs and Rbeng reagent. The spectra of the formed ion pairs were measured at pH = 6.5 for FLZ and pH = 6 for VRZ at 575 nm. The spectra of the formed ion pair for BTZ was measured at pH = 4 and 580 nm. All solutions spectra are measured at selected optimum temperature 20-30 oC. Beer's law was valid in the concentration ranges 30.63 – 76.57, 34.93– 97.81 and 14.2 – 45.1 μg ml-1 with recovery of (98.00 - 101.9, 97.92 - 102.2 %, and 98.20 - 101.3 % for FLZ, VRZ and BTZ, respectively. The values SD = 0.1210 – 0.4148, 0.4365– 1.018 and 0.0748 - 0.4362, RSD =0.1790 – 1.152, 0.5248 - 1.648 and 0.3314 - 1.011%, the Sandell sensitivity (S) = 0.063, 0.076, 0.017 μg cm-2, LOQ = 8 , 12.96, 13.27 μg ml-1 and LOD =2.6, 4.4, 4.3 μg ml-1 were calculated for FLZ, VRZ and BTZ, respectively. The results obtained revealed accuracy, precision and sensitivity of the suggested procedures. These methods were applied for analysis of these drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained were found to be in good agreement with those given by official methods, as evaluated by F- and t- tests.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Chemical Constituents, Growth and Flowering of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt Plants as Affected by Glutamic Acid and Irrigation by Different Wastewater Treated Effluents11891203413910.21608/ejchem.2017.1726.1145ENNahedG. Abdel AzizOrnamental and Woody Trees Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptHussein IbrahimAbdel-ShafyWater Research &amp; Pollution Control Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-3381-2617BedourH. Abou LeilaWater Relation and Field Irrigation Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170925This study deals with the effect of glutamic acid and the reuse of chemically treated wastewater on the chemical constituents of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt Plants in a batch-pot experiment. This chemical constituent includes the nutrient elements (N, P, K), micronutrient elements (Fe, Mn), sodium, as well as heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn). In this study different doses of glutamic acid were examined in combination with different types of treated wastewater to investigate the environmental stress on Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt Plants. The study was conducted during the two successive seasons of (2015/2016– 2016/2017) in the greenhouse of National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, aimed to study the response of Coreopsis tinctoria plants to glutamic acid application at four chemical concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) as well as the effect of treated wastewater as a source of irrigation. Besides, this investigation includes the impact on growth and flowering of Coreopsis tinctoria plants. The physical and chemical characteristics of the treated wastewaters were investigated and reused to determine the beneficial advantages as an additional water resource. It was concluded that Glutamic acid and irrigation with three types of treated wastewater effluents individually induced favorable changes in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt plants in terms of chemical constituents, vegetation and flowering. Thus, the effluent of the chemically treated municipal wastewater can be reused safely without any side effect. Meanwhile, type of treatment has an important effect on the final chemical characteristics of the treated wastewater, particularly the nutrient elements and heavy metals. The reuse of treated wastewater is the most important challenge in the near future to increase the water budget in Egypt as the population escalating and the stringent need for more cultivated land. Consequently, the need for extra safe water resources should be supplied.National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRTEgyptian Journal of Chemistry0449-228560620171201Study on The Role of Crumb Rubber on The Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites12051214459710.21608/ejchem.2017.1376.1097ENBasma KamalSalehPolymer Department, National Institute for Standards, Giza.Mervat HassanKhalilHeat and Moisture Department, building Physics Institute, Housing and Building National Research Center,
Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20170812ABSTRACT <br /> Crumb rubber represents a series hazardous waste that causes environmental pollution that needs to be treated. Such a problem consumes a high budget in controlling its consequences. The main objective of this study is to get maximum benefit from this waste and use it as a filler in green processing to obtain useful materials such as heat insulators. Thus, the black filler was removed from the natural rubber mixes and crumb rubber from waste in different ratios was used instead to form rubber composite that contains a small amount of organo modified nanoclay to maintain the mechanical properties of the vulcanized rubber composites. A controlling mix containing black carbon filler was used to compare the obtained results from crumb/NR nanocomposites. These mixes were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the graphs revealed that at higher ratios of crumb rubber in the mix, crumb forms a dispersible network within the rubber blend matrix which enhances the miscibility between the rubber and all other ingredients. TGA data indicated high thermal stability of all crumb/NR nanocomposites. All results showed that the addition of crumb to natural rubber nanocomposites enhanced the levels of the properties especially for the mix of the ratio 4:6 for crumb:natural rubber. Results of thermal conductivity measurements assured that such mix acts as an insulating material and may be used in constructural applications for shielding purposes.