National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Mucilage Wastes as a Source for Oils: Part I: Preparation of Anionic Surfactants
477
487
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1243
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">MUCILAGE wastes are industrial by-products which are rich in …… oils. The extracted oils were characterized via spectrophotometric measurements (</span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">e.g</span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">. IR, </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HNMR) and utilized in the preparation of some surface active agents. Two anionic surfactants were prepared </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">via </span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small;">sulfatation by concentrated sulfuric acid and sulfonation by dry sulfur trioxide from sunflower and cotton seed oils. Yields of the prepared surfactants were 70% and 71%, respectively. </span>
The microanalysis data of (C, H, S) were estimated. In addition, the hydrophilic
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">_ </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">lipophilic balance (HLB), surface tension, interfacial tension, wetting and foaming power and biodegradability for the prepared surfactants were evaluated. </span>
The importance of these anionic surfactants are due to their environmental friendly nature and relatively safe application to human in addition to their economical feasibility.
Biodegradation is also an important parameter which was taken into consideration. The prepared surfactants showed more than 95% degradation after 21 days that can be considered a great success for environment.
Mucilage wastes,sunflower oil,Cotton seed oil,Anionic surfactants,Sulfatation,Sulfonation and Biodegradation
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1243.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1243_0bf4705768a3b2b1f899fb6480d4d6cd.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Mucilage Wastes as a Source for Oils: Part II: Preparation of Nonionic Surfactants
489
496
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1244
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">TWO NONIONIC surfactants named sunflower and cotton seed oil ….. were prepared from sodium salt of sulphonated oils (Part I) by ethoxylation with ethylene oxide. The yield of nonionic surfactants obtained were 70% and 68%, respectively. </span>
The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), surface tension, interfacial tension, microanalysis, wetting and foaming power were evaluated. Concerning the microanalysis of the prepared surfactants, the results are in a good agreement with theoretical values which confirm the proposed structures.
High performance surface activity properties were achieved. The importance of these eco-friendly products are due to an environmental and economical points of view.
The prepared surfactants showed more than 88% degradation after 21 days that can be considered agreat success for environment.
Mucilage wastes,sunflower oil,Cotton seed oil,Non-ionic surfactants,Ethoxylation and Biodegradation
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1244.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1244_cc87749c88e14c66acf5ff25b85502ec.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Preparation and Characterization of Nano Cu and CuO Catalysts Supported on Washcoated Cordierite
497
514
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1245
NANO copper and copper oxide supported on Al <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">O</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">3 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">washcoat </span></span><span style="color: #ffffff; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="color: #ffffff; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="color: #ffffff; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">depos</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">deposited on cordierite was prepared by mild reduction method using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent in non-aqueous media. The effect of loading (5 and 10% Cu), calcination temperature 500, 600 and 700 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">o</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">C on the formed nano CuO was investigated. The preheated samples were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that, 5wt.% (Cu/Al</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">O</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">)/cordierite has the less crystallite size and the smallest crystallite size of CuO was observed in case of 5wt.% (CuO/Al</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">O</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">3</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">)/cordierite calcined at 500</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">o</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">C for 1hr.</span></span>
Nano,Cu,CuO,cordierite,Al2O3 and Washcoat
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1245.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1245_096ac0b4355b147f4c1aae81340e7085.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antidepressant and Sedative Activities of Some Benzo[B] thiophenes
515
526
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1246
THE COUPLING reaction of 2-diazo-3-cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo [b] thiophene (2) with the 2-aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (3) gave the hydrazone derivative (4). Compound 4 underwent ready cyclization to give the pyridazine derivative (5). The reaction of 4 with hydrazines gave pyrazole derivatives (6a,b). On the other hand, the reaction of 4 with active methylene reagents gave the pyridazine derivatives (7a,b). The latter products were cyclized into the pyrido [3,2-c] pyrimidine derivatives 8a and 8b, respectively. The reaction of 4 with phenylisothiocyanate gave the 1,2,4-triazine derivative (9). The antidepressant and sedative activities of the newly synthesized products were measured.
Benzo [b] thiophenes,pyridazines,Pyrazoles,Antidepressant,and Sedative activity
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1246.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1246_7f5030202bdec9ed71bfcb6adad43b93.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Novel Synthesis of Fused Pyrazolopyrimidines and C-Nucleosides of Thienopyrimidone with Expected Antimicrobial Activity
527
540
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1247
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">STARTING from thienopyrimidine hydrazine derivatives (1a,d) and (2b,c) a series of pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives has been synthesized. Also, some acyclic and cyclic C- nucleosides of thienopyrimidone (</span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">7</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;">-10) were prepared by treating compound 1a with aldoses. The prepared products showed antimicrobial activity. Structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their elemental analyses and spectral data. </span>
pyrazolopyrimidine,C-Nucleosides,NMR spectra,Mass spectra,Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1247.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1247_1b0b21ac88d4daf69e0e8b2d628e0999.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
New Synthesis of C- and N-Acyclic Nucleosides from 2-Hydrazinothienopyrimidone Derivatives
541
552
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1248
ACYCLIC N-nucleosides are prepared by heating under reflux 2-hydrazinocyclopentenothienopyrimidone 1 with aldopentoses in dioxane to give the corresponding acyclic N-nucleosides 2 and 3, which cyclized on stirring at room temperature in acetic anhydride/pyridine mixture to afford the corresponding protected tetra O-acetate C-nucleosides 4 and 5, respectively. De-acetylation of compound 4 and 5 afforded the free acyclic C-nucleosides 6 and 7, respectively. On the other hand, acyclic N-nucleosides 8 and 10 were obtained on treatment of 1 with aldohexoses in the same manner. The protected penta O-acetyl C-nucleosides 11-13 were obtained when stirred compounds 8-10 with acetic anhydride/pyridine mixture at room temperature. De-protection afforded the free acyclic C-nucleosides 14-16, respectively.
2-Hydrazinocyclopentenothienopyrimidone,Acyclic N- nucleosides,O-acetyl C-nucleosides and Acyclic C-nucleosides
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1248.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1248_78ecf9b56ae759068e7c1b871f55e0b9.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Characterization of Cordierite Synthesized from Egyptian Kaolin and Talc
553
563
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1249
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">THE SYNTHESIS of cordierite from Egyptian Kaolin, Talc and a.. …Al (OH)</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">by solid state reaction at different temperature 1250 - 1350 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">o</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">C has been studied. The samples of the synthesized cordierite obtained from different compositions of raw materials were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The XRD analysis showed α-cordierite as a major phase for samples calcined at 1350 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">o</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">C for 1 hr. The morphology of the surface of prepared cordierite appeared to be homogenous, smooth and non pours. Density and porosity of the prepared cordierite were also determined. </span>
Solid state reaction,cordierite,Talc and Kaolin
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1249.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1249_8ff6b7f50fd2fb913f1f293e95d7bc64.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Innovative Method for the Reduction of Nitrophenols Using Nickel Nanocatalysts in Zeolite-Y Prepared from Egyptian Kaolin
565
579
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1250
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">THE REDUCTION of ortho and para nitrophenols into the .........corresponding aminophenols has been proceeded via a new efficient catalytic reduction method. Hydrazine hydrate in the presence of nickel exchanged zeolite was used in the preparation of nickel nanocatalyst in zeolite surfaces. Zeolite-Y prepared from Egyptian kaolin has been used. At low temperature hydrazine hydrate molecules first decompose to give hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen atoms reduce the nickel ions exchanged inside the zeolite cages. This allows the formation of nickel clusters in the nanoscale size. Further decomposition of the hydrazine hydrate on the nickel atom surfaces yields nascent hydrogen atoms that efficiently reduce the nitro groups. Many techniques such as XRD, IR, TEM, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, and atomic absorption measurements have been used. XRD analysis confirms that zeolite Y retained its framework after nickel exchange processes. The atomic absorption measurements were used to determine the amount of nickel ions exchanged in zeolite. TEM shows the formation of nano nickel atoms inside the zeolite cages. IR analysis confirms the appearance of the characteristic peaks of only ortho or para aminophenols. UV-Visible absorption measurements have been used to follow up the disappearance of the nitro compounds as well as the estimation of the conversion percentage. Catalyst recovery and factors affecting the reduction reaction such as phenol concentration, pH, catalyst loading and temperature have been studied. The obtained data and kinetic results indicate that at a given experimental conditions, the conversion percentage reaches 100% within few minutes. Comparing the results to the previously published studies, it can be concluded that this method is more economic, faster and more efficient. </span>
Nickel nanocatalyst,Zeolite,Nitrophenols,Aminophenols,Reduction and Egyptian kaolin
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1250.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1250_9928268ac67c31cd7343049cfcf186ac.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Effect of Serine on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Beef fat/ Cysteine Model Systems
581
596
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1251
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">THE PRESENT work aimed to examine the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the constituents generated during the reaction between beef fat with cysteine and serine model system. Sixty three and seventy three volatile compounds were isolated and identified with the predominance of esters and sulfur-containing compounds. Sensory evaluation was also performed for the model systems according to (ISO) and the results revealed that the presence of volatiles having roasted meat–like aroma might be due to presence of certain classes such as pyrazine and thiazoles derivatives as the main compounds. The radical scavenging activity of the model systems was quantified spectrophotometrically, using DPPH radical and β-carotene bleaching assays. </span>
Maillard reaction,Serine,fat,Meat like aroma,Antioxidant activity and DPPH
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1251.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1251_3f49bd4b18dcb6912253ec91c9ed193b.pdf
National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry
0449-2285
2357-0245
53
4
2010
08
30
Novel Variamine Blue Potentiometric Sensor
597
612
EN
10.21608/ejchem.2010.1252
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">NOVEL polyvinyl chloride (PVC) potentiometric sensors are constructed for determination of variamine blue (VB). Different </span>
methods for electrode fabrication including; modification with the VB-TPB ion pair, modification with sodium tetraphenylborate or soaking of the plain electrode in the ion-pair suspension, have been described. Electrode matrix compositions were optimized on the basis of effects of type and content of the modifier as well as influence of the plasticizers. The fabricated electrodes worked satisfactorily in the concentration range from 10
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">-6 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">to 10</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">-2 </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">M of VB. Electrodes modified with VB-TPB showed the best performance (Nernstian slope 62.0±0.7 mV decade</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">-1</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">) with fast response time of about 8 sec and adequate lifetime (4 weeks). The developed electrodes have been successfully applied as end point indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of 6.75-20.25 mg VB with high accuracy and precision. The solubility products of different VB ion-pair were determined conductometrically. </span>
Variamine blue,PVC electrode fabrication,Potentiometric titration,Ion pairs and Solubility products
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1252.html
https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1252_38120e94a6cca98cd634e5b970d6fc47.pdf