@article { author = {}, title = {Novel Conductive Nano-composite Ink Based on Poly Aniline, Silver Nanoparticles and Nitrocellulose}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {429-443}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1101}, abstract = {    C ONDUCTING polymers have attracted much attention in view of scientific interest, simple preparation method and practical applications. This article demonstrates the preparation of an electrically conductive composite based on (poly aniline, silver nanoparticles, nitrocellulose resin) by mixing the three components with each other by sonication. Poly aniline (PANI) doped with HCl was prepared by chemical oxidation pathway using potassium peroxydisulphate while silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) was synthesized via chemical reduction process using oleic acid and oleyl amine. The prepared materials were characterized by spectroscopic measurements (FTIR, UV-vis, TEM), in addition to thermal analysis (TGA, DSC). The electrical conductivity was measured by four-point probe method. The achieved results indicated high performance properties for the nano-composite to be applied in conducting inks.      }, keywords = {Conductive ink,Poly aniline hydrochloride,Silver nano particles,Nitrocellulose and Polymer nano composite}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1101.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1101_f6c9337b6d5a893faa99965408e416a4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {The Catalytic Performance of Fe2O3-CeO2 Nanocomposite in Ethanol Conversion}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {445-464}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1180}, abstract = {ETHANOL dehydration over Fe2O3-CeO2 nanocomposite with …… different Fe2O3 wt% loadings was investigated. For comparison the pure Fe2O3 and CeO2 were also prepared. The different nanocomposite samples were prepared via a novel modified co-precipitation method. Pure Fe2O3 and CeO2 were prepared by conventional chemical precipitation method. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by the aid of XRD, HRTEM, BET, TGA and XRF techniques. The results revealed that Fe2O3 and CeO2 produce a solid solution up to 15% Fe2O3. In the samples of higher Fe2O3 content, segregation of Fe2O3 on the surface were evidenced. Catalytic conversion of ethanol yielded mainly dehydration products with a distinguished activity toward ethylene. The highest ethanol conversion and maximized ethylene selectivity were achieved on the Fe15Ce85 catalyst and its selectivity achieves 90%. While ethylene yield increased over all catalysts by increasing the reaction temperature, production of diethyl ether and acetaldehyde was favored at low temperatures with a minor yield.    }, keywords = {ethanol,Fe2O3-CeO2,Ethylene,Nanocomposite and Co-precipitation}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1180.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1180_202cab66375cfd4725824f40e66c70a9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Thermal Insulation for Hydrate Prevention in Pipeline Design}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {465-479}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1196}, abstract = {  THE PETROLEUM industry spends millions of dollars every …….year to combat the formation of gas hydrates. Produced natural gas stream from the reservoir always saturates with water and one of the problems associated with its transmission pipeline is the formation of hydrates. Gas hydrates cause problems by plugging transmission lines and damaging equipment. Hydrate formation in pipeline arises due to temperature drop and other thermodynamic changes during production. To prevent hydrate formation, it is important to make accurate prediction of temperature and pressure under which gas hydrate will form. Formation of gas hydrate can be eliminated or decreased by several methods, thermal insulation, heating or chemical injection. The present study focused on hydrate prevention using thermal insulation technique done by HYSYS simulation software. Experimental work was carried out using PVT cell (mercury free system) to detect the hydrate formation temperature.          }, keywords = {Hydrates,Gas pipeline and HYSYS}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1196.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1196_76c7fd4b24da11926926e19883155028.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Sulaiman, Ahmed}, title = {Assessment of the Water Quality of Diwaniyah River}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {481-489}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1197}, abstract = {    THE REDUCTION of environmental pollutants in the river is one of the most important priorities for the production of drinking water. In this study, a river known as Shatt Al-Diwaniyah (Qadissyia, Iraq) was selected to demonstrate the potential environmental impacts of various pollutants in the area from Sunni (north of the city of Diwaniyah, about 15 km). There are 15 sites selected for the period from March 2014 until the end of October 2014. This study includes the measurements of pH, TDS, EC, Do, BOD, NO3, and PO4. The results showed that the water temperature at all sites ranged between 28.98-31.2OC while, the pH values were in the range of constraints in all the sites (between 7.50 to 8.06). In addition, recorded EC values ranged from 1195 to 990µ/cm, TDS values ranged from 1323 to 890 mg/L, DO values ranged between (6.30 to 8.01) mg/L. The study recorded a high concentration of vital oxygen requirement beyond the conditions allowed in most of the sites studied. Nutrients also observed which fluctuated in a narrow range and a clear concentration especially nitrate. The Nitrate concentration ranged from 0.15 to 6.34 mg/L. The effective phosphate concentration is higher in some sites, than the permissible limits. The results showed that the presence of rubber and textile factory as well as the fever and kidney hospital may deteriorate the quality of the river's water, also, the abuses of the networks in the rain by the citizens living on both sides of the river. In most cases, the efficiency of the treatment plants may be affected by the deterioration of the effluent water.  }, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1197.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1197_6bb9836cedb9e64d7fcdcadd968785e3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Physicochemical Characteristics of Slag Rich Cement Pastes Incorporated by-pass Cement Dust}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {491-507}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1198}, abstract = {   THE EFFECT of replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) with by- pass cement dust (CKD) at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and10 mass % after 3, 7, 28 and 90 days of curing period was studded. One blend of slag rich cement was prepared, namely30/70 mass % Portland cement and granulated slag, respectively. Two different mixes were made from this blend, the first contains (70% GBFS (with variable amounts of OPC and CKD, the second contains (30% OPC)with variable amounts of GBFS and CKD. The hydration behavior was followed by estimation of combined water, bulk density and gel/space ratio. The required water for standard consistency, setting times and compressive strength were also determined. The required water for standard consistency increases with CKD content. The compressive strength and bulk density decrease with cement kiln dust. Combined  water content increases with CKD. Initial sitting time for blended cement pastes with (30% OPC) is elongated up to 5 mass % then accelerated. The final sitting time of cement pasts (30 % OPC)) is elongated with CKD. The results obtained were confirmed by XRD.    }, keywords = {Cement kiln dust,Compressive strength,Slag and Portland cement}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1198.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1198_4600d58288f0d7eed9569995ab45e7b6.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Moringa oleifera-silver Nanohybrid as Green Antimicrobial Finishing for Cotton Fabrics}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {509-522}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1200}, abstract = {SILVER nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized as colloidal solution using Moringa oleifera extract (ME) as reducing and stabilizing agents.  The prepared AgNPs solution was applied onto cotton fabrics to impart them antimicrobial properties.  The obtained AgNPs were characterized as per world class analysis, exemplified by ultra-visible (UV-vis) spectra and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) for its shape and size determination. Application of these AgNPs to cotton fabrics  and evaluation of the treated fabric were done by monitoring morphological change of the fabric through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), also investigated towards antimicrobial and physical properties.                   }, keywords = {Moringa oleifera,Cotton finishing,Functional finishing,antimicrobial textiles,Green synthesis and Nanoparticles}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1200.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1200_339a3d9f6cf184372736bdd82ffd102c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Synthesis of Nano-sized Zinc Oxide and Its Application for Cellulosic Textiles}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {523-535}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1412}, abstract = {     IN THIS article zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-particles are synthesized …..through the alkali precipitation method using zinc acetate as a precursor fabrics, especially those treated with thermo-fixation process and sodium hydroxide as basic source. The characterization of nanosized zinc oxide particles and their application in the pretreatment processes of cotton textiles have been studied for the resistance against bacteria and fungus, color strength enhancement and fastness properties improvement in addition to studying the effect of zinc oxide nano-particles incorporation into the printing paste on fixation method of the prints. The nanoparticles composition as well as their shape, size and crystallinity has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD). The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have particle  size lies between 200-300 nm for the calcinated and higher than 400 for the dried one. The synthesized ZnO nano-particle shows antibacterial activity towards microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) and affects positively color fastness of printed after printing. The results showed that the performances of zinc oxide as finishing agent can significantly improve printed cotton fabrics properties.}, keywords = {Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles,Antibacterial,Steaming,thermo-fixation}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1412.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1412_52ca0436db8f2ad6e00ba78b7cf93017.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Improving Corrosion Resistance of Al through Sever Plastic Deformation 1-under Free Condition}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {537-555}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1413}, abstract = {THE CORROSION rate of Al in 3.5 % NaCl at room temperature can be reduced by subjecting the metal to sever plastic deformation (SPD) through the procedure of surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT).  The corrosion resistance of grain refined Al in 3.5% NaCl by SMAT for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min in comparison with Al as rolled(0) and after annealing for 5 hr at 600 ◦C (blank) was investigated by open circuit potential measurement. The results show that as increasing the time of SMAT up to 15min, the steady state potential (Est.) shifted to less negative values. In contradiction, further increasing the time to 20 and 25 min, the potential returned to more negative values. Surface examination using scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that the above results are controlled by the time of oxide film formation. This depends on different factors such as the grain refinement, the segregation of Fe to the outer surface, the formation of micro cavities, the crystallographic orientation and habit Al (111) plane phases. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1413.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1413_98b3d521abf58dab87a9d116174abb7f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Improving Corrosion Resistance of Al through Sever Plastic Deformation 2-under Accelerated Condition}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {557-571}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1415}, abstract = {        THE CORROSION resistance of Aluminum (Al) in 3.5% NaCl …….was improved after surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) measurements have shown hysteresis’s loop area owing to localized attack. Surface examinations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and grazing induced X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) have been used to investigate changes of composition on the surface at different depths. The result of polarization shows that as increasing the time of annealing before 10 min SMAT the surface of Al becomes more resistance and behaves similar to that of adding cathodic inhibitor. The study was carried out also for the annealed samples after different time of SMAT 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min. proved that the corrosion resistance was improved with increasing the time till 15 min treatment and decreased again after that. CPP experiments at all the time except at 15 min SMAT recorded the formation of different steps at different potential after the corrosion potential. The steps are similar to that recorded due to formation of protective film and the break down due to pitting corrosion. GIXRD proved that the appearance of these steps is due to the formation of different metallic and intermetallic solid solution phases which have different corrosion potential. On the other hand the more corrosion resistance of 15 min SMAT was attributed to the formation of the most anodic phase of Al39 Cu47. The dissolution of the treated SMAT Al in 3.5 % NaCl are localized attack and mainly intergalvanic corrosion where its rate depends on the defence between the corrosion potential of the phases recorded and the Al substrate.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1415.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1415_5d9af8e9b8e78f85dd0c834494ca1b22.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Nanosilica on the Hydration Characteristics and Compressive Strength of Blended Basalt Cement Pastes}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {573-595}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1423}, abstract = {}, keywords = {nanosilica,Basalt,Blended cement,Pozzolanic properties,Compressive strength}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1423.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1423_db4bfba8406f713d8e1ad7cd24ee29eb.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Polyurethane Nonionic Surfactants and Their Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization of Their Structures}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {597-607}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1424}, abstract = {        FIVE NOVEL nonionic polyurethane surfactants were ……prepared by the reaction of polyethylene glycol with different molecular weight by toluene diisocyanate to obtain the polyurethane polymer, which was reacted by oleic acid to obtain the nonionic surfactants. The chemical structures of the prepared surfactants were determined using FTIR spectra and their molecular weights were determined using GPC analysis. Silver nanohybrids of the nonionic polyurethane surfactants were prepared via physical combination by chemically prepared silver nanoparticles. The silver nanohybrids were determined by UV, TEM, SEM, and DLS spectroscopy. }, keywords = {Nonionic surfactant,Polyurethane, Nanohybrid}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1424.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1424_793a0157586c122c11d7a81d245c796d.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Preparation and Characterization of Micro-Porous ZnO Nanoparticles}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {609-621}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.2339}, abstract = {ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by precipitation method and auto-ignition method from zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The powder was characterized by thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Ultra violet- Visible optical absorption (Uv-Vis), and photoluminescence spectroscopy analyses (PL). XRD patterns for both catalysts showed that ZnO nanoparticles have hexagonal unit cell structure. SEM and TEM pictures detect the morphology and particle size of the as-prepared ZnO NPs. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum shows ZnO nanoparticles prepared by precipitation method has an absorption band at 385 nm while by auto-ignition method has an absorption band at 355nm. PL spectra proved that ZnO prepared by auto-ignition method was the most active one. This indicated a minimum recombination rate. These ZnO nanoparticles can be used in different applications due to their great optical properties.}, keywords = {ZnO nanoparticles (NPs),Uv-Vis absorption and Photolumin-ancesence (PL)}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_2339.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_2339_06382bfbdbc9338f9f425a027538db87.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Utilization of GBFS in The Preparation of Low Cost Cement}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {623-636}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1439}, abstract = {GROUNDED blast furnace slag GBFS is one of common supplementary cementitious materials in Portland cement concrete, and is capable of improving the performance of concrete and reducing the costs. There are strong environmental and energy reasons for developing a wide range of pozzolanic cements. The aim of this work is to study the effect of substitution of cement with GBFS by the determination of water of consistency, initial and final setting times, combined water and free lime contents, bulk density, total porosity and compressive strength. The results show that the substitution of GBFS decreases the water of consistency, initial and final setting times, 50 % GBFS increases compressive strength as well as total porosity, whereas the free lime and combined water decrease with the granulated slag content. The hydration products of some GBFS cement pastes were identified by the aid of XRD, DTA and IR techniques.}, keywords = {Granulated slag GBFS,Hydration,Compressive strength,Blk density and Total porosity}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1439.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1439_09785e0de1b58ffc509644d8f8b1f4a0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Behavior of Some 2(3H)-Furanones Bearing A Chromone Moiety as Alkylating Agents}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {637-646}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1440}, abstract = {4-OXO-4H-chromen-3-carboxaldehyde (2) condensed with 3-aroylpropionic acids(1a-c) in the presence of thionyl chloride/ N,N- dimethylformamide mixture as a cyclodehydrating agent to yield5-aryl-3-chromonyllmethylene-2(3H)-furanones3a-c as mixtures of (E) and (Z) stereoisomers.These furanones treated with the Lewis acid AlCl3 in benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene to furnish4,4-diaryl-1-(3-chromonyl)buta-1,3-diene-2-carboxylic acids 4a-fas mixtures of geometrical (E,E- and E,Z-) stereoisomers via an intermolecular alkylation mode. The unfavored intramolecular alkylation is explained on the basis of the decreased electron density at C2 of the chromone moiety causing the attack of the intermediate carbocation on this position becomes difficult}, keywords = {2(3H)-Furanones,Chromone-3-carboxaldehyde,Intermolecular alkylation,Intramolecular alkylation and Butadienecarboxylic acids}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1440.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1440_0abc4d07a88e9d077ee5ba24737497d4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Bio-based Hydrogel Formed by Gamma Irradiation}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {647-662}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1441}, abstract = {CARBOXYMETHYL chitosan (CMCt) was synthesized through ….. carboxymethylation reaction for chitosan. The prepared (CMCt) was subjected to crosslinking reaction by using γ- radiation. Different process parameters were investigated to clarify the effect of radiation dose, pH, and time upon the gel fraction and swelling properties of the produced hydrogels. The gel fraction was reduced after radiation dose 20 KG. The swelling% was dependent on the paste concentrations. At higher paste concentrations, 30- 40% higher doses of γ- radiation, 20 KG, were required for optimum swelling. The high concentration paste, 40%, showed superior swelling in alkaline medium, pH > 8, while lower concentration paste manifested optimum swelling in neutral medium, pH = 7. The prepared (CMCt) hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, SEM, DSC and swelling kinetics.}, keywords = {Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCt),Hydrogel,γ-ray radiation,swelling,FTIR,SEM and DSC}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1441.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1441_e37935a552bcf14222a6ae6ad915a41d.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Some Pyrazole-Pyrazolone Derivatives}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Chemistry}, volume = {59}, number = {4}, pages = {663-672}, year = {2016}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, ASRT}, issn = {0449-2285}, eissn = {2357-0245}, doi = {10.21608/ejchem.2016.1442}, abstract = {SIX heterocyclic compounds were synthesized based on pyrazole …. and pyrazolone rings. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by using: elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectra. The compounds were evaluated for their activity against gram +ve, gram –ve bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial assessment showed the high activity of compounds I and VI.}, keywords = {pyrazole,pyrazolone and Antimicrobial activity}, url = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1442.html}, eprint = {https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_1442_a4003f3d536823deb40cba25dd1d06e7.pdf} }